<2,,5465,chalao>
"to slacken, loosen, let loose," denotes in the NT, "to let down, to lower;" it is used with reference to (a) the paralytic, in Mark 2:4, cp. No. 1 (a); (b) Saul ot Tarsus, Acts 9:25, "lowering" [see also No. 1 (b)]; 2 Cor. 11:33, "was I let down" (Passive Voice); (c) nets, Luke 5:4,5 (in the latter, RV, "nets;" AV, "net"); (d) the gear of a ship, Acts 27:17, RV, "they lowered (the gear)," AV, "they strake (sail);" (e) a ship's boat, Acts 27:30, RV, "lowered" (AV, "let down"). See LOWER, STRIKE.

Let out <1,,1554,ekdidomi>
primarily, "to give out, give up, surrender" (ek, "out, from," didomi, "to give"), denotes "to let out for hire;" in the NT it is used, in the Middle Voice, with the meaning "to let out to one's advantage," in the parable of the husbandman and his vineyard, Matt. 21:33,41; Mark 12:1; Luke 20:9, AV, "let ... forth;" RV, "let ... out."

Letter <1,,1121,amma>
primarily denotes "that which is traced or drawn, a picture;" then, "that which is written," (a) "a character, letter of the alphabet," 2 Cor. 3:7; "written," lit., "(in) letters;" Gal. 6:11; here the reference is not to the length of the Epistle (Paul never uses gramma, either in the singular or the plural of his Epistles; of these he uses epistole, No. 2), but to the size of the characters written by his own hand (probably from this verse to the end, as the use of the past tense, "I have written," is, according to Greek idiom, the equivalent of our "I am writing"). Moreover, the word for "letters" is here in the dative case, grammasin, "with (how large) letters;" (b) "a writing, a written document, a bond" (AV, "bill") Luke 16:6,7; (c) "a letter, by way of correspondence," Acts 28:21; (d) the Scriptures of the OT, 2 Tim. 3:15; (e) "learning," John 7:15, "letters;" Acts 26:24, "(much) learning" (lit., "many letters"); in the papyri an illiterate person is often spoken of as one who does not know "letters," "which never means anything else than inability to write" (Moulton and Milligan); (f) "the letter," the written commandments of the Word of God, in contrast to the inward operation of the Holy Spirit under the New Covenant, Rom. 2:27,29; 7:6; 2 Cor. 3:6; (g) "the books of Moses," John 5:47.

<2,,1992,epistole>
* see EPISTLE

Level * For LEVEL see PLACE, Note (4)

Lewd * For LEWD and LEWDNESS see VILE and VILLANY

Liar <A-1,Noun,5583,pseustes>
"a liar," occurs in John 8:44,55; Rom. 3:4; 1 Tim. 1:10; Titus 1:12; 1 John 1:10; 2:4,22; 4:20; 5:10.

<B-1,Adjective,5571,pseudes>
"lying, false" (Eng., "pseudo-"), rendered "false" in Acts 6:13 and in the RV of Rev. 2:2 (AV, "liars"), is used as a noun, "liars," in Rev. 21:8. See FALSE.

Note: Many compound nouns are formed by the prefix pseudo-: see, e.g., APOSTLES, BRETHREN, CHRISTS, PROPHETS, TEACHERS, WITNESS.

Liberal, Liberality, Liberally <A-1,Noun,572,haplotes>
denotes (a) "simplicity, sincerity, unaffectedness" (from haplous, "single, simple," in contrast to diplous, "double"), Rom. 12:8, "simplicity;" 2 Cor. 11:3 (in some mss. in 2 Cor. 1:12); Eph. 6:5; Col. 3:22, singleness;" (b) "simplicity as manifested in generous giving," "liberality," 2 Cor. 8:2; 9:11 (AV, "bountifulness," RV marg., "singleness"); 9:13 (AV, "liberal"). See BOUNTY, No. 2.

<A-2,Noun,5485,charis>
is rendered "liberality" in 1 Cor. 16:3, AV. See BOUNTY, No. 3.

<B-1,Adverb,574,haplos>
"liberally, with singleness of heart," is used in Jas. 1:5 of God as the gracious and "liberal" Giver. The word may be taken either (a) in a logical sense, signifying unconditionally, simply, or (b) in a moral sense, generously; for the double meaning compare A, No. 1. On this passage Hort writes as follows: "Later writers comprehend under the one word the whole magnanimous and honorable type of character in which singleness of mind is the central feature."

Liberty <A-1,Noun,425,anesis>
"a loosening, relaxation," is translated "liberty" in Acts 24:23, AV. See INDULGENCE.

<A-2,Noun,859,aphesis>
"dismissal, release, forgiveness," is rendered "liberty" in the AV of Luke 4:18, RV, "release." See FORGIVENESS.

<A-3,Noun,1657,eleutheria>
see FREEDOM.

<A-4,Noun,1849,exousia>
"authority, right," is rendered "liberty" in 1 Cor. 8:9 (marg., "power"), "this liberty of yours," or "this right which you assert." See AUTHORITY.

<B-1,Adjective,1658,eleutheros>
is rendered "at liberty" in 1 Cor. 7:39, AV (RV "free"). See FREE.

<C-1,Verb,630,apoluo>
for the meanings of which see LET, No. 3, is translated "to set at liberty" in Acts 26:32; Heb. 13:23. See DISMISS.

<C-2,Verb,649,apostello>
"to send away," is translated "to set at liberty" in Luke 4:18. See SEND.

Note: In Acts 27:3, AV, epitrepo is rendered "gave ... liberty" (RV "gave ... leave"). See LEAVE (b)

Licence * For LICENCE (in Acts 21:40; 25:16, AV) see LEAVE (b) and OPPORTUNITY, A, No. 3

Lick <1,,1952,epileicho>
"to lick over" (epi, "over," leicho, "to lick"), is said of the dogs in Luke 16:21. Some mss. have apoleicho, "to lick off."

Lie (Falsehood: Noun and Verb) <A-1,Noun,5579,pseudos>
"a falsehood, lie" (see also under LIAR), is translated "lie" in John 8:44 (lit., "the lie"); Rom. 1:25, where it stands by metonymy for an idol, as, e.g., in Isa. 44:20; Jer. 10:14; 13:25; Amos 2:4 (plural); 2 Thess. 2:11, with special reference to the lie of 2 Thess. 2:4, that man is God (cp. Gen. 3:5); 1 John 2:21,27; Rev. 21:27; 22:15; in Eph. 4:25, AV "lying," RV, "falsehood," the practice; in Rev. 14:5, RV, "lie." (some mss. have dolos, "guile," AV); 2 Thess. 2:9, where "lying wonders" is, lit., "wonders of falsehood," i.e., wonders calculated to deceive (cp. Rev. 13:13-15), the purpose being to deceive people into the acknowledgement of the spurious claim to deity on the part of the Man of Sin.

Note: In Rom. 1:25 the "lie" or idol is the outcome of pagan religion; in 1 John 2:21,22 the "lie" is the denial that Jesus is the Christ; in 2 Thess. 2:11 the "lie" is the claim of the Man of Sin.

<A-2,Noun,5582,pseusma>
"a falsehood," or "an acted lie," Rom. 3:7, where "my lie" is not idolatry, but either the universal false attitude of man toward God or that with which his detractors charged the Apostle; the former seems to be the meaning.

<B-1,Adjective,5573,pseudologos>
denotes "speaking falsely" (pseudes, "false," logos, "a word") in 1 Tim. 4:2, where the adjective is translated "that speak lies," RV (AV, "speaking lies") and is applied to "demons," the actual utterances being by their human agents.

<B-2,Adjective,893,apseudes>
denotes "free from falsehood" (a, negative, pseudes, "false"), truthful, Titus 1:2, of God, "who cannot lie."

