<2,,1660,eleusis>
"a coming" (from erchomai, "to come"), is found in Acts 7:52.

<3,,3952,parousia>
lit., "a presence," para, "with," and ousia, "being" (from eimi, "to be"), denotes both an "arrival" and a consequent "presence with." For instance, in a papyrus letter a lady speaks of the necessity of her parousia in a place in order to attend to matters relating to her property there. Paul speaks of his parousia in Philippi, Phil. 2:12 (in contrast to his apousia, "his absence;" see ABSENCE). Other words denote "the arrival" (see eisodos and eleusis, above). Parousia is used to describe the presence of Christ with His disciples on the Mount of Transfiguration, 2 Pet. 1:16. When used of the return of Christ, at the Rapture of the Chruch, it signifies, not merely His momentary "coming" for His saints, but His presence with them from that moment until His revelation and manifestation to the world. In some passages the word gives prominence to the beginning of that period, the course of the period being implied, 1 Cor. 15:23; 1 Thess. 4:15; 5:23; 2 Thess. 2:1; Jas. 5:7,8; 2 Pet. 3:4. In some, the course is prominent, Matt. 24:3,37; 1 Thess. 3:13; 1 John 2:28; in others the conclusion of the period, Matt. 24:27; 2 Thess. 2:8.

The word is also used of the Lawless One, the Man of Sin, his access to power and his doings in the world during his parousia, 2 Thess. 2:9. In addition to Phil. 2:12 (above), it is used in the same way of the Apostle, or his companions, in 1 Cor. 16:17; 2 Cor. 7:6,7; 10:10; Phil. 1:26; of the Day of God, 2 Pet. 3:12. See PRESENCE.

Note: The word apokalupsis, rendered "coming" in 1 Cor. 1:7, AV, denotes a "revelation" (RV). For a fuller treatment of Parousia, see Notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 87,88.

Command (Verbs) <1,,1299,diatasso>
signifies "to set in order, appoint, command," Matt. 11:1; Luke 8:55; 17:9,10; Acts 18:2; 23:31; "gave order," 1 Cor. 16:1, RV. So in Acts 24:23, where it is in the Middle Voice. See APPOINT, No. 6.

<2,,2036,epo>
denotes "to speak" (connected with eipon, "to say"); hence, among various renderings, "to bid, command," Matt. 4:3; Mark 5:43; 8:7; Luke 4:3; 19:15. See BID.

Note: In 2 Cor. 4:6, the RV rightly has "said," followed by the quotation "Light shall shine out of darkness."

<3,,1781,entello>
signifies "to enjoin upon, to charge with;" it is used in the Middle Voice in the sense of commanding, Matt. 19:7; 28:20; Mark 10:3; 13:34; John 8:5; 15:14,17; Acts 13:47; Heb. 9:20; 11:22, "gave commandment." See CHARGE, ENJOIN.

<4,,2004,epitasso>
signifies to appoint over, put in charge (epi, "over," tasso, "to appoint"); then, "to put upon one as a duty, to enjoin," Mark 1:27; 6:27,39; 9:25; Luke 4:36; 8:25,31; 14:22; Acts 23:2; Philem. 1:8. See CHARGE, ENJOIN.

<5,,2753,keleuo>
"to urge, incite, order," suggests a stronger injunction than No. 6, Matt. 14:9,19; 15:35; 18:25; 27:58,64; Luke 18:40; Acts 4:15 (frequently in Acts, not subsequently in the NT). See BID.

<6,,3853,parangello>
"to announce beside" (para, "beside," angello, "to announce"), "to pass on an announcement," hence denotes "to give the word, order, give a charge, command," e.g., Mark 6:8; Luke 8:29; 9:21; Acts 5:28; 2 Thess. 3:4,6,10,12. See CHARGE, B, No. 8.

<7,,4367,prostasso>
denotes "to arrange or set in order towards" (pros, "towards," tasso, "to arrange"); hence "to prescribe, give command," Matt. 1:24; 8:4; Mark 1:44; Luke 5:14; Acts 10:33,48. For Matt. 21:6 see Note (3) below. See BID.

Notes: (1) In Rev. 9:4, rheo, "to speak," is translated "said" in the RV (AV, "commanded"). (2) in Heb. 12:20 diastellomai, "to charge, enjoin" (so in the RV), is rendered "commanded" in the AV. (3) in Matt. 21:6, the RV, translating suntasso, as in the best mss., has "appointed," AV, "commanded."

Commandment <1,,1297,diatagma>
signifies "that which is imposed by decree or law," Heb. 11:23. It stresses the concrete character of the "commandment" more than epitage (No. 4). Cp. COMMAND, No. 1. For the verb in Heb 11:22 see No. 3 under COMMAND.

<2,,1785,entole>
akin to No. 3, above, denotes, in general, "an injunction, charge, precept, commandment." It is the most frequent term, and is used of moral and religious precepts, e.g., Matt. 5:19; it is frequent in the Gospels, especially that of John, and in his Epistles. See also, e.g., Acts 17:15; Rom. 7:8-13; 13:9; 1 Cor. 7:19; Eph. 2:15; Col. 4:10. See PRECEPT.

<3,,1778,entalma>
akin to No. 2, marks more especially "the thing commanded, a commission;" in Matt. 15:9; Mark 7:7; Col. 2:22, RV, "precepts," AV, "commandments." See PRECEPT.

<4,,2003,epitage>
akin to No. 4, above, stresses "the authoritativeness of the command;" it is used in Rom. 16:26; 1 Cor. 7:6,25; 2 Cor. 8:8; 1 Tim. 1:1; Tit. 1:3; 2:15. See AUTHORITY.

Notes: (1) For parangelia (cp. parangello, above), "a proclamation," see CHARGE. (2) In Rev. 22:14 the RV, "wash their robes" (for AV, "do His commandments") follows the most authentic mss.

Commend, Commendation <A-1,Verb,1867,epaineo>
"to praise," is an intensive form of aineo, Luke 16:8. It is elsewhere translated by the verb "to praise," in the RV, Rom. 15:11; 1 Cor. 11:2,17,22. See LAUD, PRAISE.

<A-2,Verb,3860,paradidomi>
lit., "to give or deliver over" (para, "over" didomi, "to give"), is said of "commending," or "committing," servants of God to Him (AV, "recommend"), Acts 14:26; 15:40. See BETRAY, BRING, B, Note (4), CAST, COMMIT, DELIVER, GIVE, HAZARD, PUT (in prison), RECOMMEND.

<A-3,Verb,3908,paratithemi>
lit., "to put near" (para, "near"), in the Middle Voice, denotes "to place with someone, entrust, commit." In the sense of commending, it is said (a) of the Lord Jesus in "commending" His spirit into the Father's hands, Luke 23:46; (b) of "commending" disciples to God, Acts 14:23; (c) of "commending" elders to God, Acts 20:32. See ALLEGE, COMMIT, PUT, No. 3, SET, No. 4. Cp. No. 2.

<A-4,Verb,3936,paristemi>
lit., "to place near, set before," (para, "near," histemi, "to set"), is used of "self-commendation," 1 Cor. 8:8. See ASSIST, BRING, COME, GIVE, PRESENT, PROVE, PROVIDE, SHOW, STAND, YIELD.

<A-5,Verb,4921,sunistemi | sunistano> lit., "to place together," denotes "to introduce one person to another, represent as worthy," e.g., Rom. 3:5; 5:8; 16:1; 2 Cor. 4:2; 6:4; 10:18; 12:11. In 2 Cor. 3:1; 5:12; 10:12, the verb sunistano is used. See APPROVE, CONSIST, MAKE, STAND.

