<2,,4921,sunistemi>
sun, "with," histemi, "to stand," denotes, in its intransitive sense, "to stand with or fall together, to be constituted, to be compact;" it is said of the universe as upheld by the Lord, Col. 1:17, lit., "by Him all things stand together," i.e., "consist" (the Latin consisto, "to stand together," is the exact equivalent of sunistemi). See APPROVE, COMMEND, MAKE, STAND.

Consolation, Console <A-1,Noun,3874,paraklesis>
is translated "consolation," in both AV and RV, in Luke 2:25; 6:24; Acts 15:31; in 1 Cor. 14:3, AV, "exhortation," RV, "comfort;" in the following the AV has "consolation," the RV, "comfort," Rom. 15:5; 2 Cor. 1:6,7; 7:7; Phil. 2:1; 2 Thess. 2:16; Philem. 1:7; in Acts 4:36, RV, "exhortation;" in Heb. 6:18, RV, "encouragement." See COMFORT.

<A-2,Noun,3889,paramuthia>
"a comfort, consolation;" See COMFORT, A, No. 2.

<A-3,Noun,3890,paramuthion>
"an encouragement, consolation," Phil. 2:1, RV, in the phrase "consolation of love." See COMFORT, A, No. 3.

<B-1,Verb,3888,paramutheomai>
"to speak soothingly to," is translated "console," John 11:19, RV; in John 11:31 "were comforting;" in 1 Thess. 2:11; 5:14, AV, "comforted" and "comfort," RV, "encouraged" and "encourage."

Consort (with) <1,,4345,proskleroo>
lit., "to assign by lot" (pros, "to," kleros, "a lot"), "to allot," is found in Acts 17:4, "consorted with," imparting to the Passive Voice (the form of the verb there) a Middle Voice significance, i.e., "they joined themselves to," or "threw in their lot with." The Passive Voice significance can be retained by translating (in the stricter sense of the word), "they were allotted" (i.e., by God) to Paul and Silas, as followers or disciples.

Conspiracy <1,,4945,sunomosia>
denotes, lit., "a swearing together" (sun, "with," omnumi, "to swear"), a "being leagued by oath, and so a conspiracy," Acts 23:13.

Constantly * For CONSTANTLY see AFFIRM

Constrain, Constraint <A-1,Verb,315,anakazo>
see COMPEL, No. 1.

<A-2,Verb,3849,parabiazomai>
primarily denotes "to employ force contray to nature and right, to compel by using force" (para, "alongside," intensive, biazo, "to force"), and is used only of "constraining" by intreaty, as the two going to Emmaus did to Christ, Luke 24:29; as Lydia did to Paul and his companions, Acts 16:15.

<A-3,Verb,4912,sunecho>
"to hold together, confine, secure, to hold fast" (echo, "to have or hold"), "to constrain," is said (a) of the effect of the word of the Lord upon Paul, Acts 18:5 (AV, "was pressed in spirit," RV, "was constrained by the word"); of the effect of the love of Christ, 2 Cor. 5:14; (b) of being taken with a disease, Matt. 4:24; Luke 4:38; Acts 28:8; with fear, Luke 8:37; (c) of thronging or holding in a person, Luke 8:45; being straitened, Luke 12:50; being in a strait betwixt two, Phil. 1:23; keeping a city in on every side, Luke 19:43; keeping a tight hold on a person, as the men who seized the Lord Jesus did, after bringing Him into the High Priest's house, Luke 22:63; (d) of stopping the ears in refusal to listen, Acts 7:57. Luke uses the word nine times out of its twelve occurrences in the NT. See HOLD, KEEP, No. (1), PRESS, SICK (lie), STOP, STRAIT (be in a), TAKEN (be), THRONG.

Note: The verb echo, "to have," with ananke, "a necessity," is translated "I was constrained," in Jude 1:3, RV (AV, "it was needful").

<B-1,Adverb,317,anankastos>
akin to A, No. 1, "by force, unwillingly, by constraint," is used in 1 Pet. 5:2.

Consult, Consultation <A-1,Verb,1011,bouleuo>
used in the Middle Voice, means (a) "to consult," Luke 14:31; (b) "to resolve," John 12:10, AV, "consulted;" RV, "took counsel." See COUNSEL.

<A-2,Verb,4823,sumbouleuo>
"to take counsel together," is translated "consulted together," in Matt. 26:4, AV (RV, "took counsel.") See COUNSEL.

<B-1,Noun,4824,sumboulion>
a word of the Graeco-Roman period (akin to A, No. 2), "counsel, advice," is translated "consulation" in Mark 15:1 (with poieo, "to make"), "to hold a consultation;" elsewhere "counsel" in the RV, except in Acts 25:12, where, by metonymy, it means a "council." See COUNCIL.

Consume <1,,355,analisko>
"to use up, spend up, especially in a bad sense, to destroy," is said of the destruction of persons, (a) literally, Luke 9:54 and the RV marg. of 2 Thess. 2:8 (text, "shall slay"); (b) metaphorically, Gal. 5:15 "(that) ye be not consumed (one of another)."

<2,,2654,katanalisko>
"to consume utterly, wholly" (kata, intensive), is said, in Heb. 12:29, of God as "a consuming fire."

<3,,853,aphanizo>
lit., "to cause to disappear, put out of sight," came to mean "to do away with" (a, negative, phaino, "to cause to appear"), said of the destructive work of moth and rust, Matt. 6:19,20 (RV, "consume," AV, "corrupt"). See CORRUPT, DISFIGURE, PERISH, VANISH.

Note: Dapanao, "to expend, be at an expense," is translated "consume" in the AV of Jas. 4:3 (RV, "spend"). See SPEND.

Contain <1,,5562,choreo>
signifies (a), lit., "to give space, make room" (chora, "a place"); hence, transitively, "to have space or room for a thing, to contain," said of the waterpots as "containing" a certain quantity, John 2:6; of a space large enough to hold a number of people, Mark 2:2; of the world as not possible of "containing" certain books, John 21:25; (b) "to go," Matt. 15:17; "to have place," John 8:37; "to come," 2 Pet. 3:9; (c) metaphorically, "of receiving with the mind," Matt. 19:11,12; or "into the heart," 2 Cor. 7:2. See COME (No. 24), GO, PLACE, RECEIVE, ROOM.

<2,,4023,periecho>
lit., "to have round" (peri, "around," echo, "to have"), means "to encompass, enclose, contain," as a writing contains details, 1 Pet. 2:6. Some mss. have it in Acts 23:25, lit., "having this form" (the most authentic have echo, "to have"). For the secondary meaning, "amazed" (AV, "astonished"), Luke 5:9 (lit., "amazement encompassed," i.e., seized, him).

