<A-2,Verb,1280,diaporeo>
"was much perplexed" in Luke 9:7; see DOUBT, A, No. 2.

<B-1,Noun,640,aporia>
akin to A, No. 1, is translated "perplexity" in Luke 21:25 (lit., "at a loss for a way," a, negative, poros, "a way, resource"), of the distress of nations, finding no solution to their embarrassments; papyri illustrations are in the sense of being at one's wit's end, at a loss how to proceed, without resources.

Persecute, Persecution <A-1,Verb,1377,dioko>
has the meanings (a) "to put to flight, drive away," (b) "to pursue," whence the meaning "to persecute," Matt. 5:10-12,44; 10:23; 23:34; Luke 11:49 (No. 2 in some mss.); 21:12; John 5:16; 15:20 (twice); Acts 7:52; 9:4,5, and similar passages; Rom. 12:14; 1 Cor. 4:12; 15:9; 2 Cor. 4:9, AV (RV, "pursued"); Gal. 1:13,23; 4:29; Gal. 5:11, RV, "am ... persecuted" (AV, "suffer persecution"); so Gal. 6:12; Phil. 3:6; 2 Tim. 3:12, "shall suffer persecution;" Rev. 12:13. See FOLLOW, PURSUE.

<A-2,Verb,1559,ekdioko>
ek, "out" and No. 1, is used in 1 Thess. 2:15, AV, "persecuted" (RV, "drove out"). See also No. 1. See DRIVE, No. 2.

<B-1,Noun,1375,diogmos>
akin to A, No. 1, occurs in Matt. 13:21; Mark 4:17; 10:30; Acts 8:1; 13:50; Rom. 8:35; 2 Cor. 12:10; 2 Thess. 1:4; 2 Tim. 3:11, twice (for ver. 12, see A, No. 1). In the Sept., Prov. 11:19; Lam. 3:19.

Note: In Acts 11:19, AV, thlipsis, "tribulation" (RV), is translated "persecution."

Persecutor <1,,1376,dioktes>
akin to dioko (see above), occurs in 1 Tim. 1:13.

Perserverance <1,,4343,proskarteresis>
occurs in Eph. 6:18. Cp. the verb (and the formation) under ATTEND, No. 2.

Person <1,,4383,prosopon>
for the meaning of which see APPEARANCE, No. 2, is translated "person" or "persons" in Matt. 22:16; Mark 12:14; Luke 20:21; 2 Cor. 1:11; 2 Cor. 2:10; Gal. 2:6; Jude 1:16, lit., "(admiring, or showing respect of, RV) persons."

<2,,444,anthropos>
a generic name for man, is translated "persons" in Rev. 11:13, RV (AV, "men").

Notes: (1) In Heb. 1:3, AV, hupostasis, "subtance," is translated "person;" see SUBSTANCE. (2) In Matt. 27:24, RV, toutou, "of this ... (man)," is translated "of this ... person" (AV). (3) In Philem. 1:12, the pronoun autos, "he," placed in a position of strong emphasis, is translated "in his own person," RV, stressing the fact that in spite of the Apostle's inclination to retain Onesimus, he has sent him, as being, so to speak, "his very heart," instead of adopting some other method. (4) In 1 Cor. 5:13, AV, the adjective poneros, "wicked," used as a noun, is translated "wicked person" (RV, "... man"). (5) In 2 Pet. 2:5, AV, ogdoos, "eighth," is translated "the (lit., 'an') eighth person" (RV, "with seven others"). (b) Various adjectives are used with the word "persons," e.g., "devout, perjured, profane."

Persons (respect of) <A-1,Noun,4381,prosoplemptes>
denotes "a respecter of persons" (prosopon, "a face" or "person," lambano, "to lay hold of"), Acts 10:34.

<A-2,Noun,4382,prosopolempsia>
(in inferior texts without the letter m), denotes "respect of persons, partiality" (akin to No. 1), the fault of one who, when responsible to give judgment, has respect to the position, rank, popularity, or circumstances of men, instead of their intrinsic conditions, preferring the rich and powerful to those who are not so, Rom. 2:11; Eph. 6:9; Col. 3:25; Jas. 2:1.

<B-1,Verb,4380,prosopolempteo>
"to have respect of persons" (see ABOVE), occurs in Jas. 2:9.

<C-1,Adverb,678,aprosopolemptos>
without respect of persons, impartially (a, negative), occurs in 1 Pet. 1:17.

