Threw * For THREW see THROW

Thrice <1,,5151,tris>
occurs in Matt. 26:34,75 and parallel passages; in Acts 10:16; 11:10, preceded by epi, "up to;" 2 Cor. 11:25 (twice); 12:8.

Throat (Noun), to take by the (Verb) <A-1,Noun,2995,larunx>
"a throat" (Eng., "larynx"), is used metaphorically of "speech" in Rom. 3:13.

<B-1,Verb,4155,pnigo>
"to choke," is rendered "took ... by the throat" in Matt. 18:28. See CHOKE, No. 1.

Throne <1,,2362,thronos>
"a throne, a seat of authority," is used of the "throne" (a) of God, e.g., Heb. 4:16, "the throne of grace," i.e., from which grace proceeds; Heb. 8:1; 12:2; Rev. 1:4; 3:21 (2nd part); 4:2 (twice); 5:1; frequently in Rev.; in Rev. 20:12, in the best texts, "the throne" (some have Theos, "God," AV); cp. Rev. 21:3; Matt. 5:34; 23:22; Acts 7:49; (b) of Christ, e.g. Heb. 1:8; Rev. 3:21 (1st part); 22:3; His seat of authority in the Millennium, Matt. 19:28 (1st part); (c) by metonymy for angelic powers, Col. 1:16; (d) of the Apostles in millennial authority, Matt. 19:28 (2nd part); Luke 22:30; (e) of the elders in the heavenly vision, Rev. 4:4 (2nd and 3rd parts), RV, "thrones" (AV, "seats"); so Rev. 11:16; (f) of David, Luke 1:32; Acts 2:30; (g) of Satan, Rev. 2:13, RV, "throne" (AV, "seat"); (h) of "the beast," the final and federal head of the revived Roman Empire, Rev. 13:2; 16:10.

<2,,968,bema>
for which see JUDGMENT-SEAT, is used of the throne or tribunal of Herod, Acts 12:21.

Throng (Verb) <1,,2346,thlibo>
"to press," is rendered "throng," Mark 3:9. See AFFLICT, No. 4.

<2,,4918,suntlibo>
"to press to together," on all sides (sun, "together," and No. 1), a strengthened form, is used in Mark 5:24,31.

<3,,4846,sumpnigo>
"to choke," is used of "thronging" by a crowd, Luke 8:42. See CHOKE, No. 3.

Note: For sunecho, "to hold together, press together," Luke 8:45 (AV, "throng"), see PRESS.

Through and Throughout * For THROUGH and THROUGHOUT see +, p. 9

Throughly * For THROUGHLY see THOROUGHLY

Throw <1,,906,ballo>
"to cast, to throw," is rendered "to throw" in Mark 12:42, AV (RV, "cast"); so Acts 22:23 (2nd part); "to throw down," Rev. 18:21 (2nd part), AV (RV, "cast down"). See CAST, No. 1.

<2,,4496,rhipto>
"to hurl, throw, throw off," is rendered "had thrown... down" in Luke 4:35, RV (AV, "had thrown"). See CAST, No. 2.

<3,,2630,katakremnizo>
"to throw over a precipice" (kremnos), "cast down headlong," is rendered "throw ... down" in Luke 4:29 (AV, "cast ... down headlong").

<4,,2647,kataluo>
lit., "to loosen down," is rendered "to throw down" (of the stones of the Temple) in Matt. 24:2 and parallel passages. See DESTROY, No. 5.

Thrust <1,,906,ballo>
for which cp. THROW, No. 1, is rendered "to thrust" in John 20:25,27, AV (RV, "put"); Acts 16:24, AV (RV, "cast"); so Rev. 14:16,19. See CAST, No. 1.

<2,,1544,ekballo>
"to cast out," is rendered "thrust ... out" in Luke 4:29, AV (RV, "cast ... forth"); so Luke 13:28; Acts 16:37. See CAST, No. 5.

<3,,638,apotheo>
"to thrust away," is used in the Middle Voice, "to thrust away from oneself," and translated "thrust away" in Acts 7:27,39; "thrust ... from," Acts 13:46, RV (AV, "put ... from"); "having thrust from them," 1 Tim. 1:19, RV (AV, "having put away"). See CAST, No. 13.

<4,,2700,katatoxeuo>
"to strike down with an arrow, shoot dead," occurs in Heb. 12:20 in some mss. (in a quotation from Ex. 19:13, Sept.).

Notes: (1) In Matt. 11:23; Luke 10:15 the best texts have katabaino, "to go down" (RV), instead of katabibazo, in the Passive Voice, "to be thrust down or brought down" (AV). (2) In Acts 27:39, AV, exotheo, "to drive out," is rendered "to thrust in," RV, "drive (the ship) upon (it [i.e., the beach])." (3) In Rev. 14:15,18, AV, pempo, to send (RV, "send forth"), is translated "thrust in." (4) For Luke 5:3, AV, see LAUNCH, No. 2.