<C-1,Verb,5574,pseudo>
"to deceive by lies" (always in the Middle Voice in the NT), is used (a) absolutely, in Matt. 5:11, "falsely," lit., "lying" (AV, marg.); Rom. 9:1; 2 Cor. 11:31; Gal. 1:20; Col. 3:9 (where the verb is followed by the preposition eis, "to"); 1 Tim. 2:7; Heb. 6:18; Jas. 3:14 (where it is followed by the preposition kata, "against"); 1 John 1:6; Rev. 3:9; (b) transitively, with a direct object (without a preposition following), Acts 5:3 (with the accusative case), "to lie to (the Holy Ghost)," RV marg., "deceive;" Acts 5:4 (with the dative case) "thou hast (not) lied (unto men, but unto God)."

Lie (to lie down, on, upon) <1,,2749,keimai>
"to be laid, to lie," used as the Passive Voice of tithemi, "to lay" (see LAY, No. 14), is said (a) of the Child Jesus, Luke 2:12,16; (b) of the dead body of the Lord, Matt. 28:6; John 20:12; in Luke 23:53, "had ... lain," RV, AV, "was laid" [see LAY, No. 14, Note (1)], in the tomb as hitherto empty; (c) of the linen cloths, John 20:5,6,7; (d) figuratively of a veil as "lying" upon the hearts of the Jews, 2 Cor. 3:15, RV, "lieth" (AV, "is"); (e) metaphorically, of the world as "lying" in the evil one, 1 John 5:19, RV; (f) of the heavenly city, Rev. 21:16. For other instances in which the rendering is in the Passive Voice, see LAY, No. 14. See APPOINT.

<2,,2621,katakeimai>
"to lie down" (kata, "down," and No. 1), is used of the sick, Mark 1:30; 2:4; Luke 5:25; John 5:3,6; Acts 28:8; in Acts 9:33 it is rendered "had kept (his bed)," lit., "lying (on a bed)." See SIT.

<3,,906,ballo>
"to throw, cast," is used in the Passive Voice, with reference to the sick, with the meaning "to be laid, to lie," in Matt. 8:6, "(my servant) lieth (in the house)," lit., "is laid;" Matt. 8:14, "lying," RV, (AV, "laid"); Matt. 9:2, "lying (on a bed)." See CAST.

<4,,1945,epikeimai>
"to lie upon, be laid upon," is translated with this meaning, intransitively in John 11:38; Acts 27:20; transitively, in the Passive Voice, in John 21:9; 1 Cor. 9:16. See IMPOSED.

Notes: (1) In Mark 5:40, some mss. have the verb anakeimai, "to be laid up," translated "was lying," AV. In the most authentic the word is absent. (2) In Acts 27:12, AV, blepo, "to look," is rendered "lieth," of the situation of the heaven Phoenix (AV, Phenice); RV, "looketh." (3) In John 11:17, AV, the verb echo, "to have, to hold," used with en, "in," signifying "to be in a certain condition," is translated "had lain" (RV, "had been"). (4) In John 13:25, anapipto, lit., "to fall upon," hence the AV, "lying"), is used of John's position at the table, RV, "leaning back (... on Jesus' breast)."

Lie in wait <A-1,Verb,1748,enedreuo>
"to lie in wait for, to lay wait for" (from en, "in," and hedra, "a seat," cp. B), occurs in Luke 11:54, "laying wait for;" Acts 23:21, "there lie in wait for."

Note: In Acts 23:30, the word epiboule, "a plot," necessitates the RV "(that there would be) a plot." For Eph. 4:14, AV, see WILES.

<B-1,Noun,1747 | 1749,enedra | enedron> akin to A, "a lying in wait, an ambush," occurs in Acts 23:16 (where some mss. have the form enedron); Acts 25:3, "laying wait," lit., "making an ambush." In the Sept., Josh. 8:7,9; Ps. 10:8.

Life, Living, Lifetime, Life-giving <A-1,Noun,2222,zoe>
(Eng., "zoo," "zoology") is used in the NT "of life as a principle, life in the absolute sense, life as God has it, that which the Father has in Himself, and which He gave to the Incarnate Son to have in Himself, John 5:26, and which the Son manifested in the world, 1 John 1:2. From this life man has become alienated in consequence of the Fall, Eph. 4:18, and of this life men become partakers through faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, John 3:15, who becomes its Author to all such as trust in Him, Acts 3:15, and who is therefore said to be 'the life' of the believer, Col. 3:4, for the life that He gives He maintains, John 6:35,63. Eternal life is the present actual possession of the believer because of his relationship with Christ, John 5:24; 1 John 3:14, and that it will one day extend its domain to the sphere of the body is assured by the Resurrection of Christ, 2 Cor. 5:4; 2 Tim. 1:10. This life is not merely a principle of power and mobility, however, for it has moral associations which are inseparable from it, as of holiness and righteousness. Death and sin, life and holiness, are frequently contrasted in the Scriptures.

"Zoe is also used of that which is the common possession of all animals and men by nature, Acts 17:25; 1 John 5:16, and of the present sojourn of man upon the earth with reference to its duration, Luke 16:25; 1 Cor. 15:19; 1 Tim. 4:8; 1 Pet. 3:10. 'This life' is a term equivalent to 'the gospel,' 'the faith,' 'Christianity,' Acts 5:20."* [* From Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine. pp. 324,325.]

Death came through sin, Rom. 5:12, which is rebellion against God. Sin thus involved the forfeiting of the "life." "The life of the flesh is in the blood," Lev. 17:11. Therefore the impartation of "life" to the sinner must be by a death caused by the shedding of that element which is the life of the flesh. "It is the blood that maketh atonement by reason of the life" (id., RV). The separation from God caused by the forfeiting of the "life" could be removed only by a sacrifice in which the victim and the offerer became identified. This which was appointed in the typical offerings in Israel received its full accomplishment in the voluntary sacrifice of Christ. The shedding of the blood in the language of Scripture involves the taking or the giving of the "life." Since Christ had no sins of his own to die for, His death was voluntary and vicarious, John 10:15 with Isa. 53:5,10,12; 2 Cor. 5:21. In His sacrifice He endured the Divine judgment due to man's sin. By this means the believer becomes identified with Him in His deathless "life," through His resurrection, and enjoys conscious and eternal fellowship with God.

<A-2,Noun,979,bios>
(cp. Eng. words beginning with bio-), is used in three respects (a) of "the period or duration of life," e.g., in the AV of 1 Pet. 4:3, "the time past of our life" (the RV follows the mss. which omit "of our life"); Luke 8:14; 2 Tim. 2:4; (b) of "the manner of life, life in regard to its moral conduct," 1 Tim. 2:2; 1 John 2:16; (c) of "the means of life, livelihood, maintenance, living," Mark 12:44; Luke 8:43; 15:12,30; 21:4; 1 John 3:17, "goods," RV (AV, "good"). See GOODS.

Note: "While zoe is "life' intensive ... bios is 'life' extensive. ... In bios, used as manner of 'life,' there is an ethical sense often inhering which, in classical Greek at least, zoe does not possess." In Scripture zoe is "the nobler word, expressing as it continually does, all of highest and best which the saints posses in God" (Trench, Syn. xxvii).

<A-3,Noun,5590,psuche>
besides its meanings, "heart, mind, soul," denotes "life" in two chief respects, (a) "breath of life, the natural life," e.g., Matt. 2:20; 6:25; Mark 10:45; Luke 12:22; Acts 20:10; Rev. 8:9; 12:11 (cp. Lev. 17:11; Esth. 8:11); (b) "the seat of personality," e.g., Luke 9:24, explained in Luke 9:25 as "own self." See list under SOUL. See also HEART, MIND.