<B-1,Adjective,4956,sustatikos>
akin to A, No. 5, lit., "placing together," hence, "commendatory," is used of letters of "commendation," 2 Cor. 3:1, lit., "commendatory letters."

Commit, Commission * (1) In the sense of "doing or practicing."

<A-1,Verb,2038,ergazomai>
to work, is translated by the verb "to commit" (of committing sin), in Jas. 2:9. This is a stronger expression than poieo, "to do," or prasso, "to practice" (Nos. 2 and 3). See DO, LABOR, MINISTER, TRADE, WORK.

<A-2,Verb,4160,poieo>
"to do, cause, etc.," sometimes signifies "to commit, of any act, as of murder," Mark 15:7; sin, John 8:34; 2 Cor. 11:7; Jas. 5:15. See DO.

Note: In 1 John 3:4,8,9, the AV wrongly has "commit" (an impossible meaning in ver. 8); the RV rightly has "doeth," i.e., of a continuous habit, equivalent to prasso, "to practice." The committal of an act is not in view in that passage.

<A-3,Verb,4238,prasso>
"to do, work, practice," is said of continuous action, or action not yet completed, Acts 25:11,25; it is rendered "practice" in the RV, for the incorrect AV "commit," in Rom. 1:32; 2:2. See DO, EXACT, KEEP, REQUIRE, USE.

* (2) In the sense of delivering or entrusting something to a person.

<A-4,Verb,3860,paradidomi>
"to give over," is often rendered by the verb "to commit," e.g., to prison, Acts 8:3; to the grace of God, Acts 14:26; to God, 1 Pet. 2:23; by God to pits of darkness, 2 Pet. 2:4. See COMMEND, No. 2.

<A-5,Verb,4100,pisteuo>
signifies "to entrust, commit to," Luke 16:11; 1 Tim. 1:11, "committed to (my) trust." See BELIEVE.

<A-6,Verb,5087,tithemi>
"to put, place," signifies, in the Middle Voice, "to put for oneself, assign, place in," 2 Cor. 5:19, "having committed (unto us)."

<A-7,Verb,3908,paratithemi>
see COMMEND, No. 3, signifies "to entrust, commit to one's charge," e.g., in Luke 12:48; 1 Tim. 1:18; 2 Tim. 2:2; 1 Pet. 4:19 (AV, "commit the keeping").

Notes: (1) Didomi, "to give," is rendered "committed" in the AV of John 5:22 (RV, "given").

(2) For porneuo ("to commit fornication") see FORNICATION.

(3) In Rom. 2:22, hierosuleo, "to rob temples," is so rendered in the RV, for AV, "commit sacrilege."

(4) In Acts 27:40, eao, "to let, leave," is rendered in the RV, "left (the anchors) in," for AV, "committed themselves to."

<B-1,Noun,3866,paratheke>
"a putting with, a deposit" (para, "with," tithemi, "to put"), and its longer form, parakatatheke, are found, the former in 2 Tim. 1:12, "that which He hath committed unto me," RV, marg., lit., "my deposit" (perhaps, "my deposit with Him"), the latter in 1 Tim. 6:20, where "guard that which is committed unto thee" is, lit., "guard the deposit," and 2 Tim. 1:14, "that good thing which was committed unto thee," i.e., the good deposit; RV, marg., "the good deposit."

<B-2,Noun,428,epitrope>
denotes "a turning over (to another), a referring of a thing to another" (epi, "over," trepo, "to turn"), and so a committal of full powers, "a commission," Acts 26:12.

Commodius (not) <1,,2011,aneuthetos>
"not commodius," lit., "not-well-placed" (from a, "not," n, euphonic, eu, "well," thetos, "from" tithemi, "to put, place"), is found in Acts 27:12, where it is said of the haven at the place called Fair Havens.

Common, Commonly <A-1,Adjective,2834,koinos>
denotes (a) "common, belonging to several" (Lat., communis), said of things had in common, Acts 2:44; 4:32; of faith, Titus 1:4; of salvation, Jude 1:3; it stands in contrast to idios, "one's own;" (b) "ordinary, belonging to the generality, as distinct from what is peculiar to the few;" hence the application to religious practices of Gentiles in contrast with those of Jews; or of the ordinary people in contrast with those of the Pharisees; hence the meaning "unhallowed, profane," Levitically unclean (Lat., profanus), said of hands, Mark 7:2 (AV, "defiled,") RV marg., "common;" of animals, ceremonially unclean, Acts 10:14; 11:8; of a man, Acts 10:28; of meats, Rom. 14:14, "unclean;" of the blood of the covenant, as viewed by an apostate, Heb. 10:29, "unholy" (RV, marg., "common"); of everything unfit for the holy city, Rev. 21:27, RV, "unclean" (marg., "common"). Some mss. have the verb here. See DEFILED, UNCLEAN UNHOLY.

<B-1,Verb,2840,koinoo>
"to make, or count, common," has this meaning in Acts 10:15; 11:9. See DEFILE, POLLUTE, UNCLEAN.

Notes: (1) Polus, used of number, signifies "many, numerous;" used of space, it signifies "wide, far reaching;" hence, with the article it is said of a multitude as being numerous; it is translated "common" (people) in Mark 12:37 (see the RV, marg.). It does not, however, mean the ordinary folk, but the many folk. See ABUNDANT, GREAT, LONG, MANY, MUCH, PLENTY.

(2) Ochlos denotes "a crowd, a great multitude;" with the article it is translated "the common people," in John 12:9,12 (RV, marg.). See COMPANY, CROWD, MULTITUDE, NUMBER, PEOPLE, PRESS.

(3) Tunchano, "to happen," is used as an adjective in Acts 28:2, of the kindness shown by the people of Melita to the shipwrecked company; AV, "(no) little;" RV, "(no) common;" the idea suggested by the verb is that which might happen anywhere or at all times; hence, "little, ordinary, or casual." See CHANCE, ENJOY, OBTAIN.

(4) In Matt. 27:27, what the AV describes as "the common hall," is the praetorium, RV, "palace," the official residence of the Governor of a Province (marg., "praetorium").

(5) In Acts 5:18, demosios (AV, "common," with reference to the prison) signifies "public," belonging to the people, demos, (RV, "public").

(6) In 1 Cor. 5:1, holos, "altogether" (AV, "commonly") means "actually" (RV).

(7) In Matt. 28:15, diaphemizo, "to spread abroad" (as in the RV), is rendered in the AV, "is commonly reported. See SPREAD, Note (5).

Commonwealth <1,,4174,politeia>
see CITIZENSHIP, No. 3.

<2,,4175,politeuma>
see CITIZENSHIP, No. 4.

Commotion * For COMMOTION see CONFUSION, TUMULT

Commune <1,,1255,dialaleo>
signifies "to speak with anyone" (dia, "by turns," laleo, "to speak"), Luke 6:11; in Luke 1:65, "to talk over, to noise abroad." The idea that laleo and its compounds bear no reference to the word spoken or the sentiment, is unfounded. See NOISE.

<2,,3656,homileo>
from homos, "together," signifies "to be in company, to associate with any one;" hence, "to have intercourse with," Luke 24:14 (RV, "communed;" AV, "talked"), 15; Acts 24:26; in Acts 20:11, "talked with." See TALK.

<3,,4814,sullaleo>
"to talk together," is translated "communed" in Luke 22:4, of the conspiracy of Judas with the chief priests. See CONFER, SPEAK, TALK.

Note: Laleo and its compounds, and the noun lalia, "speech," have a more dignified meaning in the Hellenistic Greek than "to chatter," its frequent meaning in earlier times.