Thunder, Thundering <1,,1027,bronte>
in Mark 3:17 "sons of thunder" is the interpretation of Boanerges, the name applied by the Lord to James and John; their firey disposition is seen in Mark 9:38; Luke 9:54; perhaps in the case of James it led to his execution. The name and its interpretation have caused much difficulty; some suggest the meaning "the twins." It is however most probably the equivalent of the Aramaic bene regesh, "sons of tumult;" the latter of the two words was no doubt used of "thunder" in Palestinian Aramaic; hence the meaning "the sons of thunder;" the cognate Hebrew word ragash, "to rage," is used in Ps. 2:1 and there only. In John 12:29 bronte is used with ginomai, "to take place," and rendered "it had thundered;" lit., "there was thunder;" elsewhere, Rev. 4:5; 6:1; 8:5; 10:3,4; 11:19; 14:2; 16:18; 19:6.

Thus <1,,3779,houtos or houto> "in this way, so, thus," is used (a) with reference to what precedes, e.g., Luke 1:25; 2:48; (b) with reference to what follows, e.g., Luke 19:31, rendered "on this wise," in Matt. 1:18; John 21:1, and before quotations, Acts 7:6; 13:34; Rom. 10:6, AV (RV, "thus"); Heb. 4:4; (c) marking intensity, rendered "so," e.g., Gal. 1:6; Heb. 2:21; Rev. 16:18; (d) in comparisons, rendered "so," e.g., Luke 11:30; Rom. 5:15. See FASHION, B, LIKEWISE, Note (1), MANNER, C, No. 2, So, Note (1).

Note (1) Touto, the neuter of houtos, "this," is transalted "thus" in 2 Cor. 1:17; 5:14; Phil. 3:15; the neuter plural, tauta, "these things," e.g., in Luke 18:11; 19:28; John 9:6; 11:43; 13:21; 20:14; Acts 19:41. (2) Tade, these things (the neuter plural of hode, "this"), is translated "thus" in Acts 21:11. (3) In Luke 17:30, AV, kata tauta, lit., "according to these things," is rendered "thus" (RV, "after the same manner," follows the reading kata ta auta, lit., "according to the same things").

Thy, Thine, Thine own, Thyself * Note: These are translations of (1) the possessive pronoun sos, and its inflections, e.g., Matt. 7:3 (1st part); it is used as a noun with the article, in the phrases to son, "that which is thine," Matt. 20:14; 25:25, "thine own;" hoi soi, "thy friends," Mark 5:19; ta sa, "thy goods," Luke 6:30, lit., "the thine;" (2) one of the oblique cases of su, "thou;" sou, "of thee," e.g., Matt. 1:20; 7:3 (2nd part), "thine own;" soi, "to thee," e.g., Mark 5:9; with meno, "to remain," Acts 5:4 (1st part), "thine own," lit., "remain to thee;" in Matt. 26:18, pros se, "at they house," lit., "with thee;" (3) seauton, "(as) thyself," Rom. 13:9; seautou, "of thyself," e.g., Matt. 4:6; seauto, "to thyself," Acts 16:28; (4) heautou (with apo, "from"), John 18:34, "of thyself," lit., "from thyself;" (5) autos, "self," is sometimes used for "thyself," e.g., Luke 6:42.

Thyine (wood) <1,,2367,thuinos>
is akin to thuia, or thua, an African aromatic and coniferous tree; in Rev. 18:12 it describes a wood which formed part of the merchandise of Babylon; it was valued by Greeks and Romans for tables, being hard, durable and fragrant (AV marg., "sweet").

Tidings <A-1,Noun,5334,phasis>
akin to phemi, "to speak," denotes "information," especially against fraud or other delinquency, and is rendered "tidings" in Acts 21:31.

Note: In Acts 11:22, AV, logos, "a word, a report" (RV), is rendered "tidings."

<B-1,Verb,2097,euangelizo>
is used of any message designed to cheer those who receive it; it is rendered "to bring, declare, preach," or "show good or glad tidings," e.g., Luke 1:19; 2:10; 3:18, RV; 4:43, RV; 7:22, RV; 8:1; Acts 8:12; 10:36, RV; 14:15, RV; in 1 Thess. 3:6, "brought us glad (AV, good) tidings;" in Heb. 4:2, RV, "we have had good tidings preached;" similarly, Heb. 4:6; in 1 Pet. 1:25 rhema, "a word," is coupled with this verb, "the word of good tidings which was preached," RV (AV, "the word which by the gospel is preached"). See PREACH, A, No. 1.