Notes: (1) "Speaking generally, psuche, is the individual life, the living being, whereas zoe, is the life of that being, cp. Ps. 66:9, 'God ... which holdeth our soul (psuche) in life (zoe),' and John 10:10, 'I came that they may have life (zoe),' with John 10:11, 'The Good Shepherd layeth down His life (psuche) for the sheep.'" * [* From Notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, p. 325.] (2) In Rev. 13:15, AV, pneuma, "breath," is translated "life" (RV, "breath"). (3) In 2 Cor. 1:8, "we despaired even of life," the verb zao, "to live," is used in the infinitive mood, as a noun, and translated "life" (lit., "living"). In Heb. 2:15 the infinitive mood of the same verb is translated "lifetime."

<A-4,Noun,981,biosis>
from bioo, "to spend one's life, to live," denotes "a manner of life," Acts 26:4.

<A-5,Noun,72,agoge>
"a manner of life," 2 Tim. 3:10; see CONDUCT.

<A-6,Noun,391,anastrophe>
"behavior, conduct," is translated "manner of life" (AV "conversation") in the RV of Gal. 1:13; 1 Tim. 4:12; 1 Pet. 1:18; 3:16; "living," in 1 Pet. 1:15. See BEHAVIOR.

<B-1,Adjective,982,biotikos>
"pertaining to life" (bios), is translated "of this life," in Luke 21:34, with reference to cares; in 1 Cor. 6:3, "(things) that pertain to this life," and 1 Cor. 6:4, "(things) pertaining to this life," i.e., matters of this world, concerning which Christians at Corinth were engaged in public lawsuits one with another; such matters were to be regarded as relatively unimportant in view of the great tribunals to come under the jurisdiction of saints hereafter. Moulton and Milligan (Vocab.) illustrate the word from phrases in the papyri, e.g., "business (documents);" "business concerning my livelihood;" "(stories) of ordinary life."

<B-2,Adjective,895,apsuchos>
denotes "lifeless, inanimate" (a, negative, and psuche, see A, No. 3), "without life," 1 Cor. 14:7.

<C-1,Verb,2227,zoopoieo>
"to make alive, cause to live, quicken" (from zoe, "life," and poieo, "to make"), is used as follows: "(a) of God as the bestower of every kind of life in the universe, 1 Tim. 6:13 (zoogoneo, to preserve alive, is the alternative reading adopted by most editors; see LIVE, No. 6), and, particularly, of resurrection life, John 5:21; Rom. 4:17; (b) of Christ, who also is the bestower of resurrection life, John 5:21 (2nd part); 1 Cor. 15:45; cp. 1 Cor. 15:22; (c) of the resurrection of Christ in "the body of His glory," 1 Pet. 3:18; (d) of the power of reproduction inherent in seed, which presents a certain analogy with resurrection, 1 Cor. 15:36; (e) of the 'changing,' or 'fashioning anew,' of the bodies of the living, which corresponds with, and takes place at the same time as, the resurrection of the dead in Christ, Rom. 8:11; (f) of the impartation of spiritual life, and the communication of spiritual sustenance generally, John 6:63; 2 Cor. 3:6; Gal. 3:21." * [* From Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 154,155.] See QUICKEN, and cp. sunzoopoieo, "to quicken together with," Eph. 2:5; Col. 2:13.

Notes: (1) For the verb diago, "to lead a life," see LIVE, No. 7. (2) For politeuo, in Phil. 1:27, RV, "let your manner of life be," see LIVE, No. 8.

Lift <1,,1453,egeiro>
"to awaken, raise up," is used in Matt. 12:11, of "lifting" a sheep out of a pit. In the following the RV has "raised" for AV, "lifted:" Mark 1:31; 9:27; Acts 3:7. See ARISE, AWAKE, RAISE.

<2,,142,airo>
signifies (a) "to raise, take up, lift, draw up," (b) "to bear, carry," (c) "to take or carry away." It is used of "lifting" up the voice, Luke 17:13; Acts 4:24; eyes, John 11:41; hand, Rev. 10:5. See AWAY, BEAR, CARRY, DOUBT, A, No. 6, LOOSE, PUT, No. 17, REMOVE, TAKE.

<3,,1869,epairo>
"to lift up, raise" (epi, "upon," and No. 2), is used of "lifting" up the eyes, Matt. 17:8; Luke 6:20; 16:23; 18:13; John 4:35; 6:5; 17:1; the head, Luke 21:28; the hands, Luke 24:50; 1 Tim. 2:8; the voice, Luke 11:27; Acts 2:14; 14:11; 22:22; a foresail, Acts 27:40 ("hoisting," RV); metaphorically, of the heel, John 13:18, as of one "lifting" up the foot before kicking; the expression indicates contempt and violence; in the Passive Voice, Acts 1:9, of Christ's ascension, "was taken up;" 2 Cor. 10:5, "is exalted" (with pride); 2 Cor. 11:20, "exalteth himself." See EXALT, HOIST, TAKE.

<4,,5312,hupsoo>
"to lift or raise up" (akin to hupsos, "height"), is rendered by the verb "to lift up" in John 3:14, of the brazen serpent; of Christ in crucifixion (id.), and John 8:28; 12:32,34; metaphorically, "to exalt, lift up," e.g., Jas. 4:10, AV, "shall lift ... up," RV, "shall exalt." See EXALT.

<5,,450,anistemi>
"to raise up" (ana, "up," histemi, "to cause to stand"), is translated "lifted (her) up," in Acts 9:41, AV; RV, "raised (her) up." See ARISE, RAISE.

<6,,461,anorthoo>
"to set upright" (ana, "up," orthos, "straight"), is used of "lifting" up "hands that hang down," Heb. 12:12; of setting up a building, restoring ruins, Acts 15:16 (cp., e.g., 2 Sam. 7:13,16; 1 Chron. 17:12; Jer. 10:12; often so used in the papyri); of the healing of the woman with a spirit of infirmity, Luke 13:13, "was made straight" (for ver. 11, see No. 7). See SET, STRAIGHT.

<7,,352,anakupto>
"to lift oneself up," is used (a) of the body, Luke 13:11; John 8:7,10; (b) metaphorically, of the mind, to look up, to be elated, Luke 21:28 (followed by No. 3, "lift up"); an instance is found in the papyri in which a person speaks of the imposibility of ever looking up again in a certain place, for very shame (moulton and Milligan, Vocab.). In the Sept., Job 10:15.

Light, Noun, and Verb (bring to, give), Lighten <A-1,Noun,5457,phos>
akin to phao, "to give light" (from roots pha---, and phan---, expressing "light as seen by the eye," and, metaphorically, as "reaching the mind," whence phaino, "to make to appear," phaneros, "evident," etc.); cp. Eng., "phosphorus" (lit., "light-bearing"). "Primarily light is a luminous emanation, probably of force, from certain bodies, which enables the eye to discern form and color. Light requires an organ adapted for its reception (Matt. 6:22). Where the eye is absent, or where it has become impaired from any cause, light is useless. Man, naturally, is incapable of receiving spiritual light inasmuch as he lacks the capacity for spiritual things, 1 Cor. 2:14. Hence believers are called 'sons of light,' Luke 16:8, not merely because they have received a revelation from God, but because in the New Birth they have received the spiritual capacity for it.