Communicate, Communication <A-1,Verb,2841,koinoneo>
is used in two senses, (a) "to have a share in," Rom. 15:27; 1 Tim. 5:22; Heb. 2:14; 1 Pet. 4:13; 2 John 1:11; (b) "to give a share to, go shares with," Rom. 12:13, RV, "communicating," for AV, "distributing;" Gal. 6:6, "communicate;" Phil. 4:15, AV, "did communicate," RV, "had fellowship with." See DISTRIBUTE, FELLOWSHIP, PARTAKE.

<A-2,Verb,4790,sunkoinoneo>
"to share together with" (sun "and" No. 1), is translated "communicated with" in Phil. 4:14; "have fellowship with," Eph. 5:11; "be ... partakers of," Rev. 18:4 (RV, "have fellowship"). The thought is that of sharing with others what one has, in order to meet their needs. See FELLOWSHIP, B, No. 2, PARTAKE, B, No. 2.

Note: Anatithemi, "to set forth," is rendered "laid before" in Gal. 2:2, RV, for AV, "communicated unto;" in Acts 25:14, RV, "laid before," for AV, "declared."

<B-1,Noun,2842,koinonia>
akin to A (which see), is translated in Heb. 13:16 "to communicate," lit., "be not forgetful of good deed and of fellowship;" "fellowship" (AV, "communication") in Philem. 1:6, RV. See COMMUNION.

<B-2,Noun,3056,logos>
"a word, that which is spoken" (lego, "to speak"), is used in the plural with reference to a conversation; "communication," Luke 24:17. Elsewhere with this significance the RV renders it "speech," Matt. 5:37; Eph. 4:29. See ACCOUNT.

Note: In Col. 3:8, where the AV translates aischrologia by "filthy communication," the RV renders it "shameful speaking" (aischros, "base," lego, "to speak").

<C-1,Adjective,2843,koinonikos>
akin to A, No. 1 and B, No. 1, means "apt, or ready, to communicate," 1 Tim. 6:18.

Note: Homilia, "a company, association, or intercourse with" (see COMMUNE, No. 2), is translated "company" in 1 Cor. 15:33, RV (AV, "communications"); the word is in the plural, "evil companies," i.e., associations. See COMPANY, No. 6.

Communion <A-1,Noun,2842,koinonia>
"a having in common (koinos), partnership, fellowship" (see COMMUNICATE), denotes (a) the share which one has in anything, a participation, fellowship recognized and enjoyed; thus it is used of the common experiences and interests of Christian men, Acts 2:42; Gal. 2:9; of participation in the knowledge of the Son of God, 1 Cor. 1:9; of sharing the realization of the effects of the Blood (i.e., the Death) of Christ and the Body of Christ, as set forth by the emblems in the Lord's Supper, 1 Cor. 10:16; of participation in what is derived from the Holy Spirit, 2 Cor. 13:14 (RV, "communion"); Phil. 2:1; of participation in the sufferings of Christ, Phil. 3:10; of sharing in the resurrection life possessed in Christ, and so of fellowship with the Father and the Son, 1 John 1:3,6,7; negatively, of the impossibility of "communion" between light and darkness, 2 Cor. 6:14; (b) fellowship manifested in acts, the practical effects of fellowship with God, wrought by the Holy Spirit in the lives of believers as the outcome of faith, Philem. 1:6, and finding expression in joint ministration to the needy, Rom. 15:26; 2 Cor. 8:4; 9:13; Heb. 13:16, and in the furtherance of the Gospel by gifts, Phil. 1:5. See COMMUNICATION, CONTRIBUTION, DISTRIBUTION, FELLOWSHIP.

<B-1,Adjective,2844,koinonos>
"having in common," is rendered "have communion with (the altar)," --the altar standing by metonymy for that which is associated with it -- in 1 Cor. 10:18, RV (for AV, "are partakers of"), and in 1 Cor. 10:20, for AV, "have fellowship with (demons)." See COMPANION.

Compacted <1,,4921,sunistemi>
and transitively sunistao, "to stand together" (sun, "with," histemi, "to stand"), is rendered "compacted," in 2 Pet. 3:5, of the earth as formerly arranged by God in relation to the waters. See APPROVE, COMMEND, CONSIST, MAKE, STAND.

<2,,4822,sumbibazo>
"to unite, to knit," is translated "compacted" in the AV of Eph. 4:16 (RV, "knit together"), concerning the Church as the Body of Christ. See CONCLUDE, GATHER, INSTRUCT, KNIT, PROVE.

Companion <1,,4898,sunekdemos>
"a fellow-traveler" (sun, "with," ek, "from," demos, "people;" i.e., "away from one's people"), is used in Acts 19:29, of Paul's companions in travel; in 2 Cor. 8:19, "travel with;" a closer rendering would be "(as) our fellow-traveler." See TRAVEL.

<2,,2844,koinonos>
is rendered "companions" in the AV of Heb. 10:33 (RV "partakers"). So sunkoinonos in Rev. 1:9, AV, "companion;" RV, "partaker with you." See B, above, PARTAKER, PARTNER. Cp. COMMUNICATE.

<3,,4904,sunergos>
"a felloworker" (sun, "with," ergon, "work"), is translated in Phil. 2:25 "companion in labor," AV (RV, "fellow-worker"). See HELPER, LABORER, WORKER.

Company (Noun and Verb) <A-1,Noun and Phrase,3793,ochlos>
"a throng of people, an irregular crowd," most usually "a disorganized throng;" in Acts 6:7, however, it is said of a company of the priests who believed; the word here indicates that they had not combined to bring this about. The RV usually translates this word "company" or "multitude." Cp. B, Note 3. See COMMON, CROWD, MULTITUDE, and Trench, Syn. xcviii.

<A-2,Noun and Phrase,4923,sunodia>
lit., "a way or journey together" (sun, "with," hodos, "a way"), denotes, by metonymy, "a company of travelers;" in Luke 2:44, of the company from which Christ was missed by Joseph and Mary. (Eng., synod).

<A-3,Noun and Phrase,4849,sumposion>
lit. "denotes a drinking together (sun, "with," pino, "to drink"), a drinking-party;" hence, by metonymy, "any table party or any company arranged as a party." In Mark 6:39 the noun is repeated, in the plural, by way of an adverbial and distributive phrase, sumposia sumposia, lit., "companies-companies" (i.e., by companies).

<A-4,Noun and Phrase,2828,klisia>
akin to klino, "to recline," primarily means a place for lying down in, and hence a "reclining company," for the same purpose as No. 3. It is found in the plural in Luke 9:14, corresponding to Mark's word sumposia (No. 3, above), signifying "companies reclining at a meal."

<A-5,Noun and Phrase,4128,plethos>
lit., "a fullness," hence denotes "a multitude, a large or full company," Luke 23:1; "a multitude," Luke 23:27 (AV, "a great company"). See BUNDLE, MULTITUDE.

<A-6,Noun and Phrase,3657,homilia>
"an association of people, those who are of the same company" (homos, "same"), is used in 1 Cor. 15:33, AV, "(evil) communications;" RV, "(evil) company."

<A-7,Noun and Phrase,3658,homilos>
akin to No. 6, "a throng or crowd," is found, in some mss., in Rev. 18:17, "all the company in ships," AV. Homilos denotes the concrete; homilia is chiefly an abstract noun.

<A-8,Noun and Phrase,2398,idios>
"one's own," is used in the plural with the article in Acts 4:23, to signify "their own (company)." See BUSINESS, B.

Notes: (1) The preposition ex (i.e., ek), "of," with the first personal pronoun in the genitive plural (hemon, "us"), signifies "of our company," lit., "of us," in Luke 24:22; so ex auton, in Acts 15:22, "men out of their company," lit., "men out of them."

(2) The phrase in Acts 13:13, hoi peri Paulon, lit., "the (ones) about Paul," signifies "Paul and his company."