Persuade * in the Active Voice, signifies "to apply persuasion, to prevail upon or win over, to persuade," bringing about a change of mind by the influence of reason or moral considerations, e.g., in Matt. 27:20; 28:14; Acts 13:43; 19:8; in the Passive Voice, "to be persuaded, believe" (see BELIEVE, No. 2, and OBEY), e.g., Luke 16:31; 20:6; Acts 17:4; RV (AV, "believed"); 21:14; 26:26; Rom. 8:38; 14:14; 15:14; 2 Tim. 1:5,12; Heb. 6:9; 11:13, in some mss.; Heb. 13:18, RV (AV, "trust"). See ASSURANCE, B, No. 3.

Note: For Acts 26:28, AV, "thou persuadest," see FAIN, Note.

<1,,3982,peitho>
in the Active Voice, signifies "to apply persuasion, to prevail upon or win over, to persuade," bringing about a change of mind by the influence of reason or moral considerations, e.g., in Matt. 27:20; 28:14; Acts 13:43; 19:8; in the Passive Voice, "to be persuaded, believe" (see BELIEVE, No. 2, and OBEY), e.g., Luke 16:31; 20:6; Acts 17:4; RV (AV, "believed"); Acts 21:14; 26:26; Rom. 8:38; 14:14; 15:14; 2 Tim. 1:5,12; Heb. 6:9; 11:13, in some mss.; Heb. 13:18, RV (AV, "trust"). See ASSURANCE, B, No. 3.

Note: For Acts 26:28, AV, "thou persuadest," see FAIN, Note.

<2,,374,anapeitho>
"to persuade, induce," in an evil sense (ana, "back," and No. 1), is used in Acts 18:13. In the Sept., Jer. 29:8.

Note: For plerophoreo, rendered "being fully persuaded," in Rom. 4:21; 14:5, AV, see ASSURANCE, B, No. 2.

Persuasion <1,,3988,peismone>
akin to peitho, is used in Gal. 5:8, where the meaning is "this influence that has won you over, or that seems likely to do so;" the use of peitho, in the sense of "to obey," in ver. 7, suggests a play upon words here.

Persuasive, Persuasivness <A-1,Adjective,3981,peithos>
an adjective (akin to peitho), not found elsewhere, is translated "persuasive" in 1 Cor. 2:4, RV (AV, "enticing"); see ENTICE, B.

<B-1,Noun,4086,pithanologia>
"persuasiveness of speech," is used in Col. 2:4, RV. See ENTICE, B, Note.

Pertain to <1,,3348,metecho>
Heb. 7:13, AV; see BELONG, Note (c), PARTAKE, B, No. 3.

Notes: (1) In Rom. 15:17, the phrase ta pros, lit., "the (things) towards" is translated "things pertaining to," RV (AV, "those things which pertain to"); in Heb. 2:17; 5:1, RV and AV, "things pertaining to." (2) In Acts 1:3, AV, the phrase ta peri, "the (things) concerning" (RV), is translated "the things pertaining to." (3) In Rom. 9:4, the RV rightly translates the relative pronoun hon, lit., "of whom" from hos, "who"), by "whose is" (AV, "to whom pertaineth"). (4) In Rom. 4:1, AV, kata, "according to" (RV), is translated "as pertaining to." (5) For 1 Cor. 6:3,4, see LIFE, B, No. 1.

Perverse, Pervert <1,,654,apostrepho>
"to turn away" (apo, "from," strepho, "to turn"), is used metaphorically in the sense of "perverting" in Luke 23:14 (cp. No. 2 in ver. 2). See BRING, No. 22.

<2,,1294,diastrepho>
"to distort, twist" (dia, "through," and strepho), is translated "to pervert" in Luke 23:2 (cp. No. 1 in ver. 14); Acts 13:10 [in ver. 8, "to turn aside" (AV, "away"]; in the perfect participle, Passive Voice, it is translated "perverse," lit., "turned aside, corrupted," in Matt. 17:17; Luke 9:41; Acts 20:30; Phil. 2:15.

<3,,3344,metastrepho>
"to transform into something of an opposite character" (meta, signifying "a change," and strepho,) as the Judaizers sought to "pervert the gospel of Christ," Gal. 1:7; cp. "the sun shall be turned into darkness," Acts 2:20; laughter into mourning and joy to heaviness, Jas. 4:9. See TURN.