"Apart from natural phenomena, light is used in Scripture of (a) the glory of God's dwelling-place, 1 Tim. 6:16; (b) the nature of God, 1 John 1:5; (c) the impartiality of God, Jas. 1:17; (d) the favor of God, Ps. 4:6; of the King, Prov. 16:15; of an influential man, Job 29:24; (e) God, as the illuminator of His people, Isa. 60:19,20; (f) the Lord Jesus as the illuminator of men, John 1:4,5,9; 3:19; 8:12; 9:5; 12:35,36,46; Acts 13:47; (g) the illuminating power of the Scriptures, Ps. 119:105; and of the judgments and commandments of God, Isa. 51:4; Prov. 6:23, cp. Ps. 43:3; (h) the guidance of God, Job 29:3; Ps. 112:4; Isa. 58:10; and, ironically, of the guidance of man, Rom. 2:19; (i) salvation, 1 Pet. 2:9; (j) righteousness, Rom. 13:12; 2 Cor. 11:14,15; 1 John 2:9,10; (k) witness for God, Matt. 5:14,16; John 5:35; (l) prosperity and general well-being, Esth. 8:16; Job 18:18; Isa. 58:8-10." * [* From Notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 159,160.]

<A-2,Noun,5458,phoster>
denotes "a luminary, light," or "light-giver;" it is used figuratively of believers, as shining in the spiritual darkness of the world, Phil. 2:15; in Rev. 21:11 it is used of Christ as the "Light" reflected in and shining through the heavenly city (cp. Rev. 21:23). In the Sept., Gen. 1:14,16.

<A-3,Noun,5462,photismos>
"an illumination, light," is used metaphorically in 2 Cor. 4:4, of the "light" of the Gospel, and in 2 Cor. 4:6, of the knowledge of the glory of God. In the Sept., Job 3:9; Ps. 27:1; 44:3; 78:14; 90:8; 139:11.

<A-4,Noun,5338,phengos>
"brightness, luster," is used of the "light" of the moon, Matt. 24:29; Mark 13:24; of a lamp, Luke 11:33 (some mss. have phos, here).

<A-5,Noun,3088,luchnos>
"a hand-lamp:" see LAMP.

<A-6,Noun,2985,lampas>
"a torch:" see LAMP.

<B-1,Verb,5461,photizo>
used (a) intrasitively, signifies "to shine, give light," Rev. 22:5; (b) transitively, (1) "to illumine, to light, enlighten, to be lightened," Luke 11:36; Rev. 21:23; in the Passive Voice, Rev. 18:1; metaphorically, of spiritual enlightenment, John 1:9; Eph. 1:18; 3:9, "to make ... see;" Heb. 6:4; 10:32, "ye were enlightened," RV (AV, "... illuminated"); (2) "to bring to light," 1 Cor. 4:5 (of God's act in the future); 2 Tim. 1:10 (of God's act in the past). See ENLIGHTEN, ILLUMINATE.

<B-2,Verb,2017,epiphausko>
or possibly epiphauo, "to shine forth," is rendered "shall give ... light," in Eph. 5:14, AV (RV, "shall shine upon"), of the glory of Christ, illumining the believer who fulfills the conditions, so that being guided by His "light" he reflects His character. See SHINE. Cp. epiphosko, "to dawn" (really a variant form of epiphausko).

<B-3,Verb,2989,lampo>
"to give the light of a torch," is rendered "giveth light" in Matt. 5:15, AV (RV, "shineth"). See SHINE.

<B-4,Verb,2014,epiphaino>
transitively, "to show forth" (epi, "upon," phaino, "to cause to shine"), is used intransitively and metaphorically in Luke 1:79, and rendered "to give light," AV (RV, "to shine upon"). See APPEAR, SHINE.

<B-5,Verb,681,hapto>
"to kindle a fire" and so give "light:" see KINDLE, No. 1, Note.

<B-6,Verb,2545,kaio>
"to burn," is translated "do (men) light" in Matt. 5:15. See BURN.

<B-7,Verb,797,astrapto>
"to flash forth, lighten as lightning" (akin to astrape, "lightning"), occurs in Luke 17:24; 24:4 (AV "shining;" RV, "dazzling"). See DAZZLING.

Note: In Luke 2:32, AV, the noun apokalupsis, "an unveiling, revelation," preceded by eis, "unto, with a view to," is rendered "to lighten" (RV, "for revelation;" marg., "(the) unveiling"). See REVELATION.

<C-1,Adjective,5460,photeinos>
from phos (A, No. 1), "bright," is rendered "full of light" in Matt. 6:22; Luke 11:34,36 (twice), figuratively, of the single-mindedness of the eye, which acts as the lamp of the body; in Matt. 17:5, "bright," of a cloud. See BRIGHT.

Light (to light upon) * Notes: (1) In Matt. 3:16, AV, erchomai, "to come," is translated "lighting;" RV, "coming." (2) In Rev. 7:16, AV, pipto, "to fall," is translated "shall ... light" (RV, "shall ... strike"). See STRIKE. (3) For Acts 27:41, RV, see FALL, B, No. 8.

Light, Lighten (as to weight) <A-1,Adjective,1645,elaphros>
"light in weight, easy to bear," is used of the burden imparted by Christ, Matt. 11:30; of affliction, 2 Cor. 4:17.

<B-1,Verb,2893,kouphizo>
"to make light, lighten" (the adjective kouphos, not in NT, denotes "slight, light, empty"), is used of "lightening" the ship, in Acts 27:38.

Note: For the phrase in Acts 27:18, AV, "they lightened the ship," See FREIGHT.

<C-1,Noun,1644,elaphria>
"lightness," 2 Cor. 1:17, AV: see FICKLENESS.

Light of (make), Lightly <1,,272,ameleo>
denotes "to be careless, not to care" (a, negative, and melei, an impersonal verb, signifying "it is a care:" see CARE), Matt. 22:5, "they made light of (it)," lit., "making light of (it)," aorist participle, indicating the definiteness of their decision. See NEGLECT, NEGLIGENT, REGARD.

Note: In Mark 9:39, AV, the adverb tachu, "quickly," is translated "lightly" (RV, "quickly"). See QUICKLY.

Lightning <1,,796,astrape>
denotes (a) "lightning" (akin to LIGHT, B, No. 7), Matt. 24:27; 28:3; Luke 10:18; 17:24; in the plural, Rev. 4:5; 8:5; 11:19; 16:18; (b) "bright shining," or "shining brightness," Luke 11:36. See SHINING.

Like, Like (as to, unto), (be) Like, (make) Like, Like (things), Liken <A-1,Adjective,3664,homoios>
"like, resembling, such as, the same as," is used (a) of appearance or form, John 9:9; Rev. 1:13,15; 2:18; 4:3 (twice),6,7; 9:7 (twice),10,19; 11:1; 13:2,11; 14:14; (b) of ability, condition, nature, Matt. 22:39; Acts 17:29; Gal. 5:21, "such like," lit., "and the (things) similar to these;" 1 John 3:2; Rev. 13:4; 18:18; 21:11,18; (c) of comparision in parables, Matt. 13:31,33,44,45,47; 20:1; Luke 13:18,19,21; (d) of action, thought, etc., Matt. 11:16; 13:52; Luke 6:47,48,49; 7:31,32; 12:36; John 8:55; Jude 1:7.

<A-2,Adjective,2470,isos>
"equal" (the same in size, quality, etc.), is translated "like," of the gift of the Spirit, Acts 11:17. See EQUAL, MUCH (AS).

<A-3,Adjective,3946,paromoios>
"much like" (para, "beside," and No. 1), is used in Mark 7:13, in the neuter plural, "(many such) like things."

<B-1,Verb,3666,homoioo>
"to make like" (akin to A, No. 1), is used (a) especially in the parables, with the significance of comparing, "likening," or, in the Passive Voice, "being likened," Matt. 7:24,26; 11:16; 13:24; 18:23; 22:2 (RV, "likened"); 25:1; Mark 4:30; Luke 7:31; 13:18, RV, "liken" (AV, "resemble"); Luke 13:20; in several of these instances the point of resemblance is not a specific detail, but the whole circumstances of the parable; (b) of making "like," or, in the Passive Voice, of being made or becoming "like," Matt. 6:8; Acts 14:11, "in the likeness of (men)," lit., "being made like" (aorist participle, Passive); Rom. 9:29; Heb. 2:17, of Christ in being "made like" unto His brethren, i.e., in partaking of human nature, apart from sin (cp. Heb. 2:14).

