<2,,425,anesis>
"a loosening, relaxation" (akin to aniemi, "to send away, let go, loosen"), is translated "relief" in 2 Cor. 2:13; 7:5 (AV, "rest"). See REST.

Relieve <1,,1884,eparkeo>
signifies "to be strong enough for," and so either "to ward off," or "to aid, to relieve" (a strengthened form of arkeo, which has the same three meanings, epi being intensive); it is used in 1 Tim. 5:10,16 (twice).

Religion <1,,2356,threseia>
signifies "religion" in its external aspect (akin to threskos, see below), "religious worship," especially the ceremonial service of "religion;" it is used of the "religion" of the Jews, Acts 26:5; of the "worshiping" of angels, Col. 2:18, which they themselves repudiate (Rev. 22:8,9); "there was an officious parade of humility in selecting these lower beings as intercessors rather than appealing directly to the Throne of Grace" (Lightfoot); in Jas. 1:26,27 the writer purposely uses the word to set in contrast that which is unreal and deceptive, and the "pure religion" which consists in visiting "the fatherless and widows in their affliction," and in keeping oneself "unspotted from the world." He is "not herein affirming. ... these offices to be the sum total, nor yet the great essentials, of true religion, but declares them to be the body, the threskeia, of which godliness, or the love of God, is the informing soul" (Trench).

<2,,1175,deisidaimonia>
primarily denotes "fear of the gods" (from deido, "to fear," daimon, "a pagan deity," Eng., "demon"), regarded whether as a religious attitude, or, in its usual meaning, with a condemnatory or contemptuous significance, "superstition." That is how Festus regarded the Jews' "religion," Acts 25:19, AV and RV marg., "superstition" (RV, "religion"). See RELIGIOUS, Note (1), and under SUPERSTITIOUS.

Notes: (1) Threskeia is external, theosebeia is the reverential worship of God (see GODLINESS), eusebeia is piety (see GODLINESS), eulabeia the devotedness arising from godly fear (see FEAR). (2) For "the Jews' religion," Gal. 1:13,14, see JEWS, B.

Religious <1,,2357,threskos>
"religious, careful of the externals of divine service," akin to threskeia (see above), is used in Jas. 1:26.

Notes: (1) For deisidaimon, Acts 17:22, RV, marg., "religious," see SUPERSTITIOUS. (2) For "religious (proselytes)," AV in Acts 13:43, see DEVOUT, No. 3.

Remain <1,,3306,meno>
"to stay, abide," is frequently rendered "to remain," e.g., Matt. 11:23; Luke 10:7; John 1:33, AV (RV, "abiding"); 9:41 (in 15:11, the best texts have the verb to be, see RV); 15:16, AV (RV, "abide"); 19:31; Acts 5:4 (twice), RV, "whiles it remained, did it (not) remain (thine own)?;" 27:41; 1 Cor. 7:11; 15:6; 2 Cor. 3:11,14; 9:9, AV (RV, "abideth"); Heb. 12:27; 1 John 3:9. See ABIDE.

<2,,1265,diameno>
"to remain throughout" (dia, "through," and No. 1), is translated "to remain" in Luke 1:22; Heb. 1:11, AV (RV, "Thou continuest"). See CONTINUE, No. 4.

<3,,620,apoleipo>
in the Passive Voice, "to be reserved, to remain," is translated "remaineth" in Heb. 4:6,9; 10:26. See LEAVE, No. 4.

<4,,4035,perileipo>
"to leave over," used in the Middle Voice, is translated "remain" in 1 Thess. 4:15,17, AV (RV, "are left"), where it stands for the living believers at the coming (the beginning of the Parousia) of Christ.

<5,,4052,perisseuo>
"to abound, to be over and above, to remain over," is rendered "(that which) remained over" in Matt. 14:20, RV; and Luke 9:17, RV (AV, "remained"); John 6:12,13 (AV, "... over and above"). See ABUNDANCE, B, No. 1.

Notes: (1) In Mark 8:8, perisseuma, "an abundance," is used in the plural, RV, "(of broken pieces) that remained over" (AV "that was left"). (2) In 1 Cor. 7:29, AV, to loipon, lit., "(as to) what is left," "(as for) the rest," is translated "it remaineth" (RV, "henceforth"); in Rev. 3:2, ta loipa, the plural, "the things that remain."

Remember, Remembrance, Reminded <A-1,Verb,3403,mimnesko>
from the older form mnaomai, in the Active Voice signifies "to remind;" in the Middle Voice, "to remind oneself of," hence, "to remember, to be mindful of;" the later form is found only in the present tense, in Heb. 2:6, "are mindful of," and Heb. 13:3, "remember;" the perfect tense in 1 Cor. 11:2; 2 Tim. 1:4 (RV, "remembering," AV, "being mindful of"), is used with a present meaning. RV variations from the AV are, in Luke 1:54, RV, "that He might remember" (AV, "in remembrance of"); 2 Pet. 3:2, "remember" (AV, "be mindful of"); Rev. 16:19 (Passive Voice), "was remembered" (AV, "came in rememberance"). The Passive Voice is used also in Acts 10:31, AV and RV, "are had in remembrance." See MINDFUL OF (to be).

<A-2,Verb,3421,mnemoneuo>
signifies "to call to mind, remember;" it is used absolutely in Mark 8:18; everywhere else it has an object, (a) persons, Luke 17:32; Gal. 2:10; 2 Tim. 2:8, where the RV rightly has "remember Jesus Christ, risen from the dead;" Paul was not reminding Timothy (nor did he need to) that Christ was raised from the dead (AV), what was needful for him was to "remember" (to keep in mind) the One who rose, the Source and Supplier of all his requirements; (b) things, e.g., Matt. 16:9; John 15:20; 16:21; Acts 20:35; Col. 4:18; 1 Thess. 1:3; 2:9; Heb. 11:15, "had been mindful of;" Heb. 13:7; Rev. 18:5; (c) a clause, representing a circumstance, etc., John 16:4; Acts 20:31; Eph. 2:11; 2 Thess. 2:5; Rev. 2:5; 3:3; in Heb. 11:22 it signifies "to make mention of." See MENTION.

<A-3,Verb,363,anamimnesko>
ana, "back," and No. 1, signifies in the Active Voice "to remind, call to one's mind," 1 Cor. 4:17, "put (AV, bring) ... into remembrance;" so 2 Tim. 1:6; in the Passive Voice, "to remember, call to (one's own) mind," Mark 11:21, "calling to remembrance;" Mark 14:72, "called to mind;" 2 Cor. 7:15, "remembereth;" Heb. 10:32, "call to remembrance."

<A-4,Verb,5279,hupomimnesko>
signifies "to cause one to remember, put one in mind of" (hupo, "under," often implying suggestion, and No. 1), John 14:26, "shall ... bring ... to (your) remembrance;" 2 Tim. 2:14, "put ... in remembrance;" Titus 3:1, "put ... in mind;" 3 John 1:10, RV, "I will bring to remembrance" (AV, "I will remember"); Jude 1:5, "to put ... in remembrance." In Luke 22:61 it is used in the Passive Voice, "(Peter) remembered," lit., "was put in mind."

<A-5,Verb,1878,epanamimnesko>
"to remind again" (epi, "upon," and No. 3), is used in Rom. 15:15, RV, "putting (you) again in remembrance," AV, "putting (you) in mind." See MIND.

Note: In 1 Tim. 4:6, AV, hupotithemi, "to lay under, to suggest," is translated "put ... in remembrance" (RV, "put ... in mind"). See MIND.