Notes: (1) The verb allegoreo in Gal. 4:24, RV, is translated "contain an allegory" (AV, "are an allegory"), i.e., they apply the facts of the narrative to illustrate principles. (2) In Eph. 2:15 "the law of commandments contained in ordinances" is, lit., "the law of commandments in ordinances." (3) In Rom. 2:14, the RV, translating literally, has "the things of the Law;" the AV inserts the words "contained in." (4) In 1 Cor. 7:9, for the AV, "if they cannot contain," see CONTINENCY.

Contemptible * For CONTEMPTIBLE see ACCOUNT No. 6

Contend (-ing) <1,,118,athleo>
"to engage in a contest" (cp. Eng., "athlete"), "to contend in public games," is used in 2 Tim. 2:5, RV, "contend in the games," for the AV, "strive for the masteries." See STRIVE.

Note: In 1 Cor. 9:25, the verb agonizomai, "to strive," is used in the same connection, RV, "striveth in the games." Cp. No. 3.

<2,,1252,diakrino>
lit., "to separate throughout or wholly" (dia, "asunder," krino, "to judge," from a root kri---, meaning "separation"), then, to distinguish, decide, signifies, in the Middle Voice, "to separate oneself from, or to contend with," as did the circumcisionists with Peter, Acts 11:2; as did Michael with Satan, Jude 1:9. See RV marg. of Jude 1:22, where the thought may be that of differing in opinion. See DIFFER, DISCERN, DOUBT, JUDGE, PARTIAL, STAGGER, WAVER.

<3,,1864,epagonizomai>
signifies "to contend about a thing, as a combatant" (epi, "upon or about," intensive, agon, "a contest"), "to contend earnestly," Jude 1:3. The word "earnestly" is added to convey the intensive force of the preposition.

Content (to be), Contentment <A-1,Verb,174,arkeo>
primarily signifies "to be sufficient, to be possessed of sufficient strength, to be strong, to be enough for a thing;" hence, "to defend, ward off;" in the Middle Voice, "to be satisfied, contented with," Luke 3:14, with wages; 1 Tim. 6:8, with food and raiment; Heb. 13:5, with "such things as ye have;" negatively of Diotrephes, in 3 John 1:10, "not content therewith." See ENOUGH, SUFFICE, SUFFICIENT.

<A-2,Verb,4909,suneudokeo>
in 1 Cor. 7:12,13, RV, signifies "to be content:" see CONSENT, No. 6.

<B-1,Adjective,842,autarkes>
as found in the papyri writings, means "sufficient in oneself" (autos, "self," arkeo, "see" A), "self-sufficient, adequate, needing no assistance;" hence, "content," Phil. 4:11.

<B-2,Adjective,2425,hikanos>
"sufficient," used with poieo, "to do," in Mark 15:15, is translated "to content (the multitude)," i.e., to do sufficient to satisfy them. See ABLE.

<C-1,Noun,841,autarkeia>
"contentment, satisfaction with what one has," is found in 1 Tim. 6:6. For its other meaning "sufficiency," in 2 Cor. 9:8, see SUFFICIENCY.

Contention, Contentious <1,,2054,eris>
"strife, quarrel," especially "rivalry, contention, wrangling," as in the church in Corinth, 1 Cor. 1:11, is translated "contentions" in Titus 3:9, AV. See DEBATE, STRIFE, VARIANCE.

<2,,3948,paroxusmos>
(Eng., "paroxysm"), lit., "a sharpening," hence "a sharpening of the feeling, or action" (para, "beside," intensive, oxus, "sharp"), denotes an incitement, a sharp contention, Acts 15:39, the effect of irritation; elsewhere in Heb. 10:24, "provoke," unto love. See PROVOKE.

<3,,5379,philoneikia>
lit., "love of strife" (phileo, "to love," neikos, "strife"), signifies "eagerness to contend;" hence, a "contention," said of the disciples, Luke 22:24. Cp. B, 2.

<4,Adjective,269,amachos>
lit., "not fighting" (a, negative, mache, "a fight, combat, quarrel"), primarily signifying "invincible," came to mean "not contentious," 1 Tim. 3:3, RV; Titus 3:2 (AV, "not a brawler," "no brawlers").

<5,Adjective,5380,philoneikos>
akin to A, No. 3, is used in 1 Cor. 11:16. In the Sept., Ezek. 3:7, "stubborn."

Notes: (1) Eritheia, "contention," AV, in Phil. 1:17, is translated "faction," in the RV. The phrase hoi ex eritheias, Rom. 2:8, lit., "those of strife," is rendered "contentious," in the AV; RV, "factious." See FACTIOUS, STRIFE.

(2) For agon, "a contest," "contention," 1 Thess. 2:2, AV; "conflict," RV, see CONFLICT.

Continency <1,,1467,enkrateuomai>
en, "in," kratos, "power, strength," lit., "to have power over oneself," is rendered "(if) they have (not) continency" (i.e., are lacking in self-control), in 1 Cor. 7:9, RV; AV, "can (not) contain;" in 1 Cor. 9:25, "is temperate." See TEMPERATE.

Continual, Continually (see also Continue) <A-1,Adverbial Phrase,1519 5056,eis telos> lit., "unto (the) end," signifies "continual," in Luke 18:5, of the importunate widow's applications to the unrighteous judge; see also Matt. 10:22; 24:13; Mark 13:13; John 13:1; 1 Thess. 2:16. Cp. heos telous, lit., "until the end," 1 Cor. 1:8; 2 Cor. 1:13; mechri telous, ditto, Heb. 3:6,14; achri telous, Heb. 6:11; Rev. 2:26.

<A-2,Adverbial Phrase,1275,dia pantos> is used of a "period throughout or during which anything is done;" it is said of the disciples' "continuance" in the Temple after the ascension of Christ, Luke 24:53; of the regular entrance of the priests into the first tabernacle, Heb. 9:6, RV (AV "always"); of the constant sacrifice of praise enjoined upon believers, Heb. 13:15. See also Matt. 18:10; Mark 5:5; Acts 10:2; 24:16; Rom. 11:10; 2 Thess. 3:16, "at all times." See ALWAYS, No. 3, and Note under No. 3 below).

<A-3,Adverbial Phrase,1519 1336,eis to dienekes> lit., "unto the carried-through" (dia, "through," enenka, "to carry"), i.e., unto (the) unbroken "continuance," is used of the continuous Priesthood of Christ, Heb. 7:3, and of the "continual" offering of sacrifices under the Law, Heb. 10:1. It is translated "for ever," in Heb. 10:12, of the everlasting session of Christ at the right hand of God; and in Heb. 10:14, of the everlasting effects of His sacrifice upon "them that are sanctified." See EVER.

Note: No. 2 indicates that a certain thing is done frequently throughout a period; No. 3 stresses the unbroken continuity of what is mentioned.