(3) Murias, a noun connected with the adjective murios ("numberless, infinite"), signifies "a myriad" (whence the English word), and is used hyperbolically, of vast numbers, e.g., Heb. 12:22, AV, "an innumerable company;" RV, "innumerable hosts." (Contrast murioi, 10,000, Matt. 18:24).

(4) In Acts 21:8, the phrase translated "that were of Paul's company" is absent from the best texts.

<B-1,Verb,4874,sunanamignumi>
lit., "to mix up with" (sun, "with," ana, "up," mignumi, "to mix, mingle"), signifies "to have, or keep, company with," 1 Cor. 5:9,11; 2 Thess. 3:14.

<B-2,Verb,4905,sunerchomai>
"to come, or go, with," is rendered "have companied" in Acts 1:21. See COME, No. 11.

Notes: (1) Aphorizo, "to separate," is translated "separate (you) from (their) company," in Luke 6:22, the latter part being added in italics to supply the meaning of excommunication. See DIVIDE.

(2) Kollao, "to join," is rendered "keep company," in Acts 10:28, AV; RV, "join himself." See CLEAVE, JOIN.

(3) Ochlopoieo, lit., "to make a crowd" (ochlos, "a crowd," poieo, "to make"), is translated "gathered a company," in Acts 17:5, AV; the RV corrects this to "gathering a crowd." See CROWD.

Compare, Comparison <1,,4793,sunkrino>
denotes (a) "to join fitly, to combine," 1 Cor. 2:13, either in the sense of combining spiritual things with spiritual, adapting the discourse to the subject, under the guidance of the Holy Spirit, or communicating spiritual things by spiritual things or words, or in the sense of interpreting spiritual things to spiritual men, RV and AV, "comparing" (cp. the Sept. use, of interpreting dreams, etc. Gen. 40:8,16,22; 41:12,15; Dan. 5:12); (b) "to place together;" hence, "judge or discriminate by comparison, compare, with or among," 2 Cor. 10:12 (thrice).

<2,,3846,paraballo>
"to place side by side, to set forth," and the noun parabole (Eng., "parable"), occur in Mark 4:30, RV, "In what parable shall we set it forth?," AV, "with what comparison shall we compare it?" See ARRIVE.

Note: The preposition pros, "towards," is sometimes used of mental direction, in the way of estimation, or comparison, as in the phrase "(worthy) to be compared," or "(worthy) in comparison with," Rom. 8:18.

Compass <1,,2944,kukleuo>
denotes "to encircle, surround," and is found in the best texts in John 10:24, "came round about," and Rev. 20:9, of a camp surrounded by foes; some mss. have No. 2 in each place.

<2,,2944,kukloo>
(cp. Eng., "cycle") signifies "to move in a circle, to compass about," as of a city "encompassed" by armies, Luke 21:20; Heb. 11:30; in Acts 14:20, "stood round about." See COME, No. 38, STAND.

<3,,4033,perikukloo>
peri, "about," with No. 2, is used in Luke 19:43 "shall compass ... round."

<4,,4013,periago>
"to lead about," 1 Cor. 9:5, or, intransitively, "to go about, to go up and down," is so used in Matt. 4:23; 9:35; Mark 6:6; Acts 13:11; "to compass regions," Matt. 23:15. See GO, LEAD.

<5,,4029,perikeimai>
"to be encompassed:" see BOUND (b), HANG.

<6,,4022,perierchomai>
lit., "to go, or come, about" (peri, "about," erchomai, "to come"), is translated in Acts 28:13, AV, "fetched a compass." See CIRCUIT.

Compassion, Compassionate <A-1,Verb,3627,oikteiro>
"to have pity, a feeling of distress through the ills of others," is used of God's compassion, Rom. 9:15.

<A-2,Verb,4697,splanchnizomai>
"to be moved as to one's inwards (splanchna), to be moved with compassion, to yearn with compassion," is frequently recorded of Christ towards the multitude and towards individual sufferers, Matt. 9:36; 14:14; 15:32; 18:27; 20:34; Mark 1:41; 6:34; 8:2; 9:22 (of the appeal of a father for a demon-possessed son); Luke 7:13; 10:33; of the father in the parable of the Prodigal Son, Luke 15:20. (Moulton and Milligan consider the verb to have been coined in the Jewish dispersion).

<A-3,Verb,4834,sumpatheo>
"to suffer with another (sun, 'with,' pascho, 'to suffer'), to be affected similarly" (Eng., "sympathy"), to have "compassion" upon, Heb. 10:34, of "compassionating" those in prison, is translated "be touched with" in Heb. 4:15, of Christ as the High Priest. See TOUCH.

<A-4,Verb,1653,eleeo>
"to have mercy (eleos, "mercy"), to show kindness, by beneficence, or assistance," is translated "have compassion" in Matt. 18:33 (AV); Mark 5:19; Jude 1:22. See MERCY.

<A-5,Verb,3356,metriopatheo>
is rendered "have compassion," in Heb. 5:2, AV. See BEAR, No. 13.

<B-1,Noun,3628,oiktirmos>
akin to A, No. 1, is used with splanchna (see below), "the viscera, the inward parts," as the seat of emotion, the "heart," Phil. 2:1; Col. 3:12, "a heart of compassion" (AV, "bowels of mercies"). In Heb. 10:28 it is used with choris, "without," (lit., "without compassions"). It is translated "mercies" in Rom. 12:1; 2 Cor. 1:3. See MERCY.

<B-2,Noun,4698,splanchnon>
always used in the plural, is suitably rendered "compassion" in the RV of Col. 3:12; 1 John 3:17; "compassions" in Phil. 2:1, Cp. A, No. 2. See BOWELS.

<C-1,Adjective,4835,sumpathes>
denotes suffering with, "compassionate," 1 Pet. 3:8, RV (AV, "having compassion"). See A, No. 3.

Compel <1,,315,anankazo>
denotes "to put constraint upon (from ananke, 'necessity'), to constrain," whether by threat, entreaty, force or persuasion; Christ "constrained" the disciples to get into a boat, Matt. 14:22; Mark 6:45; the servants of the man who made a great supper were to constrain people to come in, Luke 14:23 (RV, "constrain"); Saul of Tarsus "strove" to make saints blaspheme, Acts 26:11, RV (AV, "compelled"); Titus, though a Greek, was not "compelled" to be circumcised, Gal. 2:3, as Galatian converts were, Gal. 6:12, RV; Peter was "compelling" Gentiles to live as Jews, Gal. 2:14; Paul was "constrained" to appeal to Caesar, Acts 28:19, and was "compelled" by the church at Corinth to become foolish in speaking of himself, 2 Cor. 12:11. See CONSTRAIN.

<2,,29,angareuo>
"to dispatch as an angaros (a Persian courier kept at regular stages with power of impressing men into service)," and hence, in general, "to impress into service," is used of "compelling" a person to go a mile, Matt. 5:41; of the impressing of Simon to bear Christ's cross, Matt. 27:32; Mark 15:21.

Complainer, Complaint <1,,3202,mempsimoiros>
denotes "one who complains," lit., "complaining of one's lot" (memphomai, "to blame," moira, "a fate, lot"); hence, "discontented, querulous, repining;" it is rendered "complainers" in Jude 1:16.

<2,,3437,momphe>
denotes "blame" (akin to memphomai, see No. 1), "an occasion of complaint," Col. 3:13 (AV, "quarrel"). See QUARREL.

<3,,157,aitioma>
"a charge," is translated "complaints" in Acts 25:7, AV. See CHARGE.

Complete, Completion, Completely <A-1,Verb,2005,epiteleo>
"to complete:" see ACCOMPLISH, No. 4.