<B-1,Noun,364,anamnesis>
"a remembrance" (ana, "up," or "again," and A, No. 1), is used (a) in Christ's command in the institution of the Lord's Supper, Luke 22:19; 1 Cor. 11:24,25, not "in memory of" but in an affectionate calling of the Person Himself to mind; (b) of the "remembrance" of sins, Heb. 10:3, RV, "a remembrance" (AV, "a remembrance again;" but the prefix ana does not here signify "again"); what is indicated, in regard to the sacrifices under the Law; is not simply an external bringing to "remembrance," but an awakening of mind. In the Sept., Lev. 24:7; Num. 10:10; Ps. 38:1; 70:1, Titles.

<B-2,Noun,5280,hupomnesis>
denotes "a reminding, a reminder;" in 2 Tim. 1:5 it is used with lambano, "to receive," lit., "having received a reminder," RV, "having been reminded" (AV, "when I call to remembrance"); in 2 Pet. 1:13; 3:1, "remembrance."

Note: A distinction has been drawn between Nos. 1 and 2, in that anamnesis indicates an unassisted recalling, hupomnesis, a "remembrance" prompted by another.

<B-3,Noun,3417,mneia>
denotes "a rembrance," or "a mention." See MENTION.

<B-4,Noun,3420,mneme>
denotes "a memory" (akin to mnaomai, A, No. 1), "remembrance, mention," 2 Pet. 1:15, "remembrance;" here, however, it is used with poieo, "to make" (Middle Voice), and some suggest that the meaning is "to make mention."

Remission, Remit <A-1,Noun,859,aphesis>
"a dismissal, release" (from aphiemi, B), is used of the forgiveness of sins and translated "remission" in Matt. 26:28; Mark 1:4; Luke 1:77; 3:3; 24:47; Acts 2:38; 5:31 (AV, "forgiveness"); 10:43; 13:38, RV (AV, "forgiveness"); 26:18 (ditto); Heb. 9:22; 10:18. See FORGIVE, B, and A, No. 1.

<A-2,Noun,3929,paresis>
"a passing by of debt or sin," Rom. 3:25, AV, "remission" (RV and AV marg., "passing over"). See PASSING OVER.

Note: No. 2 is a matter of forbearance, No. 1 a matter of grace.

<B-1,Verb,863,aphiemi>
"to send away" (akin to A, No. 1), is translated "to remit" in John 20:23 (twice), AV (RV, "to forgive"). Scripture makes clear that the Lord's words could not have been intended to bestow the exercise of absolution, which Scripture declares is the prerogative of God alone. There is no instance in the NT of this act on the part of the Apostles. The words are to be understood in a "declarative" sense; the statement has regard to the effects of their ministry of the gospel, with its twofold effects of "remisson" or retention. They could not, nor could anyone subsequently, forgive sins, any more than that Joseph actually restored the butler to his office and hanged the baker (Gen. 41:13), or any more than that the prophets actually accomplished things when they declared that they were about to be done (Jer. 1:10; Ezek. 43:3). See FORGIVE, No. 1.

Remnant <1,,3062,loipos>
an adjective (akin to leipo, "to leave") signifying "remaining," is used as a noun and translated "the rest" in the RV, where the AV has "the remnant," Matt. 22:6; Rev. 11:13; 12:17; 19:21. See OTHER, RESIDUE, REST (the).

<2,,3005,leimma>
"that which is left" (akin to leipo, "to leave"), "a remnant," is used in Rom. 11:5, "there is a remnant," i.e., there is a spiritual "remnant" saved by the gospel from the midst of apostate Israel. While on one sense there has been and is a considerable number, yet, compared with the whole nation, past and present, the "remnant" is small, and as such is an evidence of God's electing grace (see ver. 4). In the Sept., 2 Kings 19:4.

<3,,5259 3005,hupolemma>
hupo, "under," signifying "diminution," and No. 2, is used in Rom. 9:27: some mss. have kataleimma, which has virtually the same meaning (kata, "down, behind"), "a remnant," where the contrast is drawn between the number of Israel as a whole, and the small number in it of those who are saved through the Gospel. The quotation is chiefly from the Sept. of Isa. 10:22,23, with a modification recalling Hosea 1:10, especially with regard to the word "number." The return of the "remnant" is indicated in the name "Shear-Jashub," see Isa. 7:3, marg. The primary reference was to the return of a remnant from captivity to their own land and to God Himself; here the application is to the effects of the gospel. There is stress on the word "remnant."

Remove, Removing <A-1,Verb,3327,metabanio>
"to pass over from one place to another" (meta, implying "change," and baino, "to go"), is translated "to remove" in Matt. 17:20 (twice). See PASS, No. 7.

<A-2,Verb,3179,methistemi>
is used transitively in the sense of causing "to remove," in Acts 13:22, of the "removing" of King Saul, by bringing about his death; in 1 Cor. 13:2, of "removing" mountains. See PUT, No. 23, TRANSLATE, TURN.

<A-3,Verb,3346,metatithemi>
"to remove a person or thing from one place to another" (meta, implying "change," tithemi, "to put"), e.g., Acts 7:16, "were carried over," signifies, in the Middle Voice, "to change oneself," and is so used in Gal. 1:6 "(I marvel that) ye are ... removing," RV (not as AV, "removed"); the present tense suggests that the defection of the Galatians from the truth was not yet complete and would continue unless they changed their views. The Middle Voice indicates that they were themselves responsible for their declension, rather than the Judaizers who had influenced them. See CARRY, No. 5.

<A-4,Verb,3911,paraphero>
lit., "to bring to or before" (para, "beside," phero, "to carry"), "to take or carry away," is translated "remove" in the Lord's prayer in Gethsemane, Mark 14:36, RV (AV, "take away"); Luke 22:42. See TAKE. In the Sept., 1 Sam. 21:13.

<A-5,Verb,3351,metoikizo>
"to remove to a new abode, cause to migrate" (meta, implying "change," oikos, "a dwelling place"), is translated "removed" in Acts 7:4; "I will carry ... away" (Acts 7:43). See CARRYING AWAY, B.

<A-6,Verb,673,apochorizo>
"to separate, part asunder," is used in the Passive Voice in Rev. 6:14, "(the heaven) was removed," RV (AV, "departed"). See DEPART, No. 14.

Notes: (1) In Matt. 21:21; Mark 11:23, airo, "to lift, take up," is translated "be thou removed" (RV, "be thou taken up"). (2) In Rev. 2:5, AV, kineo, "to move" (RV), is translated "will remove." See MOVE.

<B-1,Noun,3331,metathesis>
"change of position" (transliterated in Eng., "metathesis," a transposition of the letter of a word), from meta, implying "change," and tithemi, "to place," is used only in Hebrews and translated "removing" in Heb. 12:27; "translation" in Heb. 11:5; "change" in Heb. 7:12. See CHANGE, A.

Rend, Rent (Verb and Noun) <A-1,Verb,4486,rhegnumi>
"to tear, rend," is translated "to rend" in Matt. 7:6, of swine. See BREAK, A, No. 6.

<A-2,Verb,1284,diarrhesso | diaresso> a late form of diarrhegnumi, "to break asunder, rend" (dia, "through," and No. 1), is used of "rending" one's garments, Matt. 26:65; Mark 14:63; Acts 14:14. See BREAK, A, No. 7.

<A-3,Verb,4048,perirrhegnumi | periregnumi> "to tear off all round" (peri, "around"), is said of garments in Acts 16:22.

<A-4,Verb,4977,schizo>
"to split, rend open," translated "to rend" in Matt. 27:51 (twice); Mark 1:10, RV, "rent asunder" (AV, "open"); Mark 15:38; Luke 5:36, RV, "rendeth (from);" the AV follows the mss. which omit it in the 1st part of this verse; Luke 23:45; John 19:24; 21:11, RV, "rent" (AV, "broken"), of a net. See BREAK, A, No. 12.

<A-5,Verb,1288,diaspao>
"to tear asunder," is translated "rent asunder" in Mark 5:4, RV (AV, "plucked asunder"); for Acts 23:10, see TEAR.