<B-1,Adjective,88,adialeiptos>
"continual, unceasing:" see CEASE, B.

Continue, Continuance <1,,1096,ginomai>
signifies (a) "to begin to be" (suggesting origin); (b) "to become" (suggesting entrance on a new state); (c) "to come to pass" (suggesting effect); hence with the meaning (c) it is translated "continued" in Acts 19:10. See ARISE.

<2,,1300,diateleo>
"to bring through to an end" (dia, "through," telos, "an end"), "to finish fully" or, when used of time, "continue right through," is said of "continuing" fasting up to the time mentioned, Acts 27:33.

<3,,3306,meno>
see ABIDE.

* Compounds of meno with this meaning, are as follows:

<4,,1265,diameno>
"to continue throughout," i.e., without interruption (No. 3 with dia, "through"), is said of the dumbness of Zacharias, Luke 1:22, AV, "remained;" of the "continuance" of the disciples with Christ, Luke 22:28; of the permanency of the truth of the Gospel with churches, Gal. 2:5; of the unchanged course of things, 2 Pet. 3:4; of the eternal permanency of Christ, Heb. 1:11. See REMAIN.

<5,,1696,emmeno>
"to remain in" (en, "in"), is used of "abiding in a house," Acts 28:30 (in the best mss.); of "continuing" in the faith, Acts 14:22; in the Law, Gal. 3:10; in God's covenant, Heb. 8:9.

<6,,1961,epimeno>
lit., "to remain on," i.e., in addiion to (epi, "upon," and No. 3), "to continue along still to adibe," is used of "continuing" to ask, John 8:7; to knock, Acts 12:16; in the grace of God, Acts 13:43; in sin, Rom. 6:1; in God's goodness, Rom. 11:22; in unbelief, Rom. 11:23 (AV, "abide"); in the flesh, Phil. 1:24; in the faith, Col. 1:23; in doctrine, 1 Tim. 4:16; elsewhere of abiding in a place. See ABIDE, TARRY.

<7,,3887,parameno>
"to remain by or near" (para, "beside," and No. 3), hence, "to continue or persevere in anything," is used of the inability of Levitical priests to "continue," Heb. 7:23; of persevering in the law of liberty, Jas. 1:25; it is translated "abide" in Phil. 1:25 (2nd clause, in the best mss.), RV (see Note (1)), and in 1 Cor. 16:6. See ABIDE.

<8,,4357,prosmeno>
"to remain with" (pros, "with," and No. 3), "to continue with a person," is said of the people with Christ, Matt. 15:32; Mark 8:2 (AV, "been with"); of "continuing" in supplications and prayers, 1 Tim. 5:5. See ABIDE, CLEAVE (unto), TARRY.

<9,,4342,proskartereo>
lit., "to be strong towards" (pros, "towards," used intensively, and kartereo, "to be strong"), "to endure in, or persevere in, to be continually steadfast with a person or thing," is used of "continuing" in prayer with others, Acts 1:14; Rom. 12:12; Col. 4:2; in the Apostles' teaching, Acts 2:42; in the Temple, Acts 2:46 ("continuing steadfastly," RV), the adverb representing the intensive preposition; in prayer and the ministry, Acts 6:4 (RV, "will continue steadfastly"); of Simon Magus with Philip, Acts 8:13. In Mark 3:9; Acts 10:7, it signifies "to wait on;" in Rom. 13:6, to attend "continually" upon. See ATTEND INSTANT, WAIT.

<10,,1273,dianuktereuo>
"to pass the night through" (dia, "through," nux, "a night"), "to continue all night," is found in Luke 6:12, of the Lord in spending all night in prayer.

Notes: (1) The following are translated by the verb "to continue," in the AV, in the places mentioned: diatribo, "to tarry," (according to inferior mss.) John 11:54; Acts 15:35 (RV, "tarried"); histemi, "to stand," Acts 26:22 (RV, "stand"): kathizo, "to sit down," Acts 18:11 (RV, "dwelt"): parateino, "to extend, stretch," Acts 20:7 (RV, "prolonged"); parameno, "to abide together with," Phil. 1:25, RV, "abide with;" the AV, "continue," translating sumparameno (in some mss.), marks the difference from the preceding meno. See ABIDE, No. 4.

(2) In Rom. 2:7, for AV, "patient continuance," the RV has "patience" (lit., "according to patience").

(3) In Rev. 13:5 poieo, "to do," is rendered "to continue."

Contradict, Contradiction <A-1,Verb,483,antilego>
lit., "to speak against" (anti, "against," lego, "to speak"), is translated "contradict" in Acts 13:45. See ANSWER, GAINSAY, SPEAK (against).

<B-1,Noun,485,antilogia>
akin to A, is translated "contradiction" in the AV of Heb. 7:7; 12:3, "dispute," and "gainsaying." See DISPUTE, GAINSAY, STRIFE.

Contrariwise <1,,5121,t'ounantion> for to enantion, "the contrary, on the contrary or contrariwise," is used in 2 Cor. 2:7; Gal. 2:7; 1 Pet. 3:9.

Contrary <A-1,Verb,480,antikeimai>
"to be contrary" (anti, "against," keimai, "to lie"), Gal. 5:17; 1 Tim. 1:10. See ADVERSARY.

<B-1,Preposition,3844,para>
"beside," has the meaning "contrary to" in Acts 18:13; Rom. 11:24; 16:17; "other than" in Gal. 1:8.

<B-2,Preposition,561,apenanti>
lit., "from over against, opposite to" (apo, "from," enantios, "against,"), is translated "contrary to" in Acts 17:7; "before" in Matt. 27:24; Rom. 3:18; "over against;" in Matt. 27:61; "in the presence of," in Acts 3:16.

Note: The most authentic mss. have katenanti, "over against," in Matt. 21:2.

<C-1,Adjective,1727,enantios>
"over against" (en, "in," antios, "against"), is used primarily of place, Mark 15:39; of an opposing wind, Matt. 14:24; Mark 6:48; Acts 27:4; metaphorically, opposed as an adversary, antagonistic, Acts 26:9; 1 Thess. 2:15; Titus 2:8; Acts 28:17, "against."

<C-2,Adjective,5227,hupenantios>
hupo, "under," and No. 1, opposite to, is used of "that which is contrary to persons," Col. 2:14, and as a noun, "adversaries," Heb. 10:27. See ADVERSARY.

Contribution <1,,2842,koinonia>
is twice rendered "contribution," Rom. 15:26; 2 Cor. 9:13, RV, (AV, "distribution"). See COMMUNION.

Controversy (without) <1,,3672,homologoumenos>
"confessedly, by common consent," akin to homologeo, "to confess" (homos, "same," lego, "to speak"), is rendered in 1 Tim. 3:16 "without controversy;" some translate it "confessedly." See CONFESS, A, No. 1, and B.