<4,,1612,ekstrepho>
"to turn inside out" (ek, "out"), "to change entirely," is used metaphorically in Titus 3:11, RV, "is perverted" (AV, "is subverted"). See SUBVERT.

Note: For "perverse disputings," 1 Tim. 6:5, AV, see DISPUTE, A, No. 3.

Pestilence, Pestilent fellow <1,,3061,loimos>
"a pestilence, any deadly infectious malady," is used in the plural in Luke 21:11 (in some mss., Matt. 24:7); in Acts 24:5, metaphorically, "a pestilent fellow." See FELLOW.

Petition <1,,155,aitema>
from aiteo, "to ask" is rendered "petitions" in 1 John 5:15: see ASK, B, and cp. the distinction between A, Nos. 1 and 2. Cp. deesis (see PRAYER).

Pharisees <1,,5330,pharisaios>
from an Aramaic word peras (found in Dan. 5:28), signifying "to separate," owing to a different manner of life from that of the general public. The "Pharisees" and Sadducees appear as distinct parties in the latter half of the 2nd cent. B.C., though they represent tendencies traceable much earlier in Jewish history, tendencies which became pronounced after the return from Babylon (537 B.C.). The immediate progenitors of the two parties were, respectively, the Hasideans and the Hellenizers; the latter, the antecedents of the Sadducees, aimed at removing Judaism from its narrowness and sharing in the advantages of Greek life and culture. The Hasidaeans, a transcription of the Hebrew chasidim, i.e., "pious ones," were a society of men zealous for religion, who acted under the guidance of the scribes, in opposition to the godless Hellenizing party; they scrupled to oppose the legitimate high priest even when he was on the Greek side. Thus the Hellenizers were a political sect, while the Hasidaens, whose fundamental principle was complete separation from non-Jewish elements, were the strictly legal party among the Jews, and were ultimately the more popular and influential party. In their zeal for the Law they almost deified it and their attitude became merely external, formal, and mechanical. They laid stress, not upon the righteousness of an action, but upon its formal correctness. Consequently their opposition to Christ was inevitable; His manner of life and teaching was essentially a condemnation of theirs; hence His denunciation of them, e.g., Matt. 6:2,5,16; 15:7 and chapter 23.

While the Jews continued to be divided into these two parties, the spread of the testimony of the Gospel must have produced what in the public eye seemed to be a new sect, and in the extensive development which took place at Antioch, Acts 11:19-26, the name "Christians" seems to have become a popular term applied to the disciples as a sect, the primary cause, however, being their witness to Christ (see CALL, A, No. 11). The opposition of both "Pharisees" and Sadducees (still mutually antagonistic, Acts 23:6-10) against the new "sect" continued unabated during apostolic times.

Philosopher <1,,5386,philosophos>
lit., "loving wisdom" (philos, "loving," sophia, "wisdom"), occurs in Acts 17:18.

Philosophy <1,,5385,philosophia>
denotes "the love and pursuit of wisdom," hence, "philosophy," the investigation of truth and nature; in Col. 2:8, the so-called "philosophy" of false teachers. "Though essentially Greek as a name and as an idea, it had found its way into Jewish circles ... Josephus speaks of the three Jewish sects as the "philosophies" ... It is worth observing that this word, which to the Greeks denotes the highest effort of the intellect, occurs here alone in Paul's writings ... the Gospel had deposed the term as inadequate to the higher standard whether of knowledge or of practice, which it had introduced" (Lightfoot).

Phylactery <1,,5440,phulakterion>
primarily "an outpost," or "fortification" (phulax, "a guard"), then, "any kind of safeguard," became used especially to denote "an amulet." In the NT it denotes a prayer fillet, "a phylactery," a small strip of parchment, with portions of the Law written on it; it was fastened by a leather strap either to the forehead or to the left arm over against the heart, to remind the wearer of the duty of keeping the commandments of God in the head and in the heart; cp. Ex. 13:16; Deut. 6:8; 11:18. It was supposed to have potency as a charm against evils and demons. The Pharisees broadened their "phylacteries" to render conspicuous their superior eagerness to be mindful of God's Law, Matt. 23:5.

Physician <1,,2395,iatros>
akin to iaomai, "to heal," "a physician," occurs in Matt. 9:12; Mark 2:17; 5:26; Luke 4:23; 5:31 (in some mss., 8:43); Col. 4:14.