Note: In Mark 9:26, AV, sparasso, "to tear" (RV), is rendered "rent." See TEAR.

<B-1,Noun,4978,schisma>
"a rent, division" (akin to A, No. 4), signifies a "rent" in wine-skins in Matt. 9:16; Mark 2:21. See DIVISION, No. 3.

Render <1,,591,apodidomi>
"to give up or back," is translated "to render," (a) of righteous acts, (1) human, Matt. 21:41; 22:21; Mark 12:17; Luke 16:2, RV (AV, "give"); Luke 20:25; Rom. 13:7; 1 Cor. 7:3; (2) Divine, Matt. 16:27, RV, "shall render" (AV, "shall reward"), an important RV change; Rom. 2:6; 2 Tim. 4:14, RV (AV, "reward"); Rev. 18:6 (ditto); 22:12, RV (AV, "give"); (b) of unrighteous acts, Rom. 12:17, RV (AV, "recompense"); 1 Thess. 5:15; 1 Pet. 3:9. See DELIVER, A, No. 3, RECOMPENSE, B, No. 2.

<2,,467,antapodidomi>
"to give in return for," is translated "render" in 1 Thess. 3:9. See RECOMPENSE, REPAY.

<3,,3930,parecho>
"to furnish, provide, supply," is translated "render" in Col. 4:1, RV (AV, "give"), of what is due from masters to servants. See GIVE, No. 8.

<4,,1325,didomi>
"to give," is translated "rendering" in 2 Thess. 1:8, RV (AV, "taking"), of the Divine execution of vengeance at the revelation of Christ from heaven hereafter. See GIVE, No. 1.

Renew, Renewing (Verb and Noun) <A-1,Verb,341,anakainoo>
"to make new" (ana, "back" or "again," kainos, "new," not recent but different), "to renew," is used in the Passive Voice in 2 Cor. 4:16, of the daily renewal of "the inward man" (in contrast to the physical frame), i.e., of the "renewal" of spiritual power; in Col. 3:10, of "the new man" (in contrast to the old unregenerate nature), which "is being renewed unto knowledge," RV (cp. No. 3 in Eph. 4:23), i.e., the true knowledge in Christ, as opposed to heretical teachings.

Note: This word has not been found elsewhere in Greek writings as yet, though No. 2 is, which would prevent the supposition that the Apostle coined a new word.

<A-2,Verb,340,anakainizo>
is a variant form of No. 1, used in Heb. 6:6, of the imposibility of "renewing" to repentance those Jews who professedly adhered to the Christian faith, if, after their experiences of it (not actual possession of its regenerating effects), they apostatized into their former Judaism. In the Sept., 2 Chron. 15:8; Ps. 39:2; 103:5; 104:30; Lam. 5:21.

<A-3,Verb,365,ananeoo>
"to renew, make young" (ana, as in No. 1, and neos, "recent," not different), is used in Eph. 4:23, "be renewed (in the spirit of your mind)." The "renewal" here mentioned is not that of the mind itself in its natural powers of memory, judgment and perception, but "the spirit of the mind," which, under the controlling power of the indwelling Holy Spirit, directs its bent and energies Godward in the enjoyment of "fellowship with the Father and with His Son, Jesus Christ," and of the fulfillment of the will of God. The word is frequent in inscriptions and in the papyri.

<B-1,Noun,342,anakainosis>
akin to A, No. 1, "a renewal," is used in Rom. 12:2, "the renewing (of your mind)," i.e., the adjustment of the moral and spiritual vision and thinking to the mind of God, which is designed to have a transforming effect upon the life; in Titus 3:5, where "the renewing of the Holy Spirit" is not a fresh bestowment of the Spirit, but a revival of His power, developing the Christian life; this passage stresses the continual operation of the indwelling Spirit of God; the Romans passage stresses the willing response on the part of the believer.

Renounce <1,,550,apeipon>
lit., "to tell from" (apo, "from," eipon, an aorist form used to supply parts of lego, "to say"), signifies "to renounce," 2 Cor. 4:2 (Middle Voice), of disowning "the hidden things of shame." In the Sept. of 1 Kings 11:2 it signifies "to forbid," a meaning found in the papyri. The meaning "to renounce" may therefore carry with it the thought of forbidding the approach of the things disowned.

<2,,657,apotasso>
"to set apart, to appoint," a meaning found in the papyri (apo, from, tasso, "to arrange"), is used in the Middle Voice in the sense either of "taking leave of," e.g., Acts 18:18, or "forsaking," Luke 14:33, RV, "renounceth" (AV "forsaketh"). See FORSAKE, LEAVE.

Repay <1,,591,apodidomi>
"to give back," is translated "I will repay" in Luke 10:35. See DELIVER, A, No. 3, RECOMPENSE, B, No. 2, RENDER, No. 1.

<2,,467,antapodidomi>
"to give in return for," is translated "I will repay" in Rom. 12:19, AV (RV, "I will recompense"). See RECOMPENSE, B, No. 1, RENDER, No. 2.

<3,,661,apotino | apotio> signifying "to pay off" (apo, "off," tino, "to pay a fine"), is used in Philem. 1:19, of Paul's promise to "repay" whatever Onesimus owed Philemon, or to whatever extent the runaway slave had wronged his master. The verb is very common in the papyri, e.g., in a contract of apprenticeship the father has to pay a forfeit for each day of the son's absence from work. Moulton and Milligan, who draw this and other illustrations in the way of "repayment," point out that "this verb is stronger than apodidomi (No. 1), and carries with it the idea of 'repayment' by way of a fine or punishment, a fact which lends emphasis to its use in Philem. 1:19."

Repent, Repentance <A-1,Verb,3340,metanoeo>
lit., "to perceive afterwards" (meta, "after," implying "change," noeo, "to perceive;" nous, "the mind, the seat of moral reflection"), in contrast to pronoeo, "to perceive beforehand," hence signifies "to change one's mind or purpose," always, in the NT, involving a change for the better, an amendment, and always, except in Luke 17:3,4, of "repentance" from sin. The word is found in the Synoptic Gospels (in Luke, nine times), in Acts five times, in the Apocalypse twelve times, eight in the messages to the churches, Rev. 2:5 (twice),16,21 (twice), RV, "she willeth not to repent" (2nd part); Rev. 3:3,19 (the only churches in those chapters which contain no exhortation in this respect are those at Smyrna and Philadelphia); elsewhere only in 2 Cor. 12:21. See also the general Note below.

<A-2,Verb,3338,metamelomai>
meta, as in No. 1, and melo, "to care for," is used in the Passive Voice with the Middle Voice sense, signifying "to regret, to repent oneself," Matt. 21:29, RV, "repented himself;" Matt. 21:32, RV, "ye did (not) repent yourselves" (AV, "ye repented not"); Matt. 27:3, "repented himself" 2 Cor. 7:8 (twice), RV, "regret" in each case; Heb. 7:21, where alone in the NT it is said (negatively) of God.

<B-1,Adjective,278,ametameletos>
"not repented of, unregretted" (a, negative, and a verbal adjective of A, No. 2), signifies "without change of purpose;" it is said (a) of God in regard to his "gifts and calling," Rom. 11:29; (b) of man, 2 Cor. 7:10, RV, "[repentance (metanoia, see C)] ... which bringeth no regret" (AV, "not to be repented of"); the difference between metanoia and metamelomai, illustrated here, is briefly expressed in the contrast between "repentance" and "regret."

<C-1,Noun,3341,metanoia>
"afterthought, change of mind, repentance," corresponds in meaning to A, No. 1, and is used of "repentance" from sin or evil, except in Heb. 12:17, where the word "repentance" seems to mean, not simply a change of Isaac's mind, but such a change as would reverse the effects of his own previous state of mind. Esau's birthright-bargain could not be recalled; it involved an irretrievable loss. As regards "repentance" from sin, (a) the requirement by God on man's part is set forth, e.g., in Matt. 3:8; Luke 3:8; Acts 20:21; 26:20; (b) the mercy of God in giving "repentance" or leading men to it is set forth, e.g., in Acts 5:31; 11:18; Rom. 2:4; 2 Tim. 2:25. The most authentic mss. omit the word in Matt. 9:13; Mark 2:17, as in the RV.