Convenient, Conveniently <A-1,Adjective,2121,eukairos>
lit., "well-timed" (eu, "well," kairos, "a time, season"), hence signifies "timely, opportune, convenient;" it is said of a certain day, Mark 6:21; elsewhere, Heb. 4:16, "in time of need." See NEED. Cp. eukairia, "opportunity," Matt. 26:16; Luke 22:6; eukaireo, "to have opportunity," Mark 6:31; Acts 17:21 ("they spent their time," marg. "had leisure for nothing else"); 1 Cor. 16:12. See OPPORTUNITY, NEED, C, Note.

<B-1,Adverb,2122,eukairos>
"conveniently," Mark 14:11, is used elsewhere in 2 Tim. 4:2, "in season." See SEASON, C.

<C-1,Verb,433,aneko>
is rendered "befitting" in Eph. 5:4, for AV, "convenient;" so in Philem. 1:8. See BEFIT.

<C-2,Verb,2520,katheko>
"to be fitting," is so translated in Rom. 1:28, RV; AV, "(not) convenient;" in Acts 22:22, "it is (not) fit." See FIT.

Conversation * This word is not used in the RV, as it does not now express the meaning of the words so translated in the AV. These are as follows:

<A-1,Noun,391,anastrophe>
see BEHAVIOR, B, No. 1.

<A-2,Noun,5158,tropos>
"a turning, a manner," is translated simply "be ye," RV in Heb. 13:5, instead of "let your conversation be." See MANNER, MEANS, WAY.

<A-3,Noun,4175,politeuma>
see CITIZENSHIP, No. 4.

<B-1,Verb,390,anastrepho>
see BEHAVE, A, No. 1.

<B-2,Verb,4176,politeuo>
see CITIZENSHIP, No. 4, Note.

Convert, Conversion <A-1,Verb,4762,strepho>
"to turn," is translated "be converted" in Matt. 18:3, AV. See TURN.

<A-2,Verb,1994,epistrepho>
"to turn about, turn towards" (epi, "towards" and No. 1), is used transitively, and so rendered "convert" (of causing a person to turn) in Jas. 5:19,20. Elsewhere, where the AV translates this verb, either in the Middle Voice and intransitive use, or the Passive, the RV adheres to the Middle Voice significance, and translates by "turn again," Matt. 13:15; Mark 4:12; Luke 22:32; Acts 3:19; 28:27. See COME (again), Note (4), GO (again), RETURN, TURN.

<B-1,Noun,1995,epistrophe>
akin to A, No. 2, "a turning about, or round, conversion," is found in Acts 15:3. The word implies "a turning from and a turning to;" corresponding to these are repentance and faith; cp. "turned to God from idols" (1 Thess. 1:9). Divine grace is the efficient cause, human agency the responding effect.

Convey <1,,1593,ekneuo>
primarily, "to bend to one side, to turn aside;" then "to take onself away, withdraw," is found in John 5:13, of Christ's "conveying" Himself away from one place to another. Some have regarded the verb as having the same meaning as ekneo, "to escape," as from peril, "slip away secretly;" but the Lord did not leave the place where He had healed the paralytic in order to escape danger, but to avoid the applause of the throng.

Convict (including the AV, Convince) <1,,1651,elencho>
signifies (a) "to convict, confute, refute," usually with the suggestion of putting the convicted person to shame; see Matt. 18:15, where more than telling the offender his fault is in view; it is used of "convicting" of sin, John 8:46; 16:8; gainsayers in regard to the faith, Titus 1:9; transgressors of the Law, Jas. 2:9; some texts have the verb in John 8:9; (b) "to reprove," 1 Cor. 14:24, RV (for AV, "convince"), for the unbeliever is there viewed as being reproved for, or "convicted" of, his sinful state; so in Luke 3:19; it is used of reproving works, John 3:20; Eph. 5:11,13; 1 Tim. 5:20; 2 Tim. 4:2; Titus 1:13; 2:15; all these speak of reproof by word of mouth. In Heb. 12:5; Rev. 3:19, the word is used of reproving by action. See FAULT, REBUKE, REPROVE.

<2,,1827,exelencho>
an intensive form of No. 1, "to convict thoroughly," is used of the Lord's future "conviction" of the ungodly, Jude 1:15.

Note: For diakatelencho, "to confute powerfully in disputation," Acts 18:28 (AV, "convinced"), see CONFUTE.

Cool <1,,2711,katapsucho>
Luke 16:24, denotes "to cool off, make cool" (kata, "down," psucho, "to cool"). In the Sept., Gen. 18:4.

Coppersmith * For COPPERSMITH see under BRASS

Copy <1,,5262,hupodeigma>
from hupo, "under," deiknumi, "to show," properly denotes "what is shown below or privately;" it is translated "example," Heb. 8:5, AV (RV, "copy"). It signifies (a) a sign suggestive of anything, the delineation or representation of a thing, and so, a figure, "copy;" in Heb. 9:23 the RV has "copies," for the AV, "patterns;" (b) an example for imitation, John 13:15; Jas. 5:10; for warning, Heb. 4:11; 2 Pet. 2:6 (AV "ensample"). See EXAMPLE, PATTERN.

Note: Cp. hupogrammos (hupo, "under," grapho, "to write"), "an underwriting, a writing copy, an example," is used in 1 Pet. 2:21.

Corban <1,,2878,korban>
signifies (a) "an offering," and was a Hebrew term for any sacrifice, whether by the shedding of blood or otherwise; (b) "a gift offered to God," Mark 7:11. Jews were much addicted to rash vows; a saying of the rabbis was, "It is hard for the parents, but the law is clear, vows must be kept." The Sept. translates the word by doron, "a gift." See korbanas, under TREASURY, Matt. 27:6.

Cord <1,,4979,schoinion>
"a cord or rope," a diminutive of schoinos, "a rush, bulrush," meant a "cord" made of rushes; it denotes (a) "a small cord," John 2:15 (plural), (b) "a rope," Acts 27:32. See ROPE.

Corn, Cornfield <1,,4621,sitos>
"wheat, corn;" in the plural, "grain," is translated "corn" in Mark 4:28; "wheat," Matt. 3:12; 13:25,29,30; Luke 3:17; 12:18 (some mss. have genemata, "fruits," here); Luke 16:7; 22:31; John 12:24; Acts 27:38; 1 Cor. 15:37; Rev. 6:6; 18:13. See WHEAT.

<2,,4621,sition>
"corn, grain," a diminutive of No. 1, is found in Acts 7:12.

<3,,4702,sporimos>
lit., "sown, or fit for sowing" (speiro "to sow, scatter seed"), denotes, in the plural, "sown fields, fields of grain, cornfields," Matt. 12:1, RV; Mark 2:23; Luke 6:1 (cp. spora, 1 Pet. 1:23, and sporos, "seed").