<A-2,Verb,1822,exartizo>
"to fit out" (ek, "out," intensive, artos, "a joint;" or from artios, perfect, lit., "exactly right"), is said of the equipment of the man of God, 2 Tim. 3:17, "furnished completely" (AV, "throughly furnished"); elsewhere in Acts 21:5, "accomplished." Cp. B. See FURNISH.

<A-3,Verb,4931,sunteleo>
"to end together, bring quite to an end" (sun, "together," intensive, telos, "an end"), is said (a) of the "completion" of a period of days, Luke 4:2; Acts 21:27; (b) of "completing" something; some mss. have it in Matt. 7:28, of the Lord, in ending His discourse (the best mss. have teleo, "to finish"); of God, in finishing a work, Rom. 9:28, in making a new covenant, Heb. 8:8, marg., "accomplish;" of the fulfillment of things foretold, Mark 13:4; of the Devil's temptation of the Lord, Luke 4:13. See END, FINISH, FULFILL, MAKE.

<A-4,Verb,4137,pleroo>
"to fill" (in the Passive Voice, "to be made full"), is translated "complete" in the AV of Col. 2:10 (RV, "made full;" cp. ver. 9). See ACCOMPLISH.

<A-5,Verb,4135,plerophoreo>
"to be fully assured," is translated "complete" in Col. 4:12. See ASSURED, B, No. 2.

<B-1,Adjective,739,artios>
"fitted, complete" (from artos, "a limb, joint"), is used in 2 Tim. 3:17, RV, "complete," AV, "perfect." See PERFECT.

<C-1,Noun,535,apartismos>
is rendered "complete" in Luke 14:28, RV.

Comprehend * For COMPREHEND see APPREHEND, John 1:5, AV, and SUM UP

Conceal <1,,3871,parakalupto>
"to conceal thoroughly" (para, "beside," intensive, kalupto, "to hide"), is found in Luke 9:45, of "concealing" from the disciples the fact of the delivering up of Christ.

Conceits <1,,1722 1438,en heautois> lit., "in yourselves," is used with phronimos, "wise," in Rom. 11:25, "(wise) in your own conceits (i.e., opinions)."

<2,,3844 1438,par' heautois> (para, with, in the estimation of), in Rom. 12:16 has the same rendering as No. 1.

Conceive <1,,1080,gennao>
"to conceive, beget:" see BEGET, A, No. 1.

<2,,4815,sullambano>
lit., "to take together" (sun, "with," lambano, "to take or receive"), is used (a) of a woman, to "conceive," Luke 1:24,31,36; in the Passive Voice. Luke 2:21; (b) metaphorically, of the impulse of lust in the human heart, enticing to sin, Jas. 1:15. For its other meaning see CATCH, No. 8.

<3,,5087,tithemi>
"to put, set," is used in Acts 5:4, of the sin of Ananias, in "conceiving" a lie in his heart.

Notes: (1) The phrase echo, "to have," with koite, "a lying down, a bed," especially the marriage bed, denotes "to conceive," Rom. 9:10.

(2) The phrase eis katabolen, lit., "for a casting down, or in," is used of conception in Heb. 11:11.

Concern (-eth) * 1. The neuter plural of the article ("the things"), with the genitive case of a noun, is used in 2 Cor. 11:30 of Paul's infirmity, "the things that concern my infirmity," lit., "the (things) of my infirmity."

* 2. The neuter singular of the article, with the preposition peri, "concerning," is used by the Lord in Luke 22:37, "that which concerneth," lit., "the (thing) concerning (Me)." The same construction is found in Luke 24:27; Acts 19:8; 28:31

Concerning * For CONCERNING see Note +, p. 9.

Concision <1,,2699,katatome>
lit., "a cutting off" (kata, "down," temno, "to cut"), "a mutilation," is a term found in Phil. 3:2, there used by the Apostle, by a paranomasia, contemptuously, for the Jewish circumcision with its Judaistic influence, in contrast to the true spiritual circumcision.

Conclude <1,,4822,sumbibazo>
lit., "to make to come together," is translated "concluding" in Acts 16:10, RV, for the AV, "assuredly gathering." See COMPACTED, INSTRUCT, KNIT, PROVE.

Notes: For krino, "to judge, give judgement," rendered "concluded" in the AV of Acts 21:25, RV, "giving judgment," see JUDGMENT. For logizomai, "to reckon," translated "conclude" in Rom. 3:28, AV, RV, "reckon," see RECKON. For sunkleio, "to shut up with," translated "concluded" in Rom. 11:32; Gal. 3:22, AV, RV, "shut up," see INCLOSE, SHUT.

Concord <1,,4857,sumphonesis>
lit., "a sounding together" (sun, "with," phone, "a sound;" Eng., "symphony"), is found in 2 Cor. 6:15, in the rhetorical question "what concord hath Christ with Belial?" See AGREE, A, No. 1.

Concourse <1,,4963,suntrophe>
"a turning together" (sun, "with," trepo, "to turn"), signifies (a) that which is rolled together; hence (b) a dense mass of people, concourse, Acts 19:40. See BANDED.

Concupiscence * For CONCUPISCENCE (AV of Rom. 7:8; Col. 3:5; 1 Thess. 4:5) see COVET, DESIRE, LUST.

Condemn, Condemnation <A-1,Verb,2607,kataginosko>
"to know something against" (kata, "against," ginosko, "to know by experience"), hence, "to think ill of, to condemn," is said, in Gal. 2:11, of Peter's conduct (RV, "stood condemned"), he being "self-condemned" as the result of an exercised and enlightened conscience, and "condemned" in the sight of others; so of "self-condemnation" due to an exercise of heart, 1 John 3:20,21. See BLAME.

<A-2,Verb,2613,katadikazo>
signifies "to exercise right or law against anyone;" hence, "to pronounce judgment, to condemn" (kata, "down, or against," dike, "justice"), Matt. 12:7,37; Luke 6:37; Jas. 5:6.

<A-3,Verb,2919,krino>
"to distinguish, choose, give an opinion upon, judge," sometimes denotes "to condemn," e.g., Acts 13:27; Rom. 2:27; Jas. 5:9 (in the best mss.). Cp. No. 1, below. See CALL (No. 13), CONCLUDE, DECREE, DETERMINE, ESTEEM, JUDGE, LAW (go to), ORDAIN, SUE, THINK.

<A-4,Verb,2632,katakrino>
a strengthened form of No. 3, signifies "to give judgment against, pass sentence upon;" hence, "to condemn," implying (a) the fact of a crime, e.g., Rom. 2:1; 14:23; 2 Pet. 2:6; some mss. have it in Jas. 5:9; (b) the imputation of a crime, as in the "condemnation" of Christ by the Jews, Matt. 20:18; Mark 14:64. It is used metaphorically of "condemning" by a good example, Matt. 12:41,42; Luke 11:31,32; Heb. 11:7.

In Rom. 8:3, God's "condemnation" of sin is set forth in that Christ, His own Son, sent by Him to partake of human nature (sin apart) and to become an offering for sin, died under the judgment due to our sin.

<B-1,Noun,2917,krima>
denotes (a) "the sentence pronounced, a verdict, a condemnation, the decision resulting from an investigation," e.g., Mark 12:40; Luke 23:40; 1 Tim. 3:6; Jude 1:4; (b) "the process of judgment leading to a decision," 1 Pet. 4:17 ("judgment"), where krisis (see No. 3, below) might be expected. In Luke 24:20, "to be condemned" translates the phrase eis krima, "unto condemnation" (i.e., unto the pronouncement of the sentence of "condemnation"). For the rendering "judgment," see, e.g., Rom. 11:33; 1 Cor. 11:34; Gal. 5:10; Jas. 3:1. In these (a) the process leading to a decision and (b) the pronouncement of the decision, the verdict, are to be distinguished. In 1 Cor. 6:7 the word means a matter for judgment, a lawsuit. See JUDGMENT.