Note: In the OT, "repentance" with reference to sin is not so prominent as that change of mind or purpose, out of pity for those who have been affected by one's action, or in whom the results of the action have not fulfilled expectations, a "repentance" attributed both to God and to man, e.g., Gen. 6:6; Exod. 32:14 (that this does not imply anything contrary to God's immutability, but that the aspect of His mind is changed toward an object that has itself changed, see under RECONCILE).

In the NT the subject chiefly has reference to "repentance" from sin, and this change of mind involves both a turning from sin and a turning to God. The parable of the Prodigal Son is an outstanding illustration of this. Christ began His ministry with a call to "repentance," Matt. 4:17, but the call is addressed, not as in the OT to the nation, but to the individual. In the Gospel of John, as distinct from the Synoptic Gospels, referred to above, "repentance" is not mentioned, even in connection with John the Baptist's preaching; in John's Gospel and 1st Epistle the effects are stressed, e.g., in the new birth, and, generally, in the active turning from sin to God by the exercise of faith (John 3:3; 9:38; 1 John 1:9), as in the NT in general.

Repetitions (use vain) <1,,945,battalogeo | battologeo> "to repeat idly," is used in Matt. 6:7, "use (not) vain repetitions;" the meaning "to stammer" is scarcely to be associated with this word. The word is probably from an Aramaic phrase and onomatopoeic in character. The rendering of the Sinaitic Syriac is "Do not be saying battalatha, idle things," i.e., meaningless and mechanically repeated phrases, the reference being to pagan (not Jewish) modes of prayer. Battalos, "the Gabbler," was a nickname for Demosthenes, the great orator, assigned to him by his rivals.

Reply <1,,470,antapokrinomai>
is translated "repliest against" in Rom. 9:20 (anti, "against," apokrinomai, "to answer"); in Luke 14:6, "answer again." See ANSWER, B, No. 2.

Report (Noun and Verb) <A-1,Noun,189,akoe>
"a hearing," is translated "report" in John 12:38; Rom. 10:16, and in the RV of Matt. 4:24; 14:1; Mark 1:28. See HEARING, B, No. 1.

<A-2,Noun,2162,euphemia>
"a good report, good reputation" (eu, "well," pheme "a saying or report"), is used in 2 Cor. 6:8. Contrast No. 3.

<A-3,Noun,1426,dusphemia>
"evil-speaking, defamation" (dus-, an inseparable prefix, the opposite to eu, "well," see No. 2), is used in 2 Cor. 6:8.

<A-4,Noun,3056,logos>
"a word," is translated "report," i.e., "a story, narrative;" in Luke 5:15 (AV, "fame"); 7:17 (AV, "rumor"); Acts 11:22 (AV, "tidings"). See WORD.

Note: For marturia, rendered "report" in 1 Tim. 3:7, AV, see TESTIMONY, WITNESS.

<B-1,Adjective,2613,euphemos>
akin to A, No. 2, primarily, "uttering words or sounds of good omen," then, "avoiding ill-omened words," and hence "fair-sounding," "of good report," is so rendered in Phil. 4:8.

<C-1,Verb,3140,martureo>
"to be a witness, bear witness, testify," signifies, in the Passive Voice, "to be well testified of, to have a good report," Acts 6:3, "of good (AV, honest) report," lit., "being well testified of;" 10:22; 16:2; 22:12; 1 Tim. 5:10; in Heb. 11:2,39, AV, "obtained a good report" (RV, "had witness borne to them"); in 3 John 1:12, AV, "hath good report" (RV, "hath the witness"), lit., "witness hath been borne." See TESTIFY, WITNESS.

<C-2,Verb,518,apangello>
"to report" (apo, "from," angello, "to give a message"), "announce, declare" (by a messenger, speaker, or writer), is translated "reported" in Acts 4:23; 16:36, RV (AV, "told"); 16:38 (some mss. have No. 3; AV, "told"); "report" in 1 Cor. 14:25, AV (RV, "declaring"); 1 Thess. 1:9, RV, "report" (AV, "shew"); so Acts 28:21. See DECLARE, No. 2.

<C-3,Verb,312,anangello>
"to bring back word," in later Greek came to have the same meaning as No. 2, "to announce, declare;" it is translated "are reported" in 1 Pet. 1:12, AV (RV, "have been announced"). See DECLARE, No. 1.

<C-4,Verb,191,akouo>
"to hear," is used in the Passive Voice, impersonally, in 1 Cor. 5:1, lit., "it is heard" or "there is heard," translated "it is reported." See HEAR.

<C-5,Verb,987,blasphemeo>
"to speak slanderously, impiously, profanely" (blapto, "to injure," and pheme, "a saying"), is translated "we be slanderously reported" in Rom. 3:8 (Passive Voice). See BLASPHEME, B.

Note: In Matt. 28:15, AV, diaphemizo, "to spread abroad" (dia, "throughout," pheme, "a saying, report"), is translated "is commonly reported" (RV, "was spread abroad"). See BLAZE ABROAD.

Reproach (Noun and Verb), Reproachfully <A-1,Noun,3680,oneidismos>
"a reproach, defamation," is used in Rom. 15:3; 1 Tim. 3:7; Heb. 10:33; 11:26; 13:13.

<A-2,Noun,3681,oneidos>
akin to No. 1, is used in Luke 1:25 in the concrete sense of "a matter of reproach, a disgrace." To have no children was, in the Jewish mind, more than a misfortune, it might carry the implication that this was a Divine punishment for some secret sin. Cp. Gen. 30:1; 1 Sam. 1:6-10.

<A-3,Noun,819,atimia>
"dishonor," is translated "reproach" in 2 Cor. 11:21, AV (RV, "disparagement"). See DISHONOR, SHAME, VILE.

Note: In 2 Cor. 12:10, AV, hubris, "insolence, injury," is translated "reproaches" (RV, "injuries"). See HARM.

<B-1,Verb,3679,oneidizo>
akin to A, Nos. 1 and 2, signifies (a), in the Active Voice, "to reproach, upbraid," Matt. 5:11, RV, "shall reproach" (AV, "shall revile"); Matt. 11:20, "to upbraid;" Matt. 27:44, RV, "cast ... reproach" [AV, "cast ... in (His) teeth"]; Mark 15:32 RV, "reproached" (AV, "reviled"); Mark 16:14 "upbraided;" Luke 6:22 "shall reproach;" Rom. 15:3; Jas. 1:5, "upbraideth;" (b) in the Passive Voice, "to suffer reproach, be reproached," 1 Tim. 4:10 (in some mss. in the 2nd part); 1 Pet. 4:14.

<B-2,Verb,5195,hubrizo>
akin to hubris (see A, Note), used transitively, denotes "to outrage, insult, treat insolently;" it is translated "Thou reproachest" in Luke 11:45. The word is much stronger than "to reproach;" the significance is "Thou insultest (even us)," i.e., who are superior to ordinary Pharisees. The lawyer's imputation was unjust; Christ's rebuke was not hubris, "insult." What He actually said was by way of "reproach" (oneidizo). See DESPITEFULLY.

Notes: (1) For anepileptos, "without reproach," RV, in 1 Tim. 3:2; 5:7; 6:14, see BLAMELESS, B No. 5. (2) In 1 Tim. 5:14, AV, loidoria, "reviling" (RV), used in the genitive case with charin, "in respect of," "for," is translated "reproachfully" (RV, "for reviling"). Cp. loidoreo, "to revile." See RAILING.