<4,,4719,stachus>
means "an ear of grain," Matt. 12:1; Mark 2:23; 4:28; Luke 6:1. Cp. the name Stachys in Rom. 16:9.

Notes: (1) Aloao, "to thresh," from alon, "a threshing-floor," is translated "treadeth out (the) corn," in 1 Cor. 9:9,10; 1 Tim. 5:18. Cp. THRESH, TREAD.

(2) Kokkos, "a grain" (its regular meaning), is translated "corn" in the AV of John 12:24 (RV, "grain"). See GRAIN.

Corner, Cornerstone <1,,1137,gonia>
"an angle" (Eng., "coign"), signifies (a) "an external angle," as of the "corner" of a street, Matt. 6:5; or of a building, 21:42; Mark 12:10; Luke 20:17; Acts 4:11; 1 Pet. 2:7, "the corner stone or head-stone of the corner" (see below); or the four extreme limits of the earth, Rev. 7:1; 20:8; (b) "an internal corner," a secret place, Acts 26:26. See QUARTER.

<2,,746,arche>
"a beginning" (its usual meaning), "first in time, order, or place," is used to denote the extremities or "corners" of a sheet, Acts 10:11; 11:5. See BEGINNING.

Note: For the adjective akrogoniaios (from akros, "extreme, highest," and No. 1), "a chief corner stone," see CHIEF. They were laid so as to give strength to the two walls with which they were connected. So Christ unites Jew and Gentile, Eph. 2:20; again, as one may carelessly stumble over the "corner stone," when turning the "corner," so Christ proved a stumbling stone to Jews, 1 Pet. 2:6.

Corpse <1,,4430,ptoma>
see BODY, No. 3.

Correct, Correction, Corrector, Correcting <A-1,Noun,1357,diorthoma>
signifies "a reform, amendment, correction," lit., "a making straight" (dia, "through," orthoo, "to make straight"). In Acts 24:2, lit., "reformations come about (or take place, lit., 'become')," the RV has "evils are corrected," AV, "worthy deeds are done;" there is no word for "worthy" or for "deeds" in the original. Some texts have katorthoma, which has the same meaning. See diorthosis, "reformation," Heb. 9:10.

<A-2,Noun,1882,epanorthosis>
lit., "a restoration to an upright or right state" (epi, "to," ana, "up, or again," and orthoo, see No. 1), hence, "correction," is used of the Scripture in 2 Tim. 3:16, referring to improvement of life and character.

<A-3,Noun,3810,paideutes>
has two meanings, corresponding to the two meanings of the verb paideuo (see below) from which it is derived, (a) "a teacher, preceptor, corrector," Rom. 2:20 (AV, "instructor"), (b) "a chastiser," Heb. 12:9, rendered "to chasten" (AV, "which corrected;" lit., "chastisers"). See INSTRUCTOR.

<B-1,Verb,381,paideuo>
"to train up a child" (pais), is rendered "correcting" in 2 Tim. 2:25, RV, AV, "instructing." See CHASTEN.

Corrupt, Verb and Adjective. Corruption, Corruptible, Incorruption, Incorruptible <A-1,Verb,2585,kapeleuo>
primarily signifies "to be a retailer, to peddle, to hucksterize" (from kapelos, "an inn-keeper, a petty retailer, especially of wine, a huckster, peddler," in contrast to emporos, "a merchant"); hence, "to get base gain by dealing in anything," and so, more generally, "to do anything for sordid personal advantage." It is found in 2 Cor. 2:17, with reference to the ministry of the Gospel. The significance can be best ascertained by comparison and contrast with the verb doloo in 2 Cor. 4:2 (likewise there only in the NT), "to handle deceitfully." The meanings are not identical. While both involve the deceitful dealing of adulterating the word of truth, kapeleuo has the broader significance of doing so in order to make dishonest gain. Those to whom the Apostle refers in 2 Cor. 2:17 are such as make merchandise of souls through covetousness (cp. Titus 1:11; 2 Pet. 2:3,14,15; Jude 1:11,16; Ezek. 13:19); accordingly "hucksterizing" would be the most appropriate rendering in this passage, while "handling deceitfully" is the right meaning in 2 Cor. 4:2. See Trench, Syn. lxii. In Isa. 1:22, the Sept. has "thy wine-merchants" (kapeloi, "hucksterizers").

<A-2,Verb,5351,phtheiro>
signifies "to destroy by means of corrupting," and so "bringing into a worse state;" (a) with this significance it is used of the effect of evil company upon the manners of believers, and so of the effect of association with those who deny the truth and hold false doctrine, 1 Cor. 15:33 (this was a saying of the pagan poet Menander, which became a well known proverb); in 2 Cor. 7:2, of the effects of dishonorable dealing by bringing people to want (a charge made against the Apostle); in 2 Cor. 11:3, of the effects upon the minds (or thoughts) of believers by "corrupting" them "from the simplicity and the purity that is toward Christ;" in Eph. 4:22, intransitively, of the old nature in waxing "corrupt," "morally decaying, on the way to final ruin" (Moule), "after the lusts of deceit;" in Rev. 19:2, metaphorically, of the Babylonish harlot, in "corrupting" the inhabitants of the earth by her false religion.

(b) With the significance of destroying, it is used of marring a local church by leading it away from that condition of holiness of life and purity of doctrine in which it should abide, 1 Cor. 3:17 (AV, "defile"), and of God's retributive destruction of the offender who is guilty of this sin (id.); of the effects of the work of false and abominable teachers upon themselves, 2 Pet. 2:12 (some texts have kataphtheiro; AV, "shall utterly perish"), and Jude 1:10 (AV, "corrupt themselves." RV, marg., "are corrupted"). See DEFILE and DESTROY.

<A-3,Verb,1311,diaphtheiro>
dia, "through," intensive, and No. 2, "to corrupt utterly, through and through," is said of men "corrupted in mind," whose wranglings result from the doctrines of false teachers, 1 Tim. 6:5 (the AV wrongly renders it as an adjective, "corrupt"). It is translated "destroyeth" instead of "corrupteth," in the RV of Luke 12:33, of the work of a moth; in Rev. 8:9, of the effect of Divine judgments hereafter upon navigation; in Rev. 11:18, of the Divine retribution of destruction upon those who have destroyed the earth; in 2 Cor. 4:16 it is translated "is decaying," said of the human body. See DESTROY, PERISH.

<A-4,Verb,2704,kataphtheiro>
kata, "down," intensive, and No. 2, is said of men who are reprobate concerning the faith, "corrupted in mind" (AV, "corrupt"), 2 Tim. 3:8. For 2 Pet. 2:12, RV, "shall be destroyed," see No. 2.