Piece <1,,1915,epiblema>
primariy denotes "that which is thrown over, a cover" (epi, "over," ballo, "to throw"); then, "that which is put on, or sewed on, to cover a rent, a patch," Matt. 9:16; Mark 2:21; in the next sentence, RV, "that which should fill" (AV, "the new piece that filled"), there is no word representing "piece" (lit., "the filling," pleroma); see FILL, B: Luke 5:36.

<2,,1406,drachme>
a drachma, firstly, "an Attic weight," as much as one can hold in the hand (connected with drassomai, "to grasp with the hand, lay hold of," 1 Cor. 3:19), then, "a coin," nearly equal to the Roman denarius (see PENNY), is translated "pieces of silver" in Luke 15:8, 1st part; "piece," 2nd part and Luke 15:9.

<3,,3313,meros>
"a part," is translated "a piece (of a broiled fish)" in Luke 24:42. See BEHALF, PART.

<4,,2801,klasma>
"a broken piece" (from klao, "to break") is used of the broken pieces from the feeding of the multitudes, RV, "broken pieces," AV, "fragments," Matt. 14:20; Mark 6:43; 8:19,20; Luke 9:17; John 6:12,13; in Matt. 15:37; Mark 8:8, RV, "broken pieces" (AV, "broken meat").

<5,,694,argurion>
which frequently denotes "money," also represents "a silver coin," of the value of a shekel or tetradrachmon (four times the drachme, see No. 2); it is used in the plural in Matt. 26:15; 27:3-9. In Acts 19:19, "fifty thousand of silver" is, lit., "fifty thousand of silver" (probably drachmas). See MONEY, SILVER.

Notes: (1) In Acts 27:44, for AV, "broken pieces," the RV translates epi ("on") tinon ("certain things") ton ("the," i.e., "those namely") by "on other things;" there is no word in the original representing "pieces." (2) For the phrase "to break to (in) pieces," Matt. 21:44, RV, and Mark 5:4, see BREAK, A, Nos. 10 and 5 respectively. (3) In Luke 14:18, AV, agros, "a field" (RV), is translated "a piece of ground." (4) In Matt. 17:27, AV, stater, "a shekel" (RV), a tetradrachmon (see No. 5, above), is translated "a piece of money."

Pierce <1,,1338,diikneomai>
"to go through, penetrate" (dia, "through," ikneomaia, "to go"), is used of the power of the Word of God, in Heb. 4:12, "piercing." In the Sept., Ex. 26:28.

<2,,1330,dierchomai>
"to go through," is translated "shall pierce through" in Luke 2:35. See COME, No. 5.

<3,,1574,ekkenteo>
primarily, "to prick out" (ek, "out," kenteo, "to prick"), signifies "to pierce," John 19:37; Rev. 1:7.

<4,,3572,nusso>
"to pierce" or "pierce through," often of inflicting severe or deadly wounds, is used of the piercing of the side of Christ, John 19:34 (in some mss., Matt. 27:49).

<5,,4044,peripeiro>
"to put on a spit," hence, "to pierce," is used metaphorically in 1 Tim. 6:10, of torturing one's soul with many sorrows, "have pierced (themselves) through."

Piety (to shew) <1,,2151,eusebeo>
"to reverence, to show piety" towards any to whom dutiful regard is due (akin to eusebes, "pious, godly, devout"), is used in 1 Tim. 5:4 of the obligation on the part of children and grandchildren (RV) to express in a practical way their dutifulness "towards their own family;" in Acts 17:23 of worshipping God. See WORSHIP.

Pigeon * For PIGEON see DOVE, No. 1

Pilgrim <1,,3927,parepidemos>
an adjective signifying "sojourning in a strange place, away from one's own people" (para, "from," expressing a contrary condition, and epidemeo, "to sojourn;" demos, "a people"), is used of OT saints, Heb. 11:13, "pilgrims" (coupled with xenos, "a foreigner"); of Christians, 1 Pet. 1:1, "sojourners (of the Dispersion)," RV; Heb. 2:11, "pilgrims" (coupled with paroikos, "an alien, sojourner"); the word is thus used metaphorically of those to whom Heaven is their own country, and who are sojourners on earth.