Reprobate <1,,96,adokimos>
signifying "not standing the test, rejected" (a, negative, dokimos, "approved"), was primarily applied to metals (cp. Isa. 1:22); it is used always in the NT in a Passive sense, (a) of things, Heb. 6:8, "rejected," of land that bears thorns and thistles; (b) of persons, Rom. 1:28, of a "reprobate mind," a mind of which God cannot approve, and which must be rejected by Him, the effect of refusing "to have God in their knowledge;" in 1 Cor. 9:27 (for which see CAST, REJECTED); 2 Cor. 13:5,6,7, where the RV rightly translates the adjective "reprobate" (AV, "reprobates"), here the reference is to the great test as to whether Christ is in a person; in 2 Tim. 3:8 of those "reprobate concerning the faith," i.e., men whose moral sense is perverted and whose minds are beclouded with their own speculations; in Titus 1:16, of the defiled, who are "unto every good work reprobate," i.e., if they are put to the test in regard to any good work (in contrast to their profession), they can only be rejected. In the Sept., Prov. 25:4; Isa. 1:22.

Reproof, Reprove <A-1,Noun,1650,elegmos>
"a reproof" (akin to B), is found in the best texts in 2 Tim. 3:16 (some mss. have elenchos, which denotes "a proof, proving, test," as in Heb. 11:1, "proving," RV marg., "test"). Cp. elenxis, "rebuke," 2 Pet. 2:16 (lit., "had rebuke").

<B-1,Verb,1651,elencho>
"to convict, rebuke, reprove," is translated "to reprove" in Luke 3:19; John 3:20, RV marg., "convicted;" the real meaning here is "exposed" (AV marg., "discovered"); Eph. 5:11,13, where "to expose" is again the significance; in John 16:8, AV, "will reprove" (RV, "will convict"); in 1 Cor. 14:24, RV, "reproved" (AV, "convinced"); in the following the RV has "to reprove," for AV, "to rebuke," 1 Tim. 5:20; Titus 2:15; Heb. 12:5; Rev. 3:19; for synonymous words see CONVICT and REBUKE.

Reputation, Repute <1,,1380,dokeo>
signifies (a) "to be of opinion" (akin to doxa, "an opinion"), "to suppose," e.g., Luke 12:51; 13:2 (see SUPPOSE); (b) "to seem, to be reputed;" in Gal. 2:2, RV, "who were of repute" (AV, "which were of reputation"); in Gal. 2:6 (twice),9, RV, "were reputed" and "were of repute" (AV, "seemed"); in each case the present participle of the verb with the article is used, lit., "(well) thought of" by them, persons held in consideration; in Gal 2:6, RV, "(those) who were reputed to be somewhat" (AV, "who seemed to be somewhat"); so Gal 2:9, where there is no irony [cp. the rendering "are accounted" in Mark 10:42 (i.e., not rulers nominally)], Paul recognized that James, Cephas, and John were, as they were "reputed" by the church at Jerusalem, its responsible guides; (c) impersonally, "to think, to seem good." See SEEM and THINK.

The first meaning, "to suppose," implies a subjective opinion based on thought; the second meaning, exemplified in the Galatians passages, expresses, from the standpoint of the observer, his own judgment about a matter (Trench, Syn., lxxx).

Notes: (1) In Acts 5:34, AV, timios, "honored, had in honor" (RV), is translated "had in reputation." (2) In Phil. 2:29, AV, entimos, "honorable," with echo, "to have," i.e., "to hold in honor," is translated "hold ... in reputation" (RV, "hold ... in honor"). (3) For kenoo, in Phil. 2:7, AV, "made (Himself) of no reputation," see EMPTY.

Request (Noun and Verb) <A-1,Noun,155,aitema>
denotes "that which has been asked for" (akin to aiteo, "to ask"); in Luke 23:24, RV, "what they asked for" (AV, "as they required"), lit., "their request (should be done, ginomai);" in Phil. 4:6, "requests;" in 1 John 5:15, "petitions." See PETITION, REQUIRE.

<A-2,Noun,1162,deesis>
"an asking, entreaty, supplication," is translated "request" in Phil. 1:4, AV (RV, "supplication"). See PRAYER, SUPPLICATION.

<B-1,Verb,1189,deomai>
akin to A, No. 2, "to beseech, pray, request," is translated "to make request" in Rom. 1:10. See BESEECH, No. 3.

<B-2,Verb,154,aiteo>
"to ask," is translated "to make request" in Col. 1:9, RV (AV, "to desire"). See ASK, No. 1.

<B-3,Verb,2065,erotao>
"to ask," is translated "to make request" in 1 John 5:16. See ASK, No. 2 and remarks on the difference between Nos. 1 and 2.

Require <1,,2212,zeteo>
"to seek, seek after," also signifies "to require, demand," "shall be required," Luke 12:48; in 1 Cor. 4:2, "it is required (in stewards)." See DESIRE, Note (2), ENDEAVOR, GO, Note (2) (a), SEEK.

<2,,1567,ekzeteo>
"to seek out" (ek, "out," and No. 1), also denotes "to demand, require," Luke 11:50,51, of executing vengeance for the slaughter of the prophets (cp. 2 Sam. 4:11; Ezek. 3:18). See SEEK.

<3,,523,apaiteo>
"to ask back, demand back" (apo, "from," or "back," aiteo, "to ask"), is translated "shall be required" in Luke 12:20, lit. "do they require," in the impersonal sense; elsewhere, Luke 6:30, "to ask again." It is used in the papyri frequently in the sense of "demanding, making demands."

<4,,4238,prasso>
"to do, practice, perform," is used financially in the sense of "exacting" payment, in Luke 19:23. See EXTORT, A.

Notes: (1) In Luke 23:23, AV, aiteo, "to ask" (Middle Voice) is translated "requiring" (RV, "asking'); so in 1 Cor. 1:22 (Active Voice, AV, "require" (RV, "ask"). (2) In Luke 23:24, AV, the noun aitema (see REQUEST), "that which is asked for," is translated "as they required" (RV, "what they asked for"). (3) In 1 Cor. 7:36 the rendering "need so requireth" (RV) represents the phrase houtos ("thus") opheilei ("it ought") genesthai ("to become," i.e., "to be done").

Requite <1,,287,amoibe>
"a requital, recompence" (akin to ameibomai, "to repay," not found in the NT), is used with the verb apodidomi, "to render," in 1 Tim. 5:4, and translated "to requite." This use is illustrated in the papyri by way of making a return, conferring a benefaction in return for something (Moulton and Milligan).

Rescue <1,,1807,exaireo>
"to take out" (ek, "from," haireo, "to take"), is used of "delivering" from persons and circumstances, and translated "rescued" in Acts 23:27. See DELIVER, No. 8, PLUCK.

Resemble * For RESEMBLE, Luke 13:18, AV, see LIKEN, B, No. 1.

Reserve <1,,5083,tereo>
"to guard, keep, preserve, give heed to," is translated "to reserve," (a) with a happy issue, 1 Pet. 1:4; (b) with a retributive issue, 2 Pet. 2:4; 2:9, AV (RV, "keep"); 2:17; 3:7; Jude 1:6, AV (RV, "hath kept"); 1:13; (c) with the possibility either of deliverance or execution, Acts 25:21, AV (RV, "kept"). See KEEP.

Note: In Rom. 11:4, AV, kataleipo, "to leave behind, leave remaining," is translated "I have reserved" (RV, "I have left"). See LEAVE.

Residue <1,,2645,kataloipos>
an adjective denoting "left remaining" (kata, "after, behind," leipo, "to leave"), akin to the verb in the Note above, is translated "residue" in Acts 15:17, from the Sept. of Amos 9:12.

Note: In Mark 16:13, AV, the plural of loipos, "left," is translated "residue" (RV, "rest").