<A-5,Verb,4595,sepo>
signifies "to make corrupt, to destroy;" in the Passive Voice with Middle sense, "to become corrupt or rotten, to perish," said of riches, Jas. 5:2, of the gold and silver of the luxurious rich who have ground down their laborers. The verb is derived from a root signifying "to rot off, drop to pieces."

<A-6,Verb,853,aphanizo>
see CONSUME, No. 3.

<B-1,Noun,5356,phthora>
connected with phtheiro, No. 2, above, signifies "a bringing or being brought into an inferior or worse condition, a destruction or corruption." It is used (a) physically, (1), of the condition of creation, as under bondage, Rom. 8:21; (2) of the effect of the withdrawal of life, and so of the condition of the human body in burial, 1 Cor. 15:42; (3) by metonymy, of anything which is liable to "corruption," 1 Cor. 15:50; (4) of the physical effects of merely gratifying the natural desires and ministering to one's own needs or lusts, Gal. 6:8, to the flesh in contrast to the Spirit, "corruption" being antithetic to "eternal life;" (5) of that which is naturally short-lived and transient, Col. 2:22, "perish;" (b) of the death and decay of beasts, 2 Pet. 2:12, RV, "destroyed" (first part of verse; lit., "unto ... destruction"); (c) ethically, with a moral significance, (1) of the effect of lusts, 2 Pet. 1:4; (2) of the effect upon themselves of the work of false and immoral teachers, 2 Pet. 2:12, RV, "destroying;" AV, "corruption," and 2 Pet. 2:19. See DESTROY, PERISH.

Note: There is nothing in any of these words suggesting or involving annihilation.

<B-2,Noun,1312,diaphthora>
an intensified form of No. 1, "utter or thorough corruption," referring in the NT to physical decomposition and decay, is used six times, five of which refer, negatively, to the body of God's "Holy One," after His death, which body, by reason of His absolute holiness, could not see "corruption," Acts 2:27,31; 13:34,35,37; once it is used of a human body, that of David, which, by contrast, saw "corruption," Acts 13:36.

<B-3,Noun,861,aphtharsia>
"incorruption," a, negative, with A, No. 2, is used (a) of the resurrection body, 1 Cor. 15:42,50,53,54; (b) of a condition associated with glory and honor and life, including perhaps a moral significance, Rom. 2:7; 2 Tim. 1:10; this is wrongly translated "immortality" in the AV; (c) of love to Christ, that which is sincere and undiminishing, Eph. 6:24 (translated "uncorruptness"). See IMMORTALITY, SINCERITY.

Note: For Titus 2:7 (where some texts have aphtharsia), see No. 4.

<B-4,Noun,5356,aphthoria>
similar to No. 3, "uncorruptness, free from (moral) taint," is said of doctrine, Titus 2:7 (some texts have adiaphthoria, the negative form of No. 2, above).

<C-1,Adjective,5349,phthartos>
"corruptible," akin to A, No. 2, is used (a) of man as being mortal, liable to decay (in contrast to God), Rom. 1:23; (b) of man's body as death-doomed, 1 Cor. 15:53,54; (c) of a crown of reward at the Greek games, 1 Cor. 9:25; (d) of silver and gold, as specimens or "corruptible" things, 1 Pet. 1:18; (e) of natural seed, 1 Pet. 1:23.

<C-2,Adjective,862,apthartos>
"not liable to corruption or decay, incorruptible" (a, negative, and A, No. 2), is used of (a) God, Rom. 1:23; 1 Tim 1:17 (AV, "immortal"); (b) the raised dead, 1 Cor. 15:52; (c) rewards given to the saints hereafter, metaphorically described as a "crown," 1 Cor. 9:25; (d) the eternal inheritance of the saints, 1 Pet. 1:4; (e) the Word of God, as incorruptible" seed, 1 Pet. 1:23; (f) a meek and quiet spirit, metaphorically spoken of as "incorruptible" apparel, 1 Pet. 3:4. See IMMORAL.

<C-3,Adjective,4550,sapros>
"corrupt," akin to sepo, A, No. 5; see BAD No. 3.

Note: (1) Trench, Syn. lxviii, contrasts this with amarantos, and amarantinos, "unwithering, not fading away," 1 Pet. 1:4; 5:4. These are, however, distinct terms (see FADE) and are not strictly synonymous, though used in the same description of the heavenly inheritance.

Cost, Costliness, Costly <A-1,Noun,1160,dapane>
"expense, cost" (from dapto, "to tear;" from a root dap, meaning "to divide"), is found in Luke 14:28, in the Lord's illustration of counting the "cost" of becoming His disciple. Cp. dapanao, "to spend," and its compounds, under CHARGE, SPEND.

<A-2,Noun,5094,timiotes>
"costliness" (from timios, "valued at great price, precious;" see No. 3, below), is connected with time, "honor, price," and used in Rev. 18:19, in reference to Babylon.

<B-1,Adjective,5093,timios>
akin to A, No. 2, is translated "costly" in 1 Cor. 3:12, of "costly" stones, in a metaphorical sense (AV, "precious"). Cp. Rev. 17:4; 18:12,16; 21:19. See DEAR, HONORABLE, PRECIOUS, REPUTATION.

<B-2,Adjective,4185,poluteles>
primarily, "the very end or limit" (from polus, "much," telos, "revenue"), with reference to price, of highest "cost," very expensive, is said of spikenard, Mark 14:3; raiment, 1 Tim. 2:9; metaphorically, of a meek and quiet spirit, 1 Pet. 3:4, "of great price;" cp. No. 1 and A, No. 2, above. See PRECIOUS, PRICE.

<B-3,Adjective,4186,polutimos>
lit., "of great value" (see A, No. 2 and B, No. 1), is used of a pearl, Matt. 13:46; of spikenard, John 12:3 (RV, "very precious," AV "very costly"). See PRICE. The comparative polutimo(v.l.io)teros, "much more precious," is used in 1 Pet. 1:7.

Couch <1,,2826,klinidion>
"a small bed," a diminutive form of kline, "a bed" (from klino, "to incline, recline"), is used in Luke 5:19,24 of the "bed" (kline, in ver. 18) on which the palsied man was brought. See BED.

<2,,2895,krabbatos>
see BED, No. 4.

Could <1,,2192,echo>
"to have," is rendered "could" in Mark 14:8, "she hath done what she could," lit., "she hath done what she had." See HAVE.

<2,,2480,ischuo>
"to have strength," is translated in Mark 14:37 "couldest thou not." See ABLE.

Notes: (1) Emblepo in Acts 22:11, lit., "I was not seeing," is translated "I could not see." See BEHOLD.

(2) See CAN, when not used as part of another verb.