Pillar <1,,4769,stulos>
"a column supporting the weight of a building," is used (a) metaphorically, of those who bear responsibility in the churches, as of the elders in the church at Jerusalem, Gal. 2:9; of a local church as to its responsibility, in a collective capacity, to maintain the doctrines of the faith by teaching and practice, 1 Tim. 3:15; some would attach this and the next words to the statement in ver. 16; the connection in the Eng. versions seems preferable; (b) figuratively in Rev. 3:12, indicating a firm and permanent position in the spiritual, heavenly and eternal Temple of God; (c) illustratively, of the feet of the angel in the vision in Rev. 10:1, seen as flames rising like columns of fire indicative of holiness and consuming power, and thus reflecting the glory of Christ as depicted in Rev. 1:15; cp. Ezek. 1:7.

Pillow <1,,4344,proskephalaion>
denotes "a pillow, a cushion for the head" (pros, "to," kephale, "a head"), Mark 4:38 (RV, "cushion"). In the Sept., Ezek. 13:18.

Pine away <1,,3583,xeraino>
"to dry up, wither," is rendered "pineth away" in Mark 9:18. See DRY.

Pinnacle <1,,4419,pterugion>
denotes (a) "a little wing" (diminutive of pterux, "a wing"); (b) "anything like a wing, a turret, battlement," of the temple in Jerusalem, Matt. 4:5; Luke 4:9 (of the hieron, "the entire precincts," or parts of the main building, as distinct from the naos, "the sanctuary"). This "wing" has been regarded (1) as the apex of the sanctuary, (2) the top of Solomon's porch, (3) the top of the Royal Portico, which Josephus describes as of tremendous height (Antiq. xv. 11.5). It is used in the Sept. of the fins of fishes, e.g., Lev. 11:9-12; of the part of a dress, hanging down in the form of a wing, Ruth 3:9; 1 Sam. 24:5.

Pipe (Noun and Verb) <A-1,Noun,836,aulos>
"a wind instrument," e.g., "a flute" (connected with aemi, "to blow"), occurs in 1 Cor. 14:7.

<B-1,Verb,832,auleo>
"to play on an aulos," is used in Matt. 11:17; Luke 7:32; 1 Cor. 14:7 (2nd part).

Pipers * For PIPERS, Rev. 18:22, AV, see FLUTE PLAYERS

Pit <1,,5421,phrear>
"a well, dug for water" (distinct from pege, "a fountain"), denotes "a pit" in Rev. 9:1,2, RV, "the pit (of the abyss)," "the pit," i.e., the shaft leading down to the abyss, AV, "(bottomless) pit;" in Luke 14:6, RV, "well" (AV, "pit"); in John 4:11,12, "well." See WELL.

<2,,999,bothunos>
is rendered "pit" in Matt. 12:11: see DITCH.

<3,,12,abussos>
see BOTTOMLESS, B.

<4,,5276,hupolenion>
denotes "a vessel or trough beneath a winepress," to receive the juice, Mark 12:1, RV, "a pit for the winepress" (AV, "a place for ... the wine-fat").

Note: For "pits," 2 Pet. 2:4, RV, see CHAIN Note (1).

Pitch (Verb) <1,,4078,pegnumi>
"to make fast, to fix" (cp. prospegnumi, Acts 2:23, of crucifixion), is used of "pitching" a tent; in Heb. 8:2, of the "true tabernacle," the heavenly and spiritual, which "the Lord pitched."

Pitcher <1,,2765,keramion>
"an earthen vessel" (keramos, "potter's clay"), "a jar" or "jug," occurs in Mark 14:13; Luke 22:10.

Pitiable (most) <1,,1652,eleeinoteros>
the comparative degree of eleeinos, "miserable, pitiable" (eleos, "pity"), is used in 1 Cor. 5:19, "most pitiable" (RV), lit., "more pitiable than all men." See MISERABLE.

Pitiful, Pity <1,,4184,polusplanchnos>
denotes "very pitiful" or "full of pity" (polus, "much," splanchnon, "the heart;" in the plural, "the affections"), occurs in Jas. 5:11, RV, "full of pity."

<2,,2155,eusplanchnos>
"compassionate, tenderhearted," lit., "of good heartedness" (eu, "well," and splanchnon), is translated "pitiful" in 1 Pet. 3:8, AV, RV, "tenderhearted," as in Eph. 4:32.