Resist <1,,436,anthistemi>
"to set against" (anti, "against," histemi, "to cause to stand"), used in the Middle (or Passive) Voice and in the intransitive 2nd aorist and perfect Active, signifying "to withstand, oppose, resist," is translated "to resist" in Matt. 5:39; Acts 6:10, AV (RV, "withstand"); Rom. 9:19, AV (RV, "withstandeth"); 13:2 (2nd and 3rd parts; for 1st part, see No. 3), AV (RV, "withstandeth" and "withstand"); Gal. 2:11, RV (AV, "withstood"); 2 Tim. 3:8 (2nd part), AV (RV, "withstand"); Jas. 4:7; 1 Pet. 5:9, AV (RV, "withstand"); "to withstand" in Acts 13:8; Eph. 6:13; 2 Tim. 3:8 (1st part); 4:15.

<2,,478,antikathistemi>
"to stand firm against" (anti, "against," kathistemi, "to set down," kata), is translated "ye have (not) resisted" in Heb. 12:4. In the Sept., Deut. 31:21; Josh. 5:7; Mic. 2:8.

<3,,498,antitasso>
anti, "against," tasso, "to arrange," originally a military term, "to range in battle against," and frequently so found in the papyri, is used in the Middle Voice signifying "to set oneself against, resist," (a) of men, Acts 18:6, "opposed themselves;" elsewhere "to resist," of resisting human potentates, Rom. 13:2; (b) of God, Jas. 4:6; 5:6, negatively, of leaving persistent evildoers to pursue their self-determined course, with eventual retribution; 1 Pet. 5:5. See OPPOSE.

<4,,496,antipipto>
lit., and primarily, "to fall against or upon" (anti, "against," pipto, "to fall"), then, "to strive against, resist," is used in Acts 7:51 of "resisting" the Holy Spirit.

Resolve <1,,1097,ginosko>
"to come to know, perceive, realize," is used in the 2nd aorist tense in Luke 16:4. "I am resolved," expressing the definiteness of the steward's realization, and his consequent determination of his course of action. See KNOW.

Resort <1,,2064,erchomai>
"to come," is translated "resorted" in Mark 2:13; in John 10:41 (RV, "came"). See COME, No. 1.

<2,,1975,epiporeuomai>
"to travel or journey to a place" (epi, "to," poreuomai, "to go"), is translated "resorted" in Luke 8:4, RV (AV, "were come").

<3,,4863,sunago>
"to gather or bring together" (sun, "with," ago, "to bring"), in the Passive Voice, "to be gathered or come together," is translated "resorted" in John 18:2 (the aorist tense expressing repeated action viewed cumulatively). See ASSEMBLE, GATHER, LEAD, Note (1).

Notes: (1) In the AV of John 18:20; Acts 16:13, sunerchomai, "to come together" (RV), is translated "to resort." (2) In Mark 10:1, AV, sumporeuomai, "to come together" (RV), is translated "resort."

Respect (Noun and Verb) <A-1,Noun,3313,meros>
"a part," has occasionally the meaning of "a class" or category," and, used in the dative case with en, "in," signifies "in respect of," 2 Cor. 3:10, "in (this) respect;" 2 Cor. 9:3, RV, AV, "in (this) behalf;" Col. 2:16, "in respect of (a feast day)."

<B-1,Verb,578,apoblepo>
"to look away from all else at one object" (apo, "from"), hence, "to look steadfastly," is translated "he had respect" in Heb. 11:26, AV (RV, "looked"). See LOOK.

<B-2,Verb,1914,epiblepo>
"to look upon" (epi), is translated "have respect" in Jas. 2:3 (RV "regard"); see LOOK, No. 6.

Notes: (1) The following prepositions are translated "in respect of:" peri, "concerning," in John 16:8, RV; epi, "upon, over," in Heb. 11:4, RV; marg., "over (his gifts);" kata, "in regard to," in Phil. 4:11. (2) For "respect of persons" and "respecter of persons" see PERSON.

Rest (Noun and Verb) <A-1,Noun,372,anapausis>
"cessation, refreshment, rest" (ana, "up," pauo, "to make to cease"), the constant word in the Sept. for the Sabbath "rest," is used in Matt. 11:29; here the contrast seems to be to the burdens imposed by the Pharisees. Christ's "rest" is not a "rest" from work, but in work, "not the rest of inactivity but of the harmonious working of all the faculties and affections, of will, heart, imagination, conscience, because each has found in God the ideal sphere for its satisfaction and development" (J. Patrick, in Hastings' Bib. Dic.); it occurs also in Matt. 12:43; Luke 11:24; Rev. 4:8, RV, "(they have no) rest" [AV, "(they) rest (not)"], where the noun is the object of the verb echo, "to have;" so in 14:11.

<A-2,Noun,2663,katapausis>
in classical Greek, denotes "a causing to cease" or "putting to rest;" in the NT, "rest, repose;" it is used (a) of God's "rest;" Acts 7:49; Heb. 3:11,18; 4:1,3 (twice), RV (1st part), "that rest" (the AV, "rest," is ambiguous), Heb 4:5,11; (b) in a general statement, applicable to God and man, Heb. 4:10.

<A-3,Noun,425,anesis>
for the significance of which see EASE, B, is translated "rest" in 2 Cor. 2:13, AV (RV, "relief"); 7:5 (ditto); in 2 Thess. 1:7, the subject is not the "rest" to be granted to the saints, but the Divine retribution on their persecutors; hence the phrase "and to you that are afflicted rest with us," is an incidental extension of the idea of recompense, and is to be read parenthetically. The time is not that at which the saints will be relieved of persecution, as in 1 Thess. 4:15-17, when the Parousia of Christ begins, but that at which the persecutors will be punished, namely, at the epiphany (or out-shining) of His Parousia (2 Thess. 2:8). For similar parentheses characteristic of epistolary writings see 1 Thess. 4:10; 1:6; 2:15,16.

<A-4,Noun,4520,sabbatismos>
"a Sabbath-keeping," is used in Heb. 4:9, RV, "a sabbath rest," AV marg., "a keeping of a sabbath" (akin to sabbatizo, "to keep the Sabbath," used, e.g., in Exod. 16:30, not in the NT); here the sabbath-keeping is the perpetual sabbath "rest" to be enjoyed uninterruptedly by believers in their fellowship with the Father and the Son, in contrast to the weekly Sabbath under the Law. Because this sabbath "rest" is the "rest" of God Himself, Heb. 4:10, its full fruition is yet future, though believers now enter into it. In whatever way they enter into Divine "rest," that which they enjoy is involved in an indissoluble relation with God.

<A-5,Noun,2838,koimesis>
"a resting, reclining" (akin to keimai, "to lie"), is used in John 11:13, of natural sleep, translated "taking rest," RV.

Note: In Acts 9:31, AV, eirene, "peace" (RV), is translated "rest."

<B-1,Verb,373,anapauo>
akin to A, No. 1, in the Active Voice, signifies "to give intermission from labor, to give rest, to refresh," Matt. 11:28; 1 Cor. 16:18, "have refreshed;" Philem. 1:7, "are refreshed;" in the Middle Voice, "to take or enjoy rest," Matt. 26:45; Mark 6:31; 14:41; Luke 12:19, "take thine ease;" 1 Pet. 4:14; Rev. 6:11; 14:13. See REFRESH. In the papyri it is found as an agricultural term, e.g., of giving land "rest" by sowing light crops upon it. In inscriptions it is found on gravestones of Christians, followed by the date of death (Moulton and Milligan).

<B-2,Verb,2664,katapauo>
akin to A, No. 2, used transitively, signifies "to cause to cease, restrain," Acts 14:18; "to cause to rest," Heb. 4:8; intransitively, "to rest," Heb. 4:4,10. See CEASE, A, No. 6, RESTRAIN.