<B-2,Verb,1503,eoika>
a perfect tense with a present meaning (from an obsolete present, eiko), denotes "to be like, to resemble," Jas. 1:6,23. In the Sept., Job 6:3,25.

<B-3,Verb,3945,paromoiazo>
"to be like" (from para, "by," and a verbal form from homoios, A, No. 1), is used in Matt. 23:27 (perhaps with intensive force), in the Lord's comparison of the scribes and Pharisees to whitened sepulchres.

<B-4,Verb,871,aphomoioo>
"to make like" (apo, "from," and No. 1), is used in Heb. 7:3, of Melchizedek as "made like" the Son of God, i.e., in the facts related and withheld in the Genesis record.

Note: For the AV of Rom. 1:23, "made like," see LIKENESS, No. 1.

<C-1,Adverb,5613,hos>
used as a relative adverb of manner, means "as, like as," etc. and is translated "like," e.g., in Matt. 6:29; Mark 4:31; Luke 12:27; in Acts 3:22; 7:37 (see RV, marg.); in Acts 8:32 (2nd part), RV, "as" (AV, "like"); Rev. 2:18, RV (the rendering should have been "as" here); Rev. 18:21, RV, "as it were" (AV, "like"); Rev. 21:11, 2nd part (ditto).

<C-2,Adverb,5618,hosper>
"just as," is rendered "like as" in Rom. 6:4.

Notes: (1) In Heb. 4:15, the phrase kath'homoioteta (kata, "according to," homoiotes, "a likeness," i.e., "after the similitude"), is rendered "like as," in the statement that Christ has been tempted in all points "like as we are, yet without sin;" this may mean either "according to the likeness of our temptations," or "in accordance with His likeness to us." (2) In the following the most authentic mss. have hos, "as," for hosei, "like," in the AV; Mark 1:10; Luke 3:22; John 1:32; Rev. 1:14. (3) In John 7:46, AV, the combination of the adverb houtos, thus, with hos, "as," is translated "like," RV "(never man) so (spake)." (4) For "in like manner" see MANNER. (5) In 1 Thess. 2:14, AV, ta auta, "the same (things)," is translated "like (things)," RV, "the same (things)."

Like (did not) * For (DID NOT) LIKE, Rom. 1:28, AV, see REFUSE; No. 3

Likeminded <1,,2473,isopsuchos>
lit., "of equal soul" (isos, "equal," psuche, "the soul"), is rendered "likeminded" in Phil. 2:20. In the Sept., Ps. 55:13.

<2,,3675,homophron>
(homos, "the same," phren, "the mind"), occurs in 1 Pet. 3:8, RV, "likeminded" (AV, "of one mind").

Note: In Rom. 15:5; Phil. 2:2, phroneo to auto, "to think the same thing," is translated, AV, "be likeminded" (RV, "be of the same mind").

Likeness, Likeness of (in the) <1,,3667,homoioma>
denotes "that which is made like something, a resemblance," (a) in the concrete sense, Rev. 9:7, "shapes" (RV, marg., "likenesses"); (b) in the abstract sense, Rom. 1:23, RV, "(for) the likeness (of an image);" the AV translates it as a verb, "(into an image) made like to;" the association here of the two words homoioma and eikon (see IMAGE) serves to enhance the contrast between the idol and "the glory of the incorruptible God," and is expressive of contempt; in Rom. 5:14, "(the) likeness of Adam's transgression" (AV, "similitude"); in Rom. 6:5, "(the) likeness (of His death); in Rom. 8:3, "(the) likeness (of sinful flesh); in Phil. 2:7, "the likeness of men." "The expression 'likeness of men does not of itself imply, still less does it exclude or diminish, the reality of the nature which Christ assumed. That ... is declared in the words 'form of a servant.' 'Paul justly says in the likeness of men, because, in fact, Christ, although certainly perfect Man (Rom. 5:15; 1 Cor. 15:21; 1 Tim. 2:5), was, by reason of the Divine nature present in Him, not simply and merely man ... but the Incarnate Son of God'" (Gifford, quoting Meyer). See SHAPE. Cp. LIKE, B, (b).

<2,,3669,homoiosis>
"a making like," is translated "likeness" in Jas. 3:9, RV (AV, "similitude").

<3,,3665,homoiotes>
is translated "likeness" in Heb. 7:15, RV (AV, "similitude")

<4,,499,antitupon>
is rendered "after a true likeness," in 1 Pet. 3:21, RV (marg., "in the antitype"). See FIGURE, No. 2.

Likewise <1,,3668,homoios>
"in like manner" (from the adjective homoios, see LIKE, A, No. 1), is rendered "likewise" in the AV of Matt. 22:26; 27:41, Luke 10:32; 16:25; John 5:19; Jas. 2:25; 1 Pet. 3:1,7; Jude 1:8; Rev. 8:12 (in all these the RV has "in like manner"); in the following, AV and RV have "likewise;" Matt. 26:35; Luke 5:33; 6:31; 10:37; 17:28,31; 22:36; John 6:11; 21:13; Rom. 1:27; 1 Pet. 5:5. See MANNER, SO.

<2,,5615,hosautos>
a strengthened form of hos, "as," denotes "in like manner, just so, likewise;" it is sometimes translated "likewise," e.g., Matt. 20:5; 21:30.

<3,,2532,kai>
"and, even," is translated "likewise" in the AV and RV of Matt. 20:10 (last kai in the verse), more lit., "even they;" elsewhere the RV has "also," for the AV, "likewise," Matt. 18:35; 24:33; Luke 3:14; 17:10; 19:19; 21:31; Acts 3:24; 1 Cor. 14:9; Col. 4:16; 1 Pet. 4:1; in Matt. 21:24, the AV has "in like wise" (RV, "likewise").

<4,,3898,paraplesios>
from para, "beside," and the adjective plesios, "near" (akin to the adverb pelas, "near, hard by"), is used in Heb. 2:14, AV, "likewise" (RV, "in like manner"), expressing the true humanity of Christ in partaking of flesh and blood.

Notes: (1) In Matt. 17:12; Rom. 6:11, AV, the adverb houtos, "thus, so," is translated "likewise," (RV, "so"); in Luke 15:7; 10, AV, "likewise," RV, "even so;" in Luke 14:33, AV, followed by oun, "therefore," it is rendered "so likewise" (RV, "so therefore").

Lily <1,,2918,krinon>
occurs in Matt. 6:28; Luke 12:27; in the former the Lord speaks of "the lilies of the field;" the "lily" referred to was a flower of rich color, probably including the gladiolus and iris species. The former "grow among the grain, often overtopping it and illuminating the broad fields with their various shades of pinkish purple to deep violet purple and blue. ... Anyone who has stood among the wheat fields of Galilee ... will see at once the appropriateness of our Savior's allusion. They all have a reedy stem, which, when dry, would make such fuel as is used in the ovens. The beautiful irises ... have gorgeous flowers, and would suit our Savior's comparison even better than the above. But they are plants of pasture grounds and swamps, and seldom found in grain fields. If, however, we understand by 'lilies of the field' simply wild lilies, these would also be included in the expression. Our Savior's comparison would then be like a 'composite photograph,' a reference to all the splendid colors and beautiful shapes of the numerous wild plants comprehended under the name 'lily'" (G. E. Post, in Hastings' Bib. Dic.).