Place (Noun, Verb, Adverb) <A-1,Noun,5117,topos>
(Eng., "topic," "topography," etc.,) is used of "a region" or "locality," frequently in the Gospels and Acts; in Luke 2:7; 14:22, "room;" of a place which a person or thing occupies, a couch at table, e.g., Luke 14:9,10, RV, "place" (AV, "room"); of the destiny of Judas Iscariot, Acts 1:25; of the condition of the "unlearned" or non-gifted in a church gathering, 1 Cor. 14:16, RV, "place;" the sheath of a sword, Matt. 26:52; a place in a book, Luke 4:17; see also Rev. 2:5; 6:14; 12:8; metaphorically, of "condition, occasion, opportunity" Acts 25:16, RV, "opportunity" (AV, "license"); Rom. 12:19; Eph. 4:27. See OPPORTUNITY, ROOM.

<A-2,Noun,5564,chorion>
"a region" (a diminutive of chora, "a land, country"), is used of Gethsemane, Matt. 26:36; Mark 14:32. See FIELD.

<A-3,Noun,5247,huperoche>
"high place," 1 Tim. 2:2: see AUTHORITY, No. 3.

<A-4,Noun,4042,perioche>
primarily "a circumference, compass" (peri, "around," echo, "to have"), hence denotes "a portion circumscribed," that which is contained, and in reference to a writing or book, "a portion or passage of its contents," Acts 8:32, "(the) place."

<A-5,Noun,201,akroaterion>
denotes "a place of audience" (akroaomai, "to listen"), Acts 25:23, "place of hearing."

<A-6,Noun,4411,protoklisia>
see CHIEF, B, No. 7.

Notes: (1) For ope, "a hole," Jas. 3:11, AV, "place," see OPENING: see also CAVE. (2) For "place of toll," Matt. 9:9; Mark 2:14, see CUSTOM TOM (TOLL), No. 2. (3) In Heb. 4:5 "in this place" is, lit., "in this," i.e., "in this (passage)." (4) In Luke 6:17, RV, topos, with pedinos, "level," is translated "level place" (AV, "plain"). (5) For amphodon, rendered "a place where two ways met," Mark 11:4 (RV, "the open street"), see STREET. (6) For eremia, "a desert place," see DESERT, A. (7) In 1 Cor. 11:20; 14:23, AV, the phrase epi to auto, lit., "to the same," is translated "into one place," RV, "together;" perhaps == "in assembly." (8) For "secret place," Luke 11:33, AV, see CELLAR. (9) For "place of prayer," Acts 16:13, RV, see PRAYER. (10) For Phil. 1:13 (AV, "in all other places"), RV, "to all the rest," see PALACE. (11) For "rocky places," Mark 4:16, see ROCKY.

<B-1,Verb,402,anachoreo>
"to withdraw" (ana, "back," choreo, "to make room, retire"), is translated "give place" in Matt. 9:24. See DEPART, No. 10.

<B-2,Verb,1502,eiko>
"to yield, give way," is rendered "gave place" in Gal. 2:5.

<B-3,Verb,1096,ginomai>
"to become, take place," is translated "(a death) having taken place" in Heb. 9:15, RV, AV, "by means of (death)," referring, not to the circumstances of a testamentary disposition, but to the sacrifice of Christ as the basis of the New Covenant.

Note: For choreo in John 8:37, AV, "hath ... place," see COURSE, B.

<C-1,Adverb,5602,hode>
"here, hither," is translated "to ('unto,' RV) this place" in Luke 23:5. See HERE.

<C-2,Adverb,3837,pantachou>
"everwhere," is translated "in all places" in Acts 24:3. See EVERYWHERE, No. 2.

Notes: (1) For "in divers places," Matt. 24:7, etc., see DIVERS, B, Note. (2) In the following the RV gives the correct meaning: in Mark 6:10, ekeithen, "thence" (AV, "from that place"); in Heb. 2:6; 4:4, pou, "somewhere" (AV, "in a certain place"); in Matt. 12:6, hode, "here" (AV, "in this place"); in Mark 6:10, hopou ean, "wheresoever" (AV, "in what place soever"). (3) The adjective entopios, "of that place," occurs in Acts 21:12. (4) In Jas. 2:3 kalos, "well" (AV, marg.), is rendered "in a good place." See DWELLING, HEAVENLY, HOLY, MARKET, SKULL, STEEP, YONDER.

Plague <1,,3148,mastix>
"a whip, scourge," Acts 22:24, "by scourging;" Heb. 11:36, "scourgings," is used metaphorically of "disease" or "suffering," Mark 3:10; 5:29,34; Luke 7:21. See SCOURGING.