<B-2,Noun,2631,katakrima>
cp. No. 4, above, is "the sentence pronounced, the condemnation" with a suggestion of the punishment following; it is found in Rom. 5:16,18; 8:1.

<B-3,Noun,2920,krisis>
(a) denotes "the process of investigation, the act of distinguishing and separating" (as distinct from krima, see No. 1 above); hence "a judging, a passing of judgment upon a person or thing;" it has a variety of meanings, such as judicial authority, John 5:22,27; justice, Acts 8:33; Jas. 2:13; a tribunal, Matt. 5:21,22; a trial, John 5:24; 2 Pet. 2:4; a judgment, 2 Pet. 2:11; Jude 1:9; by metonymy, the standard of judgment, just dealing, Matt. 12:18,20; 23:23; Luke 11:42; Divine judgment executed, 2 Thess. 1:5; Rev. 16:7; (b) sometimes it has the meaning "condemnation," and is virtually equivalent to krima (a); see Matt. 23:33; John 3:19; Jas. 5:12, hupo krisin, "under judgment." See ACCUSATION, A (Note), DAMNATION, JUDGMENT.

Note: In John 9:39, "For judgment (krima) came I into this world," the meaning would appear to be, "for being judged" (as a touch-stone for proving men's thoughts and characters), in contrast to John 5:22, "hath given all judging (krisis) to the Son;" in Luke 24:20, "delivered Him up to be condemned to death," the latter phrase is, lit., "to a verdict (krima) of death" (which they themselves could not carry out); in Mark 12:40, "these shall receive greater condemnation" (krima), the phrase signifies a heavier verdict (against themselves).

<B-4,Noun,2633,katakrisis>
a strengthened form of No. 3, denotes "a judgment against, condemnation," with the suggestion of the process leading to it, as of "the ministration of condemnation," 2 Cor. 3:9; in 2 Cor. 7:3, "to condemn," more lit., "with a view to condemnation."

<C-1,Adjective,843,autokatakritos>
"self-condemned" (auto, "self," katakrino, "to condemn"), i.e., on account of doing himself what he condemns in others, is used in Titus 3:11.

<C-2,Adjective,176,akatagnostos>
akin to A, No. 1, with negative prefix, a, "not to be condemned," is said of sound speech, in Titus 2:8.

Condescend <1,,4879,sunapago>
see CARRY, No. 7.

Conditions * Note: This translates the phrase ta pros in Luke 14:32, lit., "the (things) towards," i.e., the things relating to, or conditions of, (peace).

Conduct <A-1,Noun,72,agoge>
from ago, "to lead," properly denotes "a teaching;" then, figuratively, "a training, discipline," and so, the life led, a way or course of life, conduct, 2 Tim. 3:10, RV, "conduct;" AV, "manner of life." See LIFE.

<B-1,Verb,2525,kathistemi>
lit., "to stand down or set down" (kata, "down," histemi, "to stand"), has, among its various meanings, "the significance of bringing to a certain place, conducting," Acts 17:15 (so the Sept. in Josh. 6:23; 1 Sam. 5:3; 2 Chron. 28:15). See APPOINT.

<B-2,Verb,4311,propempo>
signifies "to set forward, conduct:" see ACCOMPANY, No. 4.

Confer, Conference <1,,4323,prosanatithemi>
lit., "to put before" (pros, "towards," ana, "up," and tithemi, "to put"), i.e., "to lay a matter before others so as to obtain counsel or instruction," is used of Paul's refraining from consulting human beings, Gal. 1:16 (translated "imparted" in Gal. 2:6; AV, "added ... in conference"). Cp. the shorter form anatithemi, in Gal. 2:2, "laid before," the less intensive word being used there simply to signify the imparting of information, rather than conferring with others to seek advice. See ADD, IMPART.

<2,,4814,sullaleo>
"to speak together with" (sun, "with," laleo, "to speak"), is translated "conferred" in Acts 25:12; elsewhere of talking with, Matt. 17:3; Mark 9:4; Luke 4:36; 9:30; "communed" in Luke 22:4. See COMMUNE, SPEAK, TALK.

<3,,4820,sumballo>
lit., "to throw together" (sun, "with," ballo, "to throw"), is used of "conversation, to discourse or consult together, confer," Acts 4:15. See ENCOUNTER, HELP, MEET WITH, PONDER.

Note: For the AV, "conference" in Gal. 2:6, see No. 1, above.

Confess, Confession <A-1,Verb,3670,homologeo>
lit., "to speak the same thing" (homos, "same," lego, "to speak"), "to assent, accord, agree with," denotes, (a) "to confess, declare, admit," John 1:20; e.g., Acts 24:14; Heb. 11:13; (b) "to confess by way of admitting oneself guilty of what one is accused of, the result of inward conviction," 1 John 1:9; (c) "to declare openly by way of speaking out freely, such confession being the effect of deep conviction of facts," Matt. 7:23; 10:32 (twice) and Luke 12:8 (see next par.); John 9:22; 12:42; Acts 23:8; Rom. 10:9,10 ("confession is made"); 1 Tim. 6:12 (RV); Titus 1:16; 1 John 2:23; 4:2,15; 2 John 1:7 (in John's Epistle it is the necessary antithesis to Gnostic doceticism); Rev. 3:5, in the best mss. (some have No. 2 here); (d) "to confess by way of celebrating with praise," Heb. 13:15; (e) "to promise," Matt. 14:7.

In Matt. 10:32; Luke 12:8 the construction of this verb with en, "in," followed by the dative case of the personal pronoun, has a special significance, namely, to "confess" in a person's name, the nature of the "confession" being determined by the context, the suggestion being to make a public "confession." Thus the statement, "every one ... who shall confess Me (lit., "in Me," i.e., in My case) before men, him (lit., "in him," i.e., in his case) will I also confess before My Father ...," conveys the thought of "confessing" allegiance to Christ as one's Master and Lord, and, on the other hand, of acknowledgment, on His part, of the faithful one as being His worshipper and servant, His loyal follower; this is appropriate to the original idea in homologeo of being identified in thought or language. See PROFESS, PROMISE, THANK.

<A-2,Verb,1843,exomologeo>
ek, "out," intensive, and No. 1, and accordingly stronger than No. 1, "to confess forth," i.e., "freely, openly," is used (a) "of a public acknowledgment or confession of sins," Matt. 3:6; Mark 1:5; Acts 19:18; Jas. 5:16; (b) "to profess or acknowledge openly," Matt. 11:25 (translated "thank," but indicating the fuller idea); Phil. 2:11 (some mss. have it in Rev. 3:5: see No. 1); (c) "to confess by way of celebrating, giving praise," Rom. 14:11; 15:9. In Luke 10:21, it is translated "I thank," the true meaning being "I gladly acknowledge." In Luke 22:6 it signifies to consent (RV), for AV, "promised." See CONSENT, PROMISE, THANK.

<B-1,Noun,3671,homologia>
akin to A, No. 1, denotes "confession, by acknowledgment of the truth," 2 Cor. 9:13; 1 Tim. 6:12,13; Heb. 3:1; 4:14; 10:23 (AV, incorrectly, "profession," except in 1 Tim. 6:13).

Note: For the adverb homologoumenos, confessedly, see CONTROVERSY.

Confidence (Noun, or Verb with "have"), Confident (-ly) <A-1,Noun,4006,pepoithesis>
akin to peitho, B, No. 1 below, denotes "persuasion, assurance, confidence," 2 Cor. 1:15; 3:4, AV, "trust;" 2 Cor. 8:22; 10:2; Eph. 3:12; Phil. 3:4. See TRUST.