Limit * For LIMIT, in Heb. 4:7, AV, see DEFINE

Line * For LINE see PROVINCE, No. 2

Lineage * For LINEAGE in Luke 2:4, AV, see FAMILY

Linen, Linen cloth, fine Linen <1,,4616,sindon>
was "a fine linen cloth, an article of domestic manufacture" (Prov. 31:24) used (a) as a garment or wrap, the "linen cloth" of Mark 14:51,52; (b) as shrouds or winding sheets, Matt. 27:59; Mark 15:46, RV, "linen cloth," for AV, "linen;" Luke 23:53 (ditto). In the Sept., Judg. 14:12, "(thirty) sheets;" Prov. 31:24 (see above). The Mishna (the Great Collection of legal decisions by the ancient Rabbis) records that the material was sometimes used for curtains.

<2,,3043,linon>
denotes (a) "flax," Matt. 12:20; (b) "linen," in Rev. 15:6, AV; the best texts have lithos, "stone," RV. See FLAX.

<3,,3608,othonion>
"a piece of fine linen," is used in the plural, of the strips of cloth with which the body of the Lord was bound, after being wrapped in the sindon, Luke 24:12; John 19:40; 20:5,6,7. In the Sept., Judg. 14:13, "changes of raiment;" Hos. 2:5,9. The word is a diminutive of othone, "a sheet" (see SHEET).

<4,,1040,bussos>
"fine linen," made from a special species of flax, a word of Aramean origin, used especially for the Syrian byssus (Arab. bus is still used for native "linen"). Cp. Heb. bus, in all OT passages quoted here, except Ezek. 27:7; Syriac busa in Luke 16:19. It is the material mentioned in 1 Chron. 4:21, wrought by the house of Ashbea; 1 Chron. 15:27, bussinos, No. 5 (David's robe); 2 Chron. 3:14, bussos (the veil of the Temple); 2 Chron. 5:12, bussinos (the clothing of the Levite singers); Esth. 1:6 (the cords of the hangings in the king's garden); Esth. 8:15 (Mordecai's dress); Ezek. 27:7 (bussos, in Syrian trade with Tyre). In the NT, Luke 16:19, the clothing of the "rich man."

<5,,1039,bussinos>
an adjective formed from No. 4, denoting "made of fine linen." This is used of the clothing of the mystic Babylon, Rev. 18:12,16, and of the suitable attire of the Lamb's wife, 19:8,14, figuratively describing "the righteous acts of the saints." The presumption of Babylon is conspicuous in that she arrays herself in that which alone befits the bride of Christ. For examples of the use in the Sept. see No. 4.

Linger <1,,691,argeo>
"to be idle, to linger" (akin to argos, "idle:" see katargeo, under ABOLISH), is used negatively regarding the judgment of the persons mentioned in 2 Pet. 2:3. In the Sept., Ezra 4:24; Eccles. 12:3.

Lion <1,,3023,leon>
occurs in 2 Tim. 4:17, probably figurative of the imminent peril of death, the figure being represented by the whole phrase, not by the word "lion" alone; some suppose the reference to be to the lions of the amphitheater; the Greek commentators regarded the "lion" as Nero; others understand it to be Satan. The language not improbably recalls that of Ps. 22:21; Dan. 6:20. The word is used metaphorically, too, in Rev. 5:5, where Christ is called "the Lion of the tribe of Judah." Elsewhere it has the literal meaning, Heb. 11:33; 1 Pet. 5:8; Rev. 4:7; 9:8,17; 10:3; 13:2. Taking the OT and NT occurrences the allusions are to the three great features of the "lion," (1) its majesty and strength, indicative of royalty, e.g., Prov. 30:30, (2) its courage, e.g., Prov. 28:1, (3) its cruelty, e.g., Ps. 22:13.

Lip <1,,5491,cheilos>
is used (a) of the organ of speech, Matt. 15:8; Mark 7:6, where "honoring with the lips," besides meaning empty words, may have reference to a Jewish custom of putting to the mouth the tassel of the tallith (the woollen scarf wound round the head and neck during prayer), as a sign of acceptance of the Law from the heart; Rom. 3:13; 1 Cor. 14:21 (from Isa. 28:11,12, speaking of the Assyrian foe as God's message to disobedient Israel); Heb. 13:15; 1 Pet. 3:10; (b) metaphorically, of "the brink or edge of things," as of the sea shore, Heb. 11:12, lit., "the shore (of the sea)."

List (Verb) <1,,2309,thelo>
"to will, wish," is translated by the verb "to list" in Matt. 17:12; Mark 9:13; John 3:8. See DESIRE, B, No. 6.

<2,,1014,boulomai>
"to will, be minded," is translated "listeth" in Jas. 3:4 (RV, "willeth"). See DESIRE, B, No. 7.

Little <A-1,Adjective,3398,mikros>
"little, small" (the opposite of megas, "great"), is used (a) of persons, with regard to (1) station, or age, in the singular, Mark 15:40, of James "the less" (RV marg., "little"), possibly referring to age; Luke 19:3; in the plural, "little" ones, Matt. 18:6,10,14; Mark 9:42; (2) rank or influence, e.g., Matt. 10:42 (see context); Acts 8:10; 26:22, "small," as in Rev. 11:18; 13:16; 19:5,18; 20:12; (b) of things, with regard to (1) size, e.g., Jas. 3:5 (some mss. have No. 2 here); (2) quantity, Luke 12:32; 1 Cor. 5:6; Gal. 5:9; Rev. 3:8; (3) time, John 7:33; 12:35; Rev. 6:11; 20:3. See B, No. 1. See LEAST, SMALL.

<A-2,Adjective,3641,oligos>
"little, few" (the opposite of polus, "much"), is translated "short" in Rev. 12:12; in the neut. sing., e.g., 2 Cor. 8:15. For Jas. 3:5, see No. 1. See FEW, SHORT, SMALL.

<A-3,Adjective,1024,brachus>
"short," is used to some extent adverbially of (a) time, with the preposition meta, "after," Luke 22:58, "(after) a little while;" in Acts 5:34, without a preposition, RV, "a little while" (AV, "a little space"); in Heb. 2:7,9, "a little" (AV marg. in ver. 7, and RV marg., in both, "a little while"), where the writer transfers to time what the Sept. in Ps. 8:5 says of rank; (b) of quantity, John 6:7; in Heb. 13:22, preceded by the preposition dia, "by means of," and with logon, "words" (genitive plural) understood, "(in) few words;" (c) of distance, Acts 27:28, RV, "a little space" (AV, "a little further"). See FEW, FURTHER, SPACE.

<A-4,Adjective,1646,elachistos>
which serves as the superlative of No. 1, is translated "a very little" in Luke 19:17. See LEAST.

Note: For mikroteros, "but little," see LEAST, No. 4.

<B-1,Adverb,3397,mikron>
the neuter of A, No. 1, is used adverbially (a) of distance, Matt. 26:39; Mark 14:35; (b) of quantity, 2 Cor. 11:1,16; (c) of time, Matt. 26:73, "a while;" Mark 14:70; John 13:33, "a little while;" John 14:19; 16:16-19; Heb. 10:37, with the repeated hoson, "how very," lit., "a little while, how little, how little!" See WHILE.

<B-2,Adverb,3641,oligon>
the neuter of A, No. 2, is used adverbially of (a) time, Mark 6:31, "a while;" 1 Pet. 1:6, RV, "a little while" (AV, "a season"); 1 Pet. 5:10, RV, "a little while" (AV, "a while"); Rev. 17:10, RV, "a little while" (AV, "a short space"); (b) space, Mark 1:19; Luke 5:3; (c) extent, with the preposition pros, "for," in 1 Tim. 4:8, RV, "(for) a little" (AV, and RV marg., "little"), where, while the phrase might refer to duration (as AV marg.), yet the antithesis "for all things" clearly indicates extent, i.e., "physical training is profitable towards few objects in life." See BRIEFLY, FEW, SEASON, C, Note.

<B-3,Adverb,3357,metrios>
moderately, occurs in Acts 20:12, "a little."