<2,,4127,plege>
"a stripe, wound" (akin to plesso, "to smite"), is used metaphorically of a calamity, "a plague," Rev. 9:20; 11:6; 15:1,6,8; 16:9,21 (twice); 18:4,8; 21:9; 22:18. See STRIPE, WOUND.

Plain (Noun) * For PLAIN (Noun) see PLACE, A, Note (4)

Plain (Adverb), Plainly, Plainness <1,,3723,orthos>
"rightly" (from orthos, "straight"), is translated "plain," in Mark 7:35, of restored speech. See RIGHTLY.

<2,,3954,parrhesia>
"boldness," is used adverbially in its dative case and rendered "plainly" in John 10:24; 11:14; 16:25; 16:29 (with en, lit., "in plainness"). See BOLD, B, where see also "plainness of speech," 2 Cor. 3:12, RV.

Plait <1,,4120,pleko>
"to weave, twist, plait," is used of the crown of thorns inflicted on Christ, Matt. 27:29; Mark 15:17; John 19:2.

Plaiting (of the hair) * For PLAITING (of the hair) see BRAIDED, Note (1)

Plank * For PLANK see BOARD

Plant (Noun, Verb, Adjective) <A-1,Noun,5451,phuteia>
firstly, "a planting," then "that which is planted, a plant" (from phuo, "to bring forth, spring up, grow," phuton, "a plant"), occurs in Matt. 15:13. In the Sept., 2 Kings 19:29; Ezek. 17:7; Mic. 1:6.

<B-1,Verb,5452,phuteuo>
"to plant," is used (a) literally, Matt. 21:33; Mark 12:1; Luke 13:6; 17:6,28; 20:9; 1 Cor. 9:7; (b) metaphorically, Matt. 15:13; 1 Cor. 3:6,7,8.

<C-1,Adjective,4854,sumphutos>
firstly, "congenital, innate" (from sumphuo, "to make to grow together"), then, "planted" or "grown along with, united with," Rom. 6:5, AV, "planted together," RV, "united with Him," indicating the union of the believer with Christ in experiencing spiritually "the likeness of His death." See UNITED. Cp. emphutos, Jas. 1:21, RV, "implanted" (marg., "inborn"). See ENGRAFTED.

Platter <1,,3953,paropsis>
firstly, "a side dish of dainties" (para, "beside," opson, "cooked"); then, "the dish itself," Matt. 23:25; ver. 26, in some mss.

<2,,4094,pinax>
is translated "platter" in Luke 11:39; see CHARGER.

Play <1,,3815,paizo>
properly, "to play as a child" (pais), hence denotes "to play" as in dancing and making merry, 1 Cor. 10:7. Cp. empaizo, "to mock."

Plead <1,,1793,entunchano>
"to make petition," is used of the "pleading" of Elijah against Israel, Rom. 11:2, RV, "pleadeth with" (AV, "maketh intercession to"). See DEAL WITH, INTERCESSIONS.

Please, Pleasing (Noun), Well-Pleasing, Pleasure <A-1,Verb,700,aresko>
signifies (a) "to be pleasing to, be acceptable to," Matt. 14:6; Mark 6:22; Acts 6:5; Rom. 8:8; 15:2; 1 Cor. 7:32-34; Gal. 1:10; 1 Thess. 2:15; 4:1 (where the preceding kai, "and," is epexegetical, "even," explaining the "walking," i.e., Christian manner of life, as "pleasing" God; in Gen. 5:22, where the Hebrew has "Enoch walked with God," the Sept. has "Enoch pleased God;" cp. Mic. 6:8; Heb. 11:5); 2 Tim. 2:4; (b) "to endeavor to please," and so, "to render service," doing so evilly in one's own interests, Rom. 15:1, which Christ did not, Rom. 15:3; or unselfishly, 1 Cor. 10:33; 1 Thess. 2:4. This sense of the word is illustrated by Moulton and Milligan (Vocab.) from numerous inscriptions, especially describing "those who have proved themselves of use to the commonwealth."

<A-2,Verb,2100,euaresteo>
signifies "to be well-pleasing" (eu, "well," and a form akin to No. 1); in the Active Voice, Heb. 11:5, RV, "he had been "well-pleasing" (unto God)," AV, "he pleased;" so Heb. 11:6; in the Passive Voice, Heb. 13:16.