<A-2,Noun,5287,hupostasis>
lit., "a standing under" (hupo, "under," stasis, "a standing"), "that which stands, or is set, under, a foundation, beginning;" hence, the quality of confidence which leads one to stand under, endure, or undertake anything, 2 Cor. 9:4; 11:17; Heb. 3:14. Twice in Heb. it signifies "substance," Heb. 1:3 (AV, "Person") and Heb. 11:1. See SUBSTANCE.

<A-3,Noun,3954,parrhesia>
often rendered "confidence" in the AV, is in all such instances rendered "boldness" in the RV, Acts 28:31; Heb. 3:6; 1 John 2:28; 3:21; 5:14. See BOLDNESS, OPENLY, PLAINNESS.

<B-1,Verb,3982,peitho>
"to persuade," or, intransitively, "to have confidence, to be confident" (cp. A, No. 1), has this meaning in the following, Rom. 2:19; 2 Cor. 2:3; Gal. 5:10; Phil. 1:6,14 (RV, "being confident," for AV, "waxing confident"), 25; 3:3,4; 2 Thess. 3:4; Philem. 1:21. See AGREE, ASSURE, BELIEVE, OBEY, PERSUADE, TRUST, YIELD.

<B-2,Verb,2292,tharreo>
"to be of good courage," is so translated in the RV of 2 Cor. 5:6; 7:16 (AV, "to have confidence, or be confident"). See COURAGE.

Note: The adverb "confidently" is combined with the verb "affirm" to represent the verbs diischurizomai, Luke 22:59; Acts 12:15, RV (AV, "constantly affirmed"), and diabebaioomai, 1 Tim. 1:7, AV, "affirm," and Titus 3:8, AV, "affirm constantly." See AFFIRM.

Confirm, Confirmation <A-1,Verb,950,bebaioo>
"to make firm, establish, make secure" (the connected adjective bebaios signifies "stable, fast, firm"), is used of "confirming" a word, Mark 16:20; promises, Rom. 15:8; the testimony of Christ, 1 Cor. 1:6; the saints by the Lord Jesus Christ, 1 Cor. 1:8; the saints by God, 2 Cor. 1:21 ("stablisheth"); in faith, Col. 2:7; the salvation spoken through the Lord and "confirmed" by the Apostles, Heb. 2:3; the heart by grace, Heb. 13:9 ("stablished").

<A-2,Verb,1991,episterizo>
"to make to lean upon, strengthen" (epi, "upon," sterix, "a prop, support"), is used of "confirming" souls, Acts 14:22; brethren, Acts 15:32; churches, Acts 15:41; disciples, Acts 18:23, in some mss. ("stablishing," RV, "strengthening," AV); the most authentic mss. have sterizo in 18:23. See STRENGTHEN.

<A-3,Verb,2964,kuroo>
"to make valid, ratify, impart authority or influence" (from kuros, "might," kurios, "mighty, a head, as supreme in authority"), is used of spiritual love, 2 Cor. 2:8; a human covenant, Gal.3:15. In the Sept., see Gen. 23:20, e.g.

<A-4,Verb,4300,prokuroo>
pro, "before," and No. 3, "to confirm or ratify before," is said of the Divine confirmation of a promise given originally to Abraham, Gen. 12, and "confirmed" by the vision of the furnace and torch, Gen. 15, by the birth of Isaac, Gen. 21, and by the oath of God, Gen. 22, all before the giving of the Law, Gal. 3:17.

<A-5,Verb,3315,mesiteuo>
"to act as a mediator, to interpose," is rendered "confirmed," in the AV of Heb. 6:17 (marg., and RV, "interposed"). See INTERPOSED.

<B-1,Noun,951,bebaiosis>
akin to A, No. 1, is used in two senses (a) "of firmness, establishment," said of the "confirmation" of the Gospel, Phil. 1:7; (b) "of authoritative validity imparted," said of the settlement of a dispute by an oath to produce confidence, Heb. 6:16. The word is found frequently in the papyri of the settlement of a business transaction.

Conflict (Noun) <1,,73,agon>
from ago, "to lead," signifies (a) "a place of assembly," especially the place where the Greeks assembled for the Olympic and Pythian games; (b) "a contest of athletes," metaphorically, 1 Tim. 6:12; 2 Tim. 4:7, "fight;" Heb. 12:1, "race;" hence, (c) "the inward conflict of the soul;" inward "conflict" is often the result, or the accompaniment, of outward "conflict," Phil. 1 Thess. 2;2, implying a contest against spiritual foes, as well as human adversaries; so Col. 2:1, "conflict," AV; RV, "(how greatly) I strive," lit., "how great a conflict I have." See CONTENTION, FIGHT, RACE. Cp. agonizomai (Eng., "agonize"), 1 Cor. 9:25 etc.

<2,,119,athlesis>
denotes "a combat, contest of athletes;" hence, "a struggle, fight," Heb. 10:32, with reference to affliction. See FIGHT. Cp. athleo, "to strive," 2 Tim. 2:5 (twice).

Conformed, Conformable <A-1,Verb,4833,summorphizo>
"to make of like form with another person or thing, to render like" (sun, "with," morphe, "a form"), is found in Phil. 3:10 (in the Passive participle of the verb), "becoming conformed" (or "growing into conformity") to the death of Christ, indicating the practical apprehension of the death of the carnal self, and fulfilling his share of the sufferings following upon the sufferings of Christ. Some texts have the alternative verb summorphoo, which has practically the same meaning.

<B-1,Adjective,4832,summorphos>
akin to A, signifies "having the same form as another, conformed to;" (a) of the "conformity" of children of God "to the image of His Son," Rom. 8:29; (b), of their future physical "conformity" to His body of glory, Phil. 3:21. See FASHION.

<B-2,Adjective,4964,suschematizo>
"to fashion or shape one thing like another," is translated "conformed" in Rom. 12:2, AV; RV, "fashioned;" "fashioning" in 1 Pet. 1:14. This verb has more especial reference to that which is transitory, changeable, unstable; summorphizo, to that which is essential in character and thus complete or durable, not merely a form or outline. Suschematizo could not be used of inward transformation. See FASHION (schema) and FORM (morphe).

Confound, Confuse, Confusion <A-1,Noun,181,akatastasia>
"instability," (a, negative, kata, "down," stasis, "a standing"), denotes "a state of disorder, disturbance, confusion, tumult," 1 Cor. 14:33; Jas. 3:16, "revolution or anarchy;" translated "tumults" in Luke 21:9 (AV, "commotions"); 2 Cor. 6:5; 12:20. See TUMULT.

<A-2,Noun,4799,sunchusis>
"a pouring or mixing together" (sun, "with," cheo, "to pour"); hence "a disturbance, confusion, a tumultuous disorder, as of riotous persons," is found in Acts 19:29.

<B-1,Verb,4797,suncheo>
or sunchunno or sunchuno (the verb form of A., No. 2), lit., "to pour together, commingle," hence (said of persons), means "to trouble or confuse, to stir up," Acts 19:32 (said of the mind); "to be in confusion," Acts 21:31, RV (AV, "was in an uproar"); Acts 21:27, "stirred up;" Acts 2:6; 9:22, "confounded." See STIR, UPROAR.

<B-2,Verb,2617,kataischuno>
"to put to shame," is translated "confound" in 1 Cor. 1:27, and 1 Pet. 2:6, AV (RV, "put to shame"). See ASHAMED, DISHONOR, SHAME.