<B-2,Verb,312,anangello>
"to announce, declare," is rendered "(no) tidings ... came," in Rom. 15:21, RV, AV, "was (not) spoken of." See TELL.

Tie <1,,1210,deo>
"to bind," is rendered "to tie" in Matt. 21:2; Mark 11:2,4; Luke 19:30. See BIND.

<2,,4385,proteino>
"to stretch out or forth," is used of preparations for scourging, Acts 22:25, RV, "had tied (him) up" (AV, "bound").

Tiles, Tiling <1,,2766,keramos>
"potter's clay," or "an earthen vessel," denotes in the plural "tiles" in Luke 5:19, RV, AV, "tiling." In the Sept., 2 Sam. 17:28.

Till (Conjunction) * For TILL (Conjunction) see +, p. 9

Till (Verb) <1,,1090,georgeo>
"to till the ground," is used in the Passive Voice in Heb. 6:7, RV, "it is tilled" (AV, "... dressed"). Moulton and Milligan point out that, agriculture being the principal industry in Egypt, this word and its cognates (georgion, see HUSBANDRY, and georgos, see HUSBANDMAN) are very common in the papyri with reference to the cultivation of private allotments and the crown lands.

Time <A-1,Noun,5550,chronos>
denotes "a space of time," whether short, e.g., Matt. 2:7; Luke 4:5, or long, e.g., Luke 8:27; 20:9; or a succession of "times," shorter, e.g., Acts 20:18, or longer, e.g., Rom. 16:25, RV, "times eternal;" or duration of "time," e.g., Mark 2:19, 2nd part, RV, "while" (AV, "as long as"), lit., "for whatever time." For a fuller treatment see SEASON, A, No. 2.

<A-2,Noun,2540,kairos>
primarily "due measure, due proportion," when used of "time," signified "a fixed or definite period, a season," sometimes an opportune or seasonable "time," e.g., Rom. 5:6, RV, "season;" Gal. 6:10, "opportunity." In Mark 10:30; Luke 18:30, "this time" (kairos), i.e., "in this lifetime," is contrasted with "the coming age." In 1 Thess. 5:1, "the times and the seasons," "times" (chronos) refers to the duration of the interval previous to the Parousia of Christ and the length of "time" it will occupy (see COMING, No. 3), as well as other periods; "seasons" refers to the characteristics of these periods. See SEASON, A, No. 1, and the contrasts between chronos and kairos under SEASON, A, No. 2.

<A-3,Noun,5610,hora>
primarily, "any time or period fixed by nature," is translated "time" in Matt. 14:15; Luke 14:17; Rom. 13:11, "high time;" in the following the RV renders it "hour," for AV, "time," Matt. 18:1; Luke 1:10; John 16:2,4,25; 1 John 2:18 (twice); Rev. 14:15; in Mark 6:35, RV, "day;" in 1 Thess. 2:17, RV, "a short (season)," lit., "(the season, AV, 'time') of an hour." See HOUR.

<B-1,Adverb,4455,popote>
"ever yet," is rendered "at any time" in John 1:18; 5:37; 1 John 4:12. For Luke 15:29 see Note (14) below. See NEVER.

<B-2,Adverb,2235,ede>
"already, now," is translated "by this time" in John 11:39. See ALREADY.

<B-3,Adverb,3819,palai>
"long ago, of old," is rendered "of old time" in Heb. 1:1 (AV, "in time past"). See OLD.