<A-3,Verb,2106,eudokeo>
signifies (a) "to be well pleased, to think it good" [eu, "well," and dokeo, see Note (1) below], not merely an understanding of what is right and good as in dokeo, but stressing the willingness and freedom of an intention or resolve regarding what is good, e.g., Luke 12:32, "it is (your Father's) good pleasure;" so Rom. 15:26,27, RV; 1 Cor. 1:21; Gal. 1:15; Col. 1:19; 1 Thess. 2:8, RV, "we were well pleased" (AV, "we were willing"); this meaning is frequently found in the papyri in legal documents; (b) "to be well pleased with," or "take pleasure in," e.g., Matt. 3:17; 12:18; 17:5; 1 Cor. 10:5; 2 Cor. 12:10; 2 Thess. 2:12; Heb. 10:6,8,38; 2 Pet. 1:17.

<A-4,Verb,2309,thelo>
"to will, wish, desire," is translated "it pleased (Him)" in 1 Cor. 12:18; 15:38, RV. See DESIRE, B, No. 6.

<A-5,Verb,4684,spatalao>
"to live riotously," is translated "giveth herself to pleasure" in 1 Tim. 5:6, RV (AV, "liveth in pleasure"); "taken your pleasure" in Jas. 5:5, AV, "been wanton."

Notes: (1) In Acts 15:22, AV, dokeo, "to seem good to" (RV), is translated "it pleased" (in some mss., ver. 34); in Heb. 12:10, AV, "(after their own) pleasure," RV, "(as) seemed good (to them)." (2) For suneudokeo, rendered "have pleasure in" in Rom. 1:32, AV, see CONSENT, No. 6. (3) For truphao, rendered "lived in pleasure" in Jas. 5:5 AV, see DELICATELY.

<B-1,Adjective,701,arestos>
denotes "pleasing, agreeable," John 8:29, RV, "(the things that are) pleasing," AV, "(those things that) please;" AV and RV in 1 John 3:22; in Acts 6:2, "fit" (RV marg., "pleasing"); Acts 12:3, "it pleased," lit., "it was pleasing." See FIT.

<B-2,Adjective,2101,euarestos>
eu, "well," and No. 1, is translated "well-pleasing" in the RV except in Rom. 12:1,2 (see marg., however). See ACCEPT, B, No. 4.

<C-1,Noun,699,areskeia>
a "pleasing," a giving pleasure, Col. 1:10, of the purpose Godward of a walk worthy of the Lord (cp. 1 Thess. 4:1). It was used frequently in a bad sense in classical writers. Moulton and Milligan illustrate from the papyri its use in a favorable sense, and Deissmann (Bible Studies) from an inscription. In the Sept., Prov. 31:30.

Pleasure <A-1,Noun,2237,hedone>
"pleasure," is used of the gratification of the natural desire or sinful desires (akin to hedomai, "to be glad," and hedeos, "gladly"), Luke 8:14; Titus 3:3; Jas. 4:1,3, RV, "pleasures" (AV, "lusts"); in the singular, 2 Pet. 2:13. See LUST.

<A-2,Noun,2107,eudokia>
"good pleasure" (akin to eudokeo, PLEASE, No. 3), Eph. 1:5,9; Phil. 2:13; 2 Thess. 1:11. See DESIRE, A, No. 2.

<A-3,Noun,619,apolausis>
"enjoyment," is used with echo, "to have," and rendered "enjoy the pleasures" (lit., "pleasure") in Heb. 11:25. See ENJOY.

Notes: (1) In Rev. 4:11, AV, thelema, "a will," is translated "(for Thy) pleasure," RV, "(because of Thy) will." (2) For charis, translated "pleasure" in the AV of Acts 24:27; 25:9, see FAVOR, A.

<B-1,Adjective,5369,philedonos>
"loving pleasure" (philos, "loving," and A, No. 1), occurs in 2 Tim. 3:4, RV, "lovers of pleasure" (AV, "... pleasures"). See LOVER.

Note: In 1 Tim. 5:6 the RV renders spatalao "giveth herself to pleasure."

Plenteous <1,,4183,polus>
"much," is rendered "plenteous" in Matt. 9:37, of a harvest of souls, and Luke 10:2, RV (AV, "great"). See GREAT.

Plentifully * Note: This translates the prefix eu ("well") of the verb euphoreo, "to produce well," in Luke 12:16, "brought forth plentifully."

Plot <1,,1917,epiboule>
lit., "a plan against" (epi, "against," boule, "a counsel, plan"), is translated "plot" in the RV (AV, "laying await" and "lying in wait") in Acts 9:24; 20:3,19; 23:30.