<B-3,Verb,1981,episkenoo>
"to spread a tabernacle over" (epi, "upon," skene, "a tent"), is used metaphorically in 2 Cor. 12:9, "may rest upon (me)," RV, marg., "cover," "spread a tabernacle over."

<B-4,Verb,2681,kataskenoo>
"to pitch one's tent, lodge," is translated "shall rest," in Acts 2:26, AV (RV, "shall dwell"). See LODGE.

<B-5,Verb,2270,hesuchazo>
"to be still, to rest from labor," is translated "they rested" in Luke 23:56. See PEACE (hold one's), No. 3.

<B-6,Verb,1879,epanapauo>
"to cause to rest," is used in the Middle Voice, metaphorically, signifying "to rest upon" (epi, "upon," and No. 1), in Luke 10:6; Rom. 2:17.

Note: For "find rest" Rom. 15:32, RV, see REFRESH, No. 2.

Rest (the) <1,,3062,loipos>
"remaining" (for which see REMNANT), is frequently used to mean "the rest," and is generally so translated in the RV (AV, "others" in Luke 8:10; Acts 28:9; Eph. 2:3; 1 Thess. 4:13; 5:6; 1 Tim. 5:20; AV, "other" in Luke 18:11; Acts 17:9; Rom. 1:13; 2 Cor. 12:13; 13:2; Gal. 2:13; Phil. 1:13; 4:3); the neut. plur., lit., "remaining things," is used in Luke 12:26; 1 Cor. 11:34.

<2,,1954,epiloipos>
signifying "still left, left over" (epi, "over," and No. 1), is used in the neuter with the article in 1 Pet. 4:2, "the rest (of your time)."

Restitution * For RESTITUTION see RESTORATION

Restless <1,,182,akatastatos>
"unsettled, unstable, disorderly" (a, negative, kathistemi, "to set in order"), is translated "unstable" in Jas. 1:8; "restless" in Jas. 3:8, RV [in the latter, the AV "unruly" represents the word akataschetos, signifying "that cannot be restrained" (a, negative, katecho, "to hold down, restrain"). In the Sept., Job 31:11.]. See UNRULY, UNSTABLE. In the Sept., Isa. 54:11.

Restoration <1,,605,apokatastasis>
from apo, "back, again," kathistemi, "to set in order," is used in Acts 3:21, RV, "restoration" (AV, "restitution"). See under REGENERATION, concerning Israel in its regenerated state hereafter. In the papyri it is used of a temple cell of a goodess, a "repair" of a public way, the "restoration" of estates to rightful owners, a "balancing" of accounts. Apart from papyri illustrations the word is found in an Egyptian reference to a consummating agreement of the word's cyclical periods, an idea somewhat similar to that in the Acts passage (Moulton and Milligan).

Restore <1,,591,apodidomi>
"to give back," is translated "I restore" in Luke 19:8. See DELIVER, A, No. 3.

<2,,600,apokathistemi>
or the alternative form apokathistano is used (a) of "restoration" to a former condition of health, Matt. 12:13; Mark 3:5; 8:25; Luke 6:10; (b) of the Divine "restoration" of Israel and conditions affected by it, including the renewal of the covenant broken by them, Matt. 17:11; Mark 9:12; Acts 1:6; (c) of "giving" or "bringing" a person back, Heb. 13:19. In the papyri it is used of financial restitution, of making good the breaking of a stone by a workman by his substituting another, of the reclamation of land, etc. (Moulton and Milligan).

<3,,2675,katartizo>
"to mend, to furnish completely," is translated "restore" in Gal. 6:1, metaphorically, of the "restoration," by those who are spiritual, of one overtaken in a trespass, such a one being as a dislocated member of the spiritual body. The tense is the continuous present, suggesting the necessity for patience and perseverance in the process. See FIT, MEND, PERFECT.

Restrain <1,,2664,katapauo>
See REST, B, No. 2.

<2,,2722,katecho>
"to hold fast or down," is translated "restraineth" in 2 Thess. 2:6,7. In ver. 6 lawlessness is spoken of as being "restrained" in its development: in ver. 7 "one that restraineth" is, lit., "the restrainer" (the article with the present participle, "the restraining one"); this may refer to an individual, as in the similar construction in 1 Thess. 3:5, "the tempter" (cp. 2 Thess. 1:10, lit., "the Deliverer"); or to a number of persons presenting the same characteristics, just as "the believer" stands for all believers, e.g., Rom. 9:33; 1 John 5:10. Ver. 6 speaks of a principle, ver. 7 of the principle as embodied in a person or series of persons; cp. what is said of "the power" in Rom. 13:3,4, a phrase representing all such rulers. Probably such powers, i.e., "constituted governments," are the "restraining" influence here intimated (specifications being designedly withheld). For an extended exposition see Notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 254-261.

Resurrection <1,,386,anastasis>
denotes (I) "a raising up," or "rising" (ana, "up," and histemi, "to cause to stand"), Luke 2:34, "the rising up;" the AV "again" obscures the meaning; the Child would be like a stone against which many in Israel would stumble while many others would find in its strength and firmness a means of their salvation and spiritual life; (II) of "resurrection" from the dead, (a) of Christ, Acts 1:22; 2:31; 4:33; Rom. 1:4; 6:5; Phil. 3:10; 1 Pet. 1:3; 3:21; by metonymy, of Christ as the Author of "resurrection," John 11:25; (b) of those who are Christ's at His Parousia (see COMING), Luke 14:14, "the resurrection of the just;" Luke 20:33,35,36; John 5:29 (1st part), "the resurrection of life;" John 11:24; Acts 23:6; 24:15 (1st part); 1 Cor. 15:21,42; 2 Tim. 2:18; Heb. 11:35 (2nd part), see RAISE, Note (3); Rev. 20:5, "the first resurrection;" hence the insertion of "is" stands for the completion of this "resurrection," of which Christ was "the firstfruits;" Rev. 20:6; (c) of "the rest of the dead," after the Millennium (cp. Rev. 20:5); John 5:29 (2nd part), "the resurrection of judgment;" Acts 24:15 (2nd part), "of the unjust;" (d) of those who were raised in more immediate connection with Christ's "resurrection," and thus had part already in the first "resurrection," Acts 26:23; Rom. 1:4 (in each of which "dead" is plural; see Matt. 27:52); (e) of the "resurrection" spoken of in general terms, Matt. 22:23; Mark 12:18; Luke 20:27; Acts 4:2; 17:18; 23:8; 24:21; 1 Cor. 15:12,13; Heb. 6:2; (f) of those who were raised in OT times, to die again, Heb. 11:35 (1st part), lit., "out of resurrection."

<2,,1815,exanastasis>
ek, "from" or "out of," and No. 1, Phil. 3:11, followed by ek, lit., "the out-resurrection from among the dead." For the significance of this see ATTAIN, No. 1.

<3,,1454,egersis>
"a rousing" (akin to egeiro, "to arouse, to raise"), is used of the "resurrection" of Christ, in Matt. 27:53.

Retain <1,,2902,krateo>
"to be strong, obtain, hold, hold fast," is translated "to retain," of sins, John 20:23 (twice); see on REMIT. See HOLD, KEEP, OBTAIN, TAKE.

Notes: (1) In Philem. 1:13, AV, katecho, "to hold fast, hold back, detain," is translated "to retain" (RV, to keep). (2) In Rom. 1:28, AV, echo, "to have" (RV), is translated "to retain."

Return <1,,360,analuo>
"to depart" in Phil. 1:23, signifies "to return" in Luke 12:36, used in a simile of the "return" of a lord for his servants after a marriage feast (RV). See DEPART, No. 16.

<2,,390,anastrepho>
"to turn back," is translated "to return" in Acts 5:22; 15:16. See ABIDE, BEHAVE.