Notes: (1) In Luke 9:51; Acts 8:1, AV, hemera, "a day," is translated "time," in the former, plural, RV, "the days;" in Luke 23:7 (plural), RV "(in these) days," AV, "(at that) time." (2) In 1 Tim. 6:19 the phrase eis to mellon, lit., "unto the about-to-be," i.e., "for the impending (time)," is rendered "against the time to come." (3) In 1 Cor. 16:12, AV, nun, "now" (RV), is rendered "at this time;" in Acts 24:25, the phrase to nun echon, lit., "the now having," is rendered "at this time" (the verb is adjectival); the phrase is more expressive than the simple "now." Cp. heos tou nun, "until now," Matt. 24:21; Mark 13:19, RV, AV, "unto (this time)." (4) For polumeros, strangely rendered "at sundry times," in Heb. 1:1, AV, see PORTION, C. (5) For "long time," see LONG. (6) For "nothing ... at any time," see NOTHING, Note (3). (7) For proskairos, rendered "for a time" in Mark 4:17, AV, see SEASON, WHILE. (8) In Matt., apo tote, "from that time," lit., "from then," occurs thrice, Matt. 4:17; 16:21; 26:16; in Luke 16:16, RV (AV, "since that time"); in John 6:66, AV, "from that time" translates ek toutou, lit., "from, or out of, this," RV, "upon this." (9) In Luke 4:27, the preposition epi signifies "in the time of." (10) For genea, rendered "times" in Acts 14:16, "time" in Acts 15:21, see AGE, No. 2 (RV, "generations"). (11) For "at every time," 2 Pet. 1:15, RV, see ALWAYS, No. 2. (12) For "in time of need," Heb. 4:16, see CONVENIENT, and NEED, C, Note. (13) In Heb. 2:1, pote signifies "at any time;" in 1 Pet. 3:5, "in the old time;" in 2 Pet. 1:21, "in old time." See PAST. In the following where the AV has "sometimes" the RV has "once" in Eph. 2:13; 5:8; "aforetime" in Titus 3:3. (14) In Luke 15:29, AV, oudepote, "never," is rendered "neither ... at any time" (RV, "never"). (15) For eukaireo, "to spend time," Acts 17:21, see SPEND, No. 10. (16) For chronotribeo, "to spend time," see SPEND, No. 11. (17) For prolego, rendered "told ... in time past," in Gal. 5:21, AV, see FOREWARN. (18) In Luke 12:1, "in the mean time" is a rendering of the phrase en hois, lit., "in which (things or circumstances)." (19) In Rev. 5:11 there is no word representing "times:" see THOUSAND, Note (2). (20) In Gal. 4:2 prothesmios (in its feminine form, with hemera, "day," understood) is rendered "time appointed" (see APPOINT, No. 3 and Note, TERM).

Tinkling * For TINKLING see CLANGING

Tip <1,,206,akron>
"the top, an extremity," is translated "tip" in Luke 16:24. See END, C, Note (6), TOP.

Tithes (Noun) * For TITHES (Noun) see TENTH, No. 2

Tithe (Verb) <1,,1183,dekatoo>
from dekatos, "tenth," in the Active Voice denotes "to take tithes of," Heb. 7:6, RV, "hath taken (AV, received) tithes;" in the Passive, "to pay tithes," Heb. 7:9, RV, "hath paid (AV, 'payed') tithes." In the Sept., Neh. 10:37.

<2,,586,apodekatoo>
denotes (a) "to tithe" (apo, "from," dekatos, "tenth"), Matt. 23:23 (AV, "pay tithe of"); Luke 11:42; in Luke 18:12 (where the best texts have the alternative form apodekateuo), "I give tithes;" (b) "to exact tithes" from Heb. 7:5.

<3,,586,apodekateuo>
"to give tithes," in Luke 18:12 (some texts have No. 2).

Note: Heb. 7:4-9 shows the superiority of the Melchizedek priesthood to the Levitical, in that (1) Abraham, the ancestor of the Levites, paid "tithes" to Melchizedek (Gen. 14:20); (2) Melchizedek, whose genealogy is outside that of the Levites, took "tithes" of Abraham, the recipient himself of the Divine promises; (3) whereas death is the natural lot of those who receive "tithes," the death of Melchizedek is not recorded; (4) the Levites who received "tithes" virtually paid them through Abraham to Melchizedek.

Title <1,,5102,titlos>
from Latin titulus, is used of the inscription above the Cross of Christ, John 19:19,20. See SUPERSCRIPTION.

<2,,2762,keraia | kerea> "a little horn" (keras, "a horn"), was used to denote the small stroke distinguishing one Hebrew letter from another. The rabbis attached great importance to these; hence the significance of the Lord's statements in Matt. 5:18; Luke 16:17, charging the Pharisees with hypocrisy, because, while professing the most scrupulous reverence to the Law, they violated its spirit. Grammarians used the word to denote the accents in Greek words.

To * For TO see +, p. 9

Today, this day <1,,4594,semeron>
an adverb (the Attic form is temeron), akin to hemera, a day, with the prefix t originally representing a pronoun. It is used frequently in Matthew, Luke and Acts; in the last it is always rendered "this day;" also in Heb. 1:5, and the RV of Heb. 5:5 (AV, "to day") in the same quotation; "today" in Heb. 3:7,13,15; 4:7 (twice); 13:8; also Jas. 4:13.

The clause containing semeron is sometimes introduced by the conjunction hoti, "that," e.g., Mark 14:30; Luke 4:21; 19:9; sometimes without the conjunction, e.g., Luke 22:34; 23:43, where "today" is to be attached to the next statement, "shalt thou be with Me;" there are no grammatical reasons for the insistence that the connection must be with the statement "Verily I say unto thee," nor is such an idea necessitated by examples from either the Sept. or the NT; the connection given in the AV and RV is right.

In Rom. 11