Council, Councillor <1,,4824,sumboulion>
"a uniting in counsel" (sun, "together," boule, "counsel, advice"), denotes (a) "counsel" which is given, taken and acted upon, e.g., Matt. 12:14, RV, "took counsel," for AV, "held a council;" Matt. 22:15; hence (b) "a council," an assembly of counsellors or persons in consultation, Acts 25:12, of the "council" with which Festus conferred concerning Paul. The governors and procurators of provinces had a board of advisers or assessors, with whom they took "counsel," before pronouncing judgment. See CONSULTATION.

<2,,4892,sunedrion>
properly, "a settling together" (sun, "together," hedra, "a seat"), hence, (a) "any assembly or session of persons deliberating or adjusting," as in the Sept. of Ps. 26:4 (lit., "with a council of vanity"); Prov. 22:10; Jer. 15:17, etc.; in the NT, e.g., Matt. 10:17; Mark 13:9; John 11:47, in particular, it denoted (b) "the Sanhedrin," the Great Council at Jerusalem, consisting of 71 members, namely, prominent members of the families of the high priest, elders and scribes. The Jews trace the origin of this to Num. 11:16. The more important causes came up before this tribunal. The Roman rulers of Judea permitted the Sanhedrin to try such cases, and even to pronounce sentence of death, with the condition that such a sentence should be valid only if confirmed by the Roman procurator. In John 11:47, it is used of a meeting of the Sanhedrin; in Acts 4:15, of the place of meeting.

<3,,1010,bouleutes>
Joseph of Arimathaea is described as "a councillor of honorable estate," Mark 15:43, RV; cp. Luke 23:50 (not as AV, "counsellor").

Counsel <A-1,Noun,1012,boule>
see under ADVICE.

<A-2,Noun,4825,sumboulos>
"a councillor with," occurs in Rom. 11:34.

<B-1,Verb,1011,bouleuo>
"to take counsel, to resolve," is used in the Middle Voice in the NT, "took counsel" in Acts 5:33, AV (RV translates boulomai); both in 27:39; in Luke 14:31, RV "take counsel" (AV, "consulteth"); in John 11:53, AV and RV (so the best mss.); John 12:10, RV, "took counsel," for AV, "consulted;" in 2 Cor. 1:17 (twice), "purpose." See CONSULT, MINDED, PURPOSE.

<B-2,Verb,4823,sumbouleuo>
in the Active Voice, "to advise, to counsel," John 18:14, "gave counsel;" in Rev. 3:18, "I counsel;" in the Middle Voice, "to take cousel, consult," Matt. 26:4, RV, "took counsel together," for AV, "consulted;" Acts 9:23, "took counsel" (RV adds "together"); in some mss. John 11:53. See CONSULT.

Count <1,,2192,echo>
"to have, to hold;" then, "to hold in the mind, to regard, to count," has this significance in Matt. 14:5, "they counted Him as a prophet;" Philem. 1:17, "If then thou countest me a partner;" Mark 11:32, AV, (RV, "hold"); Acts 20:24, AV. See ABLE.

<2,,2233,hegeomai>
primarily, "to lead the way;" hence, "to lead before the mind, account," is found with this meaning in Phil. 2:3, RV (AV, "esteem"); Phil. 2:6, RV (AV, "thought"); Phil. 2:25 (AV, "supposed"); Phil. 3:7,8; 2 Thess. 3:15; 1 Tim. 1:12; 6:1; Heb. 10:29; Jas. 1:2; Heb. 11:11 (AV, "judged"); 2 Pet. 2:13; 3:9. See ACCOUNT.

<3,,3049,logizomai>
"to reckon," is rendered "count" in 2 Cor. 10:2, RV (AV, "think"); "counted" in the AV of Rom. 2:26; 4:3,5; 9:8 (RV, "reckoned").

<4,,5585,psephizo>
akin to psephos, "a stone," used in voting, occurs in Luke 14:28; Rev. 13:18.

<5,,4860,sumpsephizo>
"to count up," occurs in Acts 19:19.

Note: In Jas. 5:11, makarizo, "to pronounce blessed," is rendered "count ... happy," AV (RV, "call ..."). For kataxioo see ACCOUNT, No. 5. For "descent is counted" see GENEALOGY.

Countenance <1,,3799,opsis>
only Rev. 1:16 has "countenance." See APPEARANCE.

<2,,4383,prosopon>
is translated "countenance" in Luke 9:29; Acts 2:28, and in the AV of 2 Cor. 3:7 (RV, "face"). See APPEARANCE.

<3,,2397,eidea>
akin to eidon, "to see:" see APPEARANCE.

Notes: (1) In Acts 13:24 prosopon is translated "before" (lit., "before the presence of His coming").

(2) Skuthropos, "of a sad countenance" (skuthros, "gloomy, sad," ops, "an eye"), is used in Matt. 6:16; Luke 24:17, "sad."

(3) Stugnazo, "to be or become hateful, gloomy, in aspect," is translated "his countenance fell," Mark 10:22, RV (AV, "he was sad"). It is used of the heaven or sky in Matt. 16:3, "lowring." See LOWRING.

Country <A-1,Noun,68,agros>
denotes "a field, especially a cultivated field;" hence, "the country" in contrast to the town (Eng., "agrarian, agriculture"), e.g., Mark 5:14; 6:36; 15:21; 16:12; Luke 8:34; 9:12 (plural, lit., "fields"); 23:26; a piece of ground, e.g., Mark 10:29; Acts 4:37. See FARM.

<A-2,Noun,3968,patris>
primarily signifies "one's fatherland, native country, of one's own town," Matt. 13:54,57; Mark 6:1,4; Luke 4:23,24; John 4:44; Heb. 11:14.

<A-3,Noun,5561,chora>
properly denotes "the space lying between two limits or places;" accordingly it has a variety of meanings: "country," Matt. 2:12; 8:28; Mark 1:5, RV (AV, "land"); Mark 5:1,10; Luke 2:8; 8:26; 15:13,14, RV (AV, "land"), Luke 15:15; 19:12; 21:21; Acts 10:39, RV (AV, "land"); Acts 12:20; 26:20, RV (AV, "coasts"); Acts 27:27; in Mark 6:55 (in the best mss.) and Acts 18:23, RV, "region." See COAST, FIELD, GROUND, LAND, REGION.

<A-4,Noun,4066,perichoros>
peri, "around," and No. 3, signifies "country round about," Luke 8:37; "country about," Luke 3:3, AV (RV, "region round about"); in Matt. 14:35; Luke 4:37, AV, "country round about" (RV, "region round about"); Matt. 3:5; Mark 1:28; Luke 4:14; 7:17; Acts 14:6. See REGION.

<A-5,Noun,3313,meros>
"a part," is rendered "country" in Acts 19:1, RV.

Note: Some inferior mss. have No. 4 in Mark 6:55, for No. 3.

<B-1,Adjective,510,anoterikos>
"upper," is used in the plural in Acts 19:1, to denote "upper regions," with AV, "coast," RV, "country," i.e., the high central plateau, in contrast to the roundabout way by the river through the valley. See COAST.