<3,,1994,epistrepho>
"to turn about," or "towards," is translated "to return" in Matt. 12:44; 24:18; Mark 13:16, RV (AV, "turn back again"); Luke 2:39; 8:55, RV (AV, "came again"); 17:31; Acts 15:36, RV (AV, "go again"). See CONVERT, A, No. 2, TURN.

<4,,5290,hupostrepho>
"to turn behind," or "back" (hupo, "under"), is translated "to return" (in some texts in Mark 14:40) in Luke 1:56; 2:20,43; Luke 2:45, RV (AV, "turned back again"); 4:1,14; 7:10; 8:37; 10:17; 11:24, AV (RV, "I will turn back"); 17:18; 19:12; 23:48,56; Acts 1:12; 12:25; 13:13; 13:34; 20:3; 21:6; 22:17, RV (AV, "was come again"); 23:32; Gal. 1:17; Heb. 7:1. See TURN (back).

<5,,344,anakampto>
"to turn or bend back," occurs in Matt. 2:12; Luke 10:6 (i.e., as if it was unsaid); Acts 18:21; Heb. 11:15.

<6,,1877,epanago>
"to bring up or back" (primarily a nautical term for "putting to sea;" see LAUNCH, PUT), is used intransitively, in Matt. 21:18, "He returned."

Note: In Luke 19:15, AV, epanerchomai, "to come back again" (RV) is translated "returned." See COME, No. 4.

Reveal <1,,601,apokalupto>
signifies "to uncover, unveil" (apo, "from," kalupto, "to cover"); both verbs are used in Matt. 10:26; in Luke 12:2, apokalupto is set in contrast to sunkalupto, "to cover up, cover completely." "The NT occurrences of this word fall under two heads, subjective and objective. The subjective use is that in which something is presented to the mind directly, as, (a) the meaning of the acts of God, Matt. 11:25; Luke 10:21; (b) the secret of the Person of the Lord Jesus, Matt. 16:17; John 12:38; (c) the character of God as Father, Matt. 11:27; Luke 10:22; (d) the will of God for the conduct of His children, Phil. 3:15; (e) the mind of God to the prophets of Israel, 1 Pet. 1:12, and of the Church, 1 Cor. 14:30; Eph. 3:5.

"The objective use is that in which something is presented to the senses, sight or hearing, as, referring to the past, (f) the truth declared to men in the gospel, Rom. 1:17; 1 Cor. 2:10; Gal. 3:23; (g) the Person of Christ to Paul on the way to Damascus, Gal. 1:16; (h) thoughts before hidden in the heart, Luke 2:35; referring to the future, (i) the coming in glory of the Lord Jesus, Luke 17:30; (j) the salvation and glory that await the believer, Rom. 8:18; 1 Pet. 1:5; 5:1; (k) the true value of service, 1 Cor. 3:13; (l) the wrath of God (at the Cross, against sin, and, at the revelation of the Lord Jesus, against the sinner), Rom. 1:18; (m) the Lawless One, 2 Thess. 2:3,6,8." * [* From Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 41,42.]

<2,,5537,chrematizo>
"to give Divine admonition, instruction, revelation," is translated "it had been revealed," in Luke 2:26. See ADMONITION, B, No. 3, CALL.

Revelation <1,,602,apokalupsis>
"an uncovering" (akin to apokalupto; see above), "is used in the NT of (a) the drawing away by Christ of the veil of darkness covering the Gentiles, Luke 2:32; cp. Isa. 25:7; (b) 'the mystery,' the purpose of God in this age, Rom. 16:25; Eph. 3:3; (c) the communication of the knowledge of God to the soul, Eph. 1:17; (d) an expression of the mind of God for the instruction of the church, 1 Cor. 14:6,26, for the instruction of the Apostle Paul, 2 Cor. 12:1,7; Gal. 1:12, and for his guidance, Gal. 2:2; (e) the Lord Jesus Christ, to the saints at His Parousia, 1 Cor. 1:7, RV (AV, 'coming'); 1 Pet. 1:7, RV (AV, 'appearing'),13; 4:13; (f) the Lord Jesus Christ when He comes to dispense the judgments of God, 2 Thess. 1:7; cp. Rom. 2:5; (g) the saints, to the creation, in association with Christ in His glorious reign, Rom. 8:19, RV, 'revealing' (AV, 'manifestation'); (h) the symbolic forecast of the final judgments of God, Rev. 1:1 (hence the Greek title of the book, transliterated 'Apocalypse' and translated 'Revelation')." * [* From Notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 228, 229.] See APPEARING, COMING, LIGHTEN, B, Note, MANIFESTATION.

Revel, Reveling <1,,5172,truphe>
"luxuriousness, daintiness, reveling," is translated freely by the verb "to revel" in 2 Pet. 2:13, RV (AV, "to riot"), lit., "counting reveling in the daytime a pleasure." In Luke 7:25 it is used with en, "in," and translated "delicately." See DELICATELY, RIOT.

<2,,2970,komos>
"a revel, carousal," the concomitant and consequence of drunkenness, is used in the plural, Rom. 13:13, translated by the singular, RV, "reveling" (AV, "rioting"); Gal. 5:21; 1 Pet. 4:3, "revelings." See RIOT.

Note: For entruphao, 2 Pet. 2:13, RV, "to revel," see SPORTING.

Revenge and Revenger * For REVENGE and REVENGER see AVENGE and AVENGER

Reverence (Noun and Verb) <A-1,Verb,1788,entrepo>
lit., "to turn in" (i.e., upon oneself), "to put to shame," denotes, when used in the Passive Voice, "to feel respect for, to show deference to, to reverence," Matt. 21:37; Mark 12:6; Luke 20:13; Heb. 12:9. See ASHAMED, A, No. 4, REGARD.

<A-2,Verb,5399,phobeo>
"to fear," is used in the Passive Voice in the NT; in Eph. 5:33 of reverential fear on the part of a wife for a husband, AV, "reverence" (RV, "fear"). See FEAR, D, No. 1.

<B-1,Noun,2124,eulabeia>
"caution, reverence," is translated "reverence" in Heb. 12:28 (1st part in the best mss; some have aidos). See FEAR.

Reverent <1,,2412,hieroprepes>
"suited to a sacred character, reverend" (hieros, "sacred," prepo, "to be fitting"), is translated "reverent" in Titus 2:3, RV (AV, "as becometh holiness"). See BECOME, B.

Revile, Reviling, Reviler <A-1,Verb,3058,loidoreo>
denotes "to abuse, revile," John 9:28; Acts 23:4; 1 Cor. 4:12; 1 Pet. 2:23 (1st clause).

<A-2,Verb,3679,oneidizo>
"to reproach, upbraid," is translated "to revile" in Matt. 5:11, AV, and Mark 15:32 (RV, "reproach"). See REPROACH.

<A-3,Verb,987,blasphemeo>
"to speak profanely, rail at," is translated "reviled" in Matt. 27:39, AV (RV, "railed on"); Luke 22:65, RV, "reviling" (AV, "blasphemously")

<A-4,Verb,486,antiloidoreo>
"to revile back or again" (anti, and No. 1), is found in 1 Pet. 2:23 (2nd clause).

Note: For epereazo, 1 Pet. 3:16, RV, "revile," see ACCUSE, B, No. 3.

<B-1,Adjective,3060,loidoros>
akin to A, No. 1, "abusive, railing, reviling," is used as a noun, 1 Cor. 5:11, RV, "a reviler" (AV "a railer"); 1 Cor. 6:10, "revilers." In the Sept., Prov. 25:24; 26:21; 27:15.

<C-1,Noun,3059,loidoria>
akin to A, No. 1, and B, "abuse, railing," is used in 1 Tim. 5:14, RV, "for (charin, 'for the sake of') reviling" (AV, "to speak reproachfully," a paraphrase); 1 Pet. 3:9 (twice), RV, "reviling" (AV, "railing"). See RAIL, B.