Little (no little) * For (NO) LITTLE see COMMON, B, Note (3)

Live <1,,2198,zao>
"to live, be alive," is used in the NT of "(a) God, Matt. 16:16; John 6:57; Rom. 14:11; (b) the Son in Incarnation, John 6:57; (c) the Son in Resurrection, John 14:19; Acts 1:3; Rom. 6:10; 2 Cor. 13:4; Heb. 7:8; (d) spiritual life, John 6:57; Rom. 1:17; 8:13; Gal. 2:19,20; Heb. 12:9; (e) the present state of departed saints, Luke 20:38; 1 Pet. 4:6; (f) the hope of resurrection, 1 Pet. 1:3; (g) the resurrection of believers, 1 Thess. 5:10; John 5:25; Rev. 20:4, and of unbelievers, Rev. 20:5, cp. Rev. 20:13; (h) the way of access to God through the Lord Jesus Christ, Heb. 10:20; (i) the manifestation of Divine power in support of Divine authority, 2 Cor. 13:4; cp. 2 Cor. 12:10; 1 Cor. 5:5; (j) bread, figurative of the Lord Jesus, John 6:51; (k) a stone, figurative of the Lord Jesus, 1 Pet. 2:4; (l) water, figurative of the Holy Spirit, John 4:10; 7:38; (m) a sacrifice, figurative of the believer, Rom. 12:1; (n) stones, figurative of the believer, 1 Pet. 2:5; (o) the oracles, logion, Acts 7:38, and word, logos, Heb. 4:12; 1 Pet. 1:23, of God; (p) the physical life of men, 1 Thess. 4:15; Matt. 27:63; Acts 25:24; Rom. 14:9; Phil. 1:21 (in the infinitive mood used as a noun, with the article, 'living'),22; 1 Pet. 4:5; (q) the maintenance of physical life, Matt. 4:4; 1 Cor. 9:14; (r) the duration of physical life, Heb. 2:15; (s) the enjoyment of physical life, 1 Thess. 3:8; (t) the recovery of physical life from the power of disease, Mark 5:23; John 4:50; (u) the recovery of physical life from the power of death, Matt. 9:18; Acts 9:41; Rev. 20:5; (v) the course, conduct, and character of men, (1) good, Acts 26:5; 2 Tim. 3:12; Titus 2:12; (2) evil, Luke 15:13; Rom. 6:2; 8:13; 2 Cor. 5:15; Col. 3:7; (3) undefined, Rom. 7:9; 14:7; Gal. 2:14; (w) restoration after alienation, Luke 15:32.

"Note: In 1 Thess. 5:10, to live means to experience that change, 1 Cor. 15:51, which is to be the portion of all in Christ who will be alive upon the earth at the Parousia of the Lord Jesus, cp. John 11:25, and which corresponds to the resurrection of those who had previously died in Christ, 1 Cor. 15:52-54.

<2,,4800,sunzao>
"to live together with" (sun, "with," and zao, "to live"), may be included with zao in the above analysis as follows: (g) Rom. 6:8; 2 Tim. 2:11; (s), 2 Cor. 7:3.

<3,,326,anazao>
ana, "again," and zao, denotes "to live again," "to revive," Luke 15:24; cp. (w) in list above, and Rom. 7:9, to manifest activity again." * [* From Notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 173,174.]

Note: Zao is translated "quick" (i.e., "living") in Acts 10:42; 2 Tim. 4:1; 1 Pet. 4:5; in Heb. 4:12, AV (RV "living").

<4,,980,bioo>
"to spend life, to pass one's life," is used in 1 Pet. 4:2.

<5,,390,anastrepho>
used metaphorically, in the Middle Voice, "to conduct oneself, behave, live," is translated "to live," in Heb. 13:18 ("honestly"); in 2 Pet. 2:18 ("in error"). See ABIDE, BEHAVE, etc.

<6,,2225,zoogoneo>
denotes "to preserve alive" (from zoos, "alive," and ginomai, "to come to be, become, be made"); in Luke 17:33, "shall preserve (it)," i.e., his life, RV marg., "save (it) alive;" cp. the parallels sozo, "to save," in Matt. 16:25, and phulasso, "to keep," in John 12:25; in Acts 7:19, "live," negatively of the efforts of Pharaoh to destroy the babes in Israel; in 1 Tim. 6:13, according to the best mss. (some have zoopoieo, "to cause to live"), "quickeneth" (RV, marg., "preserveth ... alive," the preferable rendering). See PRESERVE, QUICKEN.

<7,,1236,diago>
is used of time in the sense of passing a life, 1 Tim. 2:2, "(that) we may lead (a tranquil and quiet, RV) life;" Tit. 3:3, "living (in malice and envy)."

<8,,4176,politeuo>
"to be a citizen (polites), to live as a citizen," is used metaphorically of conduct as in accordance with the characteristics of the heavenly community; in Acts 23:1, "I have lived;" in Phil. 1:27, "let your manner of life (AV, conversation) be." See CITIZENSHIP, No. 4, Note.

<9,,5225,huparcho>
"to be in existence, to be," is translated "live (delicately)" in Luke 7:25. See BEING.

Note: In 1 Cor. 9:13, AV, esthio, "to eat," is translated "live of." In Tim. 5:6 the AV renders spatalao "liveth in pleasure."

Live long <1,,3118,makrochronios>
an adjective denoting "of long duration, long-lived" (makros, "long," chronos, "time"), is used in Eph. 6:3, "(that thou mayest) live long," lit., "(that thou mayest be) long-lived." In the Sept., Ex. 20:12; Deut. 4:40; 5:16; 17:20.

Lively * Note: This is the AV translation of the present participle of the verb; zao, "to live," in three passages, in each of which the RV has "living," Acts 7:38; 1 Pet. 1:3; 2:5.

Living * For LIVING see BEHAVIOR, B, No. 1, LIFE, Nos. 2, 6, and LIVE, No. 3, Note

Living creatures * For LIVING CREATURES see BEAST

Lo! <1,,2396,ide>
an aorist or point tense, marking a definite point of time, of the imperative mood of eidon, "to see" (taken as part of horao, "to see"), is used as an interjection, addressed either to one or many persons, e.g., Matt. 25:20,22,25; John 1:29,36,47; Gal. 5:2, the only occurrence outside Matthew, Mark and John. See BEHOLD, SEE.

<2,,2400,idou>
a similar tense of No. 1, but in the Middle Voice, e.g., Matt. 1:20,23; very frequent in the Synoptists and Acts and the Apocalypse.

Loaf * For LOAF see BREAD

Locust <1,,200,akris>
occurs in Matt. 3:4; Mark 1:6, of the animals themselves, as forming part of the diet of John the Baptist; they are used as food; the Arabs stew them with butter, after removing the head, legs and wings. In Rev. 9:3,7, they appear as monsters representing satanic agencies, let loose by Divine judgments inflicted upon men for five months, the time of the natural life of the "locust." For the character of the judgment see the whole passage.

Lodge, Lodging <A-1,Verb,835,aulizomai>
properly, "to lodge in a courtyard" (aule, See COURT, No. 2), then, "to lodge in the open," denotes, in the NT, "to pass the night, to lodge anywhere," Matt. 21:17; Luke 21:37, RV, "lodged" (AV, "abode"). See the metaphorical use in the Sept. and the Heb. of Ps. 30:5, "(weeping) may come in to lodge (at even)," i.e., as a passing stranger. See ABIDE.

<A-2,Verb,2681,kataskenoo>
"to pitch one's tent" (kata, "down," skene, "a tent"), is rendered "to lodge," of birds, in Matt. 13:32; Mark 4:32; Luke 13:19. In Acts 2:26, it is used of the body of the Lord in the tomb, as dwelling in hope, RV, "shall dwell" (marg., "tabernacle"), AV, "shall rest." See DWELL, REST. Cp. kataskenosis, "a roosting place."