Confute <1,,1246,diakatelenchomai>
"to confute powerfully," is an intensive form of elencho, "to convict" (dia, "through," kata, "down," both intensive), Acts 18:28, implying that "he met the opposing arguments in turn (dia), and brought them down to the ground (kata)." It carries also the thought that he brought home moral blame to them.

Congregation <1,,1577,ekklesia>
is translated "congregation" in Heb. 2:12, RV, instead of the usual rendering "church." See ASSEMBLY.

<2,,4864,sunagoge>
is translated "congregation" in Acts 13:43, AV (RV, "synagogue"). See SYNAGOGUE.

Conquer, Conqueror <1,,3528,nikao>
"to overcome" (its usual meaning), is translated "conquering" and "to conquer" in Rev. 6:2. See OVERCOME, PREVAIL, VICTORY.

<2,,5245,hupernikao>
"to be more than conqueror" (huper, "over," and No. 1), "to gain a surpassing victory," is found in Rom. 8:37, lit., "we are hyper-conquerors," i.e., we are pre-eminently victorious.

Conscience <1,,4893,suneidesis>
lit., "a knowing with" (sun, "with," oida, "to know"), i.e., "a co-knowledge (with oneself), the witness borne to one's conduct by conscience, that faculty by which we apprehend the will of God, as that which is designed to govern our lives;" hence (a) the sense of guiltness before God; Heb. 10:2; (b) that process of thought which distinguishes what it considers morally good or bad, commending the good, condemning the bad, and so prompting to do the former, and avoid the latter; Rom. 2:15 (bearing witness with God's law); Heb. 9:1; 2 Cor. 1:12; acting in a certain way because "conscience" requires it, Rom. 13:5; so as not to cause scruples of "conscience" in another, 1 Cor. 10:28,29; not calling a thing in question unnecessarily, as if conscience demanded it, 1 Cor. 10:25,27; "commending oneself to every man's conscience," 2 Cor. 4:2; cp. 2 Cor. 5:11. There may be a "conscience" not strong enough to distinguish clearly between the lawful and the unlawful, 1 Cor. 8:7,10,12 (some regard consciousness as the meaning here). The phrase "conscience toward God," in 1 Pet. 2:19, signifies a "conscience" (or perhaps here, a consciousness) so controlled by the apprehension of God's presence, that the person realizes that griefs are to be borne in accordance with His will. Heb. 9:9 teaches that sacrifices under the Law could not so perfect a person that he could regard himself as free from guilt. For various descriptions of "conscience" see Acts 23:1; 24:16; 1 Cor. 8:7; 1 Tim. 1:5,19; 3:9; 4:2; 2 Tim. 1:3; Titus 1:15; Heb. 9:14; 10:22; 13:18; 1 Pet. 3:16,21.

Consecrate * Note: In Heb. 7:28 the verb teleioo is translated "perfected" in the RV, for AV, "consecrated;" so in Heb. 9:18; 10:20, enkainizo, RV, "dedicated." See DEDICATE, PERFECT.

Consent <A-1,Verb,1843,exomologeo>
"to agree openly, to acknowledge outwardly, or fully" (ex, for ek, "out," intensive), is translated "consented" in the RV of Luke 22:6 (AV, "promised"). See CONFESS, THANK.

<A-2,Verb,1962,epineuo>
lit. "signifies to nod to" (epi, "upon or to," neuo, "to nod"); hence, "to nod assent, to express approval, consent," Acts 18:20.

<A-3,Verb,4334,proserchomai>
"to come to," signifies "to consent," implying a coming to agreement with, in 1 Tim. 6:3. See COME, No. 10.

<A-4,Verb,4784,sunkatatithemi>
lit., "to put or lay down together with" (sun, "with," kata, "down," tithemi, "to put"), was used of depositing one's vote in an urn; hence, "to vote for, agree with, consent to." It is said negatively of Joseph of Arimathaea, who had not "consented" to the counsel and deed of the Jews, Luke 23:51 (Middle Voice).

<A-5,Verb,4852,sumphemi>
lit., "to speak with" (sun, "with," phemi, "to speak"), hence, "to express agreement with," is used of "consenting" to the Law, agreeing that it is good, Rom. 7:16.

<A-6,Verb,4909,suneudokeo>
lit., "to think well with" (sun, "with," eu, "well," dokeo, "to think"), to take pleasure with others in anything, to approve of, to assent, is used in Luke 11:48, of "consenting" to the evil deeds of predecessors (AV, "allow"); in Rom. 1:32, of "consenting" in doing evil; in Acts 8:1; 22:20, of "consenting" to the death of another. All these are cases of "consenting" to evil things. In 1 Cor. 7:12,13, it is used of an unbelieving wife's "consent" to dwell with her converted husband, and of an unbelieving husband's "consent" to dwell with a believing wife (AV, "be pleased;" RV, "be content"). See ALLOW, CONTENT, PLEASE.

<B-1,Phrase,575 3391,apo mias> lit., "from one," is found in Luke 14:18, some word like "consent" being implied; e.g., "with one consent."

<B-2,Phrase,1537 4859,ek sumphonou> lit., "from (or by) agreement" (sun, "with," phone, "a sound"), i.e., "by consent," is found in 1 Cor. 7:5. Cp. AGREE.

Consider <1,,3708,eidon>
used as the aorist tense of horao, "to see," is translated "to consider" in Acts 15:6, of the gathering of the Apostles and elders regarding the question of circumcision in relation to the Gospel.

<2,,4894,suneidon>
sun, with, and No. 1, used as the aorist tense of sunorao, to see with one view, to be aware, conscious, as the result of mental perception, is translated "considered" in Acts 12:12, of Peter's consideration of the circumstances of his deliverance from prison. See KNOW, PRIVY.

<3,,2648,katamanthano>
lit., "to learn thoroughly" (kata, "down," intensive, manthano, "to learn"), hence, "to note accurately, consider well," is used in the Lord's exhortation to "consider" the lilies. Matt. 6:28.

<4,,3539,noeo>
"to perceive with the mind" (nous), "think about, ponder," is translated "consider," only in Paul's exhortation to Timothy in 2 Tim. 2:7. See PERCEIVE, THINK, UNDERSTAND.

<5,,2657,katanoeo>
"to perceive clearly" (kata, intensive, and No. 4), "to understand fully, consider closely," is used of not "considering" thoroughly the beam in one's own eye, Matt. 7:3; Luke 6:41 (AV, "perceivest"); of carefully "considering" the ravens, Luke 12:24; the lilies, Luke 12:27; of Peter's full "consideration" of his vision, Acts 11:6; of Abraham's careful "consideration" of his own body, and Sarah's womb, as dead, and yet accepting by faith God's promise, Rom. 4:19 (RV); of "considering" fully the Apostle and High Priest of our confession, Heb. 3:1; of thoughtfully "considering" one another to provoke unto love and good works, Heb. 10:24. It is translated by the verbs "behold," Acts 7:31,32; Jas. 1:23,24; "perceive," Luke 20:23; discover," Acts 27:39. See BEHOLD, DISCOVER, PERCEIVE.

<6,,3049,logizomai>
signifies "to take account of," 2 Cor. 10:7 (RV, "consider," AV, "think"), the only place where the RV translates it "consider." See ACCOUNT.

<7,,2334,theoreo>
see BEHOLD, No. 6.

<8,,333,anatheoreo>
"to consider carefully:" see BEHOLD, No. 7.

<9,,357,analogizomai>
"to consider," occurs in Heb. 12:3.

Notes: (1) Skopeo, "to look," is translated "looking to" in Gal. 6:1, RV (AV, "considering"). See HEED, LOOK, MARK. (2) Suniemi, "to understand," is translated "considered" in Mark 6:52 (AV), RV, "understood." (3) In John 11:50 (AV, dialogiomai) the best texts have No. 6.