<B-2,Adjective,3714,oreinos>
"hilly" (from oros, "a hill, mountain"), is translated "hill country" in Luke 1:39,65.

<C-1,Verb,589,apodemeo>
signifies "to go or travel into a far country," lit., "to be away from one's people" (apo, "from," demos, "a people"), Matt. 21:33; 25:14; in Matt 25:15 the verb is translated in the RV, "went on his journey" (AV, "took his journey"); Mark 12:1; Luke 20:9, "went into another country," RV. In Luke 15:13 both versions translate by "took his journey" ("into a far country" being separately expressed); see JOURNEY. Cp. apodemos, lit., "away from one's own people, gone abroad," Mark 13:34.

Notes: (1) Ge, "earth, land," is translated "country" in the AV of Matt. 9:31; Acts 7:3; RV, "land." See LAND.

(2) Genos, "a race," is mistranslated "country" in the AV of Acts 4:36 (RV, "by race"). See below.

Countrymen <1,,1085,genos>
properly denotes "an offspring;" then, "a family;" then, "a race, nation;" otherwise, "a kind or species;" it is translated "countrymen," in 2 Cor. 11:26, in Paul's reference to his fellow-nationals; so in Gal. 1:14, RV, for AV, "nation." See BEGET.

<2,,4853,sumphuletes>
lit., "a fellow-tribesman" (sun, "with," phule, "a tribe, race, nation, people"), hence, one who is of the same people, a fellow-countryman, is found in 1 Thess. 2:14.

Coupled * Note: The word "coupled" is inserted in italics in 1 Pet. 3:2, the more adequately to express the original, which is, lit., "your chaste behavior in fear."

Courage <A-1,Noun,2294,tharsos>
akin to tharseo, "to be of good cheer," is found in Acts 28:15.

<B-1,Verb,2292,tharreo>
is translated by some form of the verb "to be of good courage," in the RV in five of the six places where it is used: 2 Cor. 5:6, "being of good courage" (AV, "we are ... confident"); 2 Cor. 5:8, "we are of good courage" (AV, "we are confident"); 2 Cor. 7:16, "I am of good courage" (AV, "I have confidence"); 2 Cor. 10:1, "I am of good courage" (AV, "I am bold"); 2 Cor. 10:2, "show courage" (AV, "be bold"); Heb. 13:6, "with good courage," lit., "being of good courage" (AV, "boldly"). See BOLD, CONFIDENCE.

Note: Tharreo is a later form of tharseo. Cp. tolmao, "to be bold."

Course <A-1,Noun,165,aion>
"an age" (see AGE), is sometimes wrongly spoken of as a "dispensation," which does not mean a period of time, but a mode of dealing. It is translated "course" in Eph. 2:2, "the course of this world," i.e., the cycle or present round of things. See AGE, ETERNAL, EVER, WORLD.

<A-2,Noun,1408,dromos>
properly, "a running, a race" (from edramon, "to run"), hence, metaphorically, denotes "a career, course of occupation, or of life," viewed in a special aspect, Acts 13:25; 20:24; 2 Tim. 4:7.

<A-3,Noun,2183,ephemeria>
primarily, "daily service," as, e.g., in the Sept. of 2 Chron. 13:11 (from epi, "upon, or by," hemera, "a day," Eng., "ephemeral"), hence denoted a "class," or "course," into which the priests were divided for the daily service in the Temple, each "class" serving for seven days (see 1 Chron. 9:25). In the NT it is used in Luke 1:5,8.

Note: Cp. ephemeros, "daily (food)," Jas. 2:15.

<A-4,Noun,5164,trochos>
"a wheel," is translated "wheel" in Jas. 3:6, RV, with metaphorical reference to the round of human activity (AV, "course"), as a glowing axle would set on fire the whole wooden wheel.

<B-1,Verb,5562,choreo>
"to make room for, to go forward," is rendered "hath not free course," in John 8:37, RV (AV, "hath no place"). See COME, No. 24.

Notes: (1) Connected with dromos, A, No. 2, is euthudromeo, "to make (or run) a straight course" (euthus, "straight"), Acts 16:11; 21:1. (2) In 2 Thess. 3:1, trecho, "to run" (RV), is translated "have free course" (AV). (3) In 1 Cor. 14:27, ana meros, "by turn," "in turn" (RV), is rendered "by course" (AV). (4) For ploos, "a sailing or voyage, course," Acts 21:7, AV (RV, "voyage"), see VOYAGE.

Court <1,,60,agoraios>
is an adjective, "signifying pertaining to the agora, any place of public meeting, and especially where trials were held," Acts 19:38; the RV translates the sentence "the courts are open;" a more literal rendering is "court days are kept." In Acts 17:5 it is translated in the RV, "rabble;" AV, "baser sort," lit., "frequenters of the markets." See BASER.

<2,,833,aule>
primarily, "an uncovered space around a house, enclosed by a wall, where the stables were," hence was used to describe (a) "the courtyard of a house;" in the OT it is used of the "courts" of the tabernacle and Temple; in this sense it is found in the NT in Rev. 11:2; (b) "the courts in the dwellings of well-to-do folk," which usually had two, one exterior, between the door and the street (called the proaulion, or "porch," Mark 14:68), the other, interior, surrounded by the buildings of the dwellings, as in Matt. 26:69 (in contrast to the room where the judges were sitting); Mark 14:66; Luke 22:55; AV, "hall;" RV "court" gives the proper significance, Matt. 26:3,58; Mark 14:54; 15:16 (RV, "Praetorium"); Luke 11:21; John 18:15. It is here to be distinguished from the Praetorium, translated "palace." See HALL, PALACE. For the other meaning "sheepfold," John 10:1,16, see FOLD.

<3,,933,basileion>
an adjective meaning "royal," signifies, in the neuter plural, "a royal palace," translated "kings' courts" in Luke 7:25; in the singular, 1 Pet. 2:9, "royal." See ROYAL.

Courteous, Courteously <A-1,Adjective,5391,tapeinophron>
"lowly-minded," is used in 1 Pet. 3:8, "be courteous," AV (RV, "humble-minded").

<B-1,Adverb,5390,philophronos>
lit., "friendly," or, more fully, "with friendly thoughtfulness" (philos, "friend," phren, "the mind"), is found in Acts 28:7, of the hospitality showed by Publius to Paul and his fellow-shipwrecked travelers. Note: Some mss. have the corresponding adjective philophron, "courteous," in 1 Pet. 3:8; the most authentic mss. have tapeinophron, "humble-minded."

<B-2,Adverb,5364,philanthropos>
is translated "courteously" in Acts 27:3, AV; RV, "kindly" (Eng., "philanthropically"). See KINDLY.