<A-3,Verb,2647,kataluo>
in one of its meanings, signifies "to unloose" (kata, "down," luo, "to loose"), "unyoke," as of horses, etc., hence intransitively, "to take up one's quarters, to lodge," Luke 9:12; 19:7, RV, "to lodge" (AV, "to be a guest"). See COME, Note (7) (come to nought), DESTROY, DISSOLVE, OVERTHROW, THROW. Cp. kataluma, "a guest chamber, inn."

<A-4,Verb,3579,xenizo>
"to receive as a guest" (xenos, "a guest, stranger"), "to entertain, lodge," is used in the Active Voice in Acts 10:23; 28:7, RV, "entertained" (AV, "lodged"); Heb. 13:2, "have entertained;" in the Passive Voice, Acts 10:6 (lit., "he is entertained"), 18,32; 21:16. Its other meaning, "to think strange," is found in 1 Pet. 4:4,12. See ENTERTAIN, STRANGE.

<B-1,Noun,3578,xenia>
akin to A, No. 4, denotes (a) "hospitality, entertainment," Philem. 1:22; (b) by metonymy, "a place of entertainment, a lodging-place," Acts 28:23 (some put Philem. 1:22 under this section).

Loft * For LOFT, Acts 20:9, see STORY

Loins <1,,3751,osphus>
is used (a) in the natural sense in Matt. 3:4; Mark 1:6; (b) as "the seat of generative power," Heb. 7:5,10; metaphorically in Acts 2:30; (c) metaphorically, (1) of girding the "loins" in readiness for active service for the Lord, Luke 12:35; (2) the same, with truth, Eph. 6:14, i.e., bracing up oneself so as to maintain perfect sincerity and reality as the counteractive in Christian character against hypocrisy and falsehood; (3) of girding the "loins" of the mind, 1 Pet. 1:13, RV, "girding," suggestive of the alertness necessary for sobriety and for setting one's hope perfectly on "the grace to be brought ... at the revelation of Jesus Christ" (the present participle, "girding," is introductory to the rest of the verse).

Long (Adjective and Adverb) <A-1,Adjective,3117,makros>
is used of "long prayers" (Matt. 23:14, in some mss.), Mark 12:40; Luke 20:47. It denotes "far" in Luke 15:13; 19:12. See FAR.

<A-2,Adjective,2425,hikanos>
"sufficient, much, long," is used with chronos, "time," in Luke 8:27; in Luke 20:9; 23:8 (AV, "season") the plural is used, lit., "long times;" Acts 8:11; 14:3. See ABLE (ABILITY), C, No. 2, MANY, MUCH.

<A-3,Adjective,4183,polus>
"much," is used with chronos, "time," in Matt. 25:19; John 5:6; in Acts 27:21, with asitia, AV, "long abstinence," RV, "long without food." See COMMON, Note (1).

<A-4,Adjective,5118,tosoutos>
"so long," is used with chronos in John 14:9; Heb. 4:7.

<A-5,Adjective,4214,posos>
"how much," is used with chronos, in Mark 9:21, "how long time," RV (AV, "how long ago").

<A-6,Adjective,3745,hosos>
"how much, so much," is used after the preposition epi (eph'), and as an adjective qualifying chronos, signifying "for so long time," in Rom. 7:1; 1 Cor. 7:39; Gal. 4:1; see also B, No. 4.

Notes: (1) In Acts 14:28, AV, the adjective oligos, "little," with the negative ou, "not," and qualifying chronos, is rendered "long time;" RV, "no little (time)." (2) For the comparative adjective, pleion, see LONGER, B.

<B-1,Adverb,4183,polus>
in one or other of its neuter forms, singular or plural, is used (a) of degree, "greatly, much, many," e.g., Mark 1:45; (b) of time, e.g., Acts 27:14. Cp. A, No. 3. See GREAT, MUCH, OFT, SORE, STRAITLY, WHILE.

<B-2,Adverb,1909 2425,eph' hikanon> lit., "unto much (time)," is rendered "a long while" in Acts 20:11. Cp. A, No. 2.

<B-3,Adverb,2193 4219,heos pote> lit., "until when?" signifies "how long?" Matt. 17:17 (twice); Mark 9:19 (twice); Luke 9:41; John 10:24; Rev. 6:10. eph' hoson signifies "so long as, as long as" (epi, "upon," hosos, "how much"), Matt. 9:15; Mark 2:19; 2 Pet. 1:13. See INASMUCH, No. 2.

Notes: (1) For the adverb LONGER, see below. (2) In 2 Pet. 2:3, AV, the adverb ekpalai, "from of old," RV (ek, "from," palai, "of old, formerly"), is translated "of a long time."

Long (Verb), Long (after, for), Longing <A-1,Verb,1971,epipotheo>
"to long for greatly" (a strengthened form of potheo, "to long for," not found in the NT), is translated "I long," in Rom. 1:11; in 2 Cor. 5:2, RV, "longing" (AV, "earnestly desiring"); in 1 Thess. 3:6; 2 Tim. 1:4, RV, "longing" (AV, "desiring greatly"); to long after, in 2 Cor. 9:14; Phil. 1:8; 2:26; to long for, in 1 Pet. 2:2, RV (AV, "desire"); Jas. 4:5, RV, "long." See DESIRE.

<B-1,Adjective,1973,epipothetos>
akin to A, and an intensive form of pothetos, "desired, greatly desired," "longed for," is used in Phil. 4:1.

<C-1,Noun,1974,epipothia>
"a longing" (akin to A and B), is found in Rom. 15:23, RV, "longing" (AV, "great desire"). See DESIRE.

<C-2,Noun,1972,epipothesis>
"a longing" (perhaps stressing the process more than No. 1), is found in 2 Cor. 7:7, RV, "longing" (AV, "earnest desire"); 2 Cor. 7:11, RV, "longing" (AV, "vehement desire").

Longer <A-1,Adverb,2089,eti>
"yet, as yet, still," is translated "longer" in Luke 16:2 (with separate negative); "any longer" in Rom. 6:2. See ALSO, EVEN, FURTHER, MORE, MOREOVER, STILL, THENCEFORTH, YET.

<A-2,Adverb,3765,ouketi>
"no more, no longer" (ou, "not," k, euphonic, and No. 1), is rendered "no longer" in the RV of Mark 7:12 (AV, "no more"); John 15:15, RV (AV, "henceforth not"); Rom. 14:15, RV (AV, "now ... not"); Gal. 2:20, RV (AV, "yet not"); Gal. 3:25; 4:7 (AV, "no more"); Philem. 1:16 (AV, "not now"). See HENCEFORTH, MORE, NOW, YET.

<A-3,Adverb,3371,meketi>
also means "no more, no longer," but generally suggests what is a matter of thought or supposition, whereas No. 1 refers to what is a matter of fact. It is rendered "any longer" in Acts 25:24; "no longer," in Mark 2:2, RV, "no longer (room)," AV, "no (room);" 2 Cor. 5:15, RV (AV, "not hence-forth"); Eph. 4:14, RV (AV, "no more"); Eph. 4:17, RV (AV, "henceforth ... not"); 1 Thess. 3:1,5; 1 Tim. 5:23; 1 Pet. 4:2. See (negatively) HENCEFORTH, HENCEFORWARD, HEREAFTER, NO MORE.

<A-4,Adverb,4119,pleion>
the neuter of pleion, "more," the comparative degree of polu, "much," is rendered "longer" in Acts 20:9, RV (AV "long").

<B-1,Adjective,4119,pleion>
"more," (cp. A, No. 4), is used with chronos, "time," in Acts 18:20, "a longer time," RV (AV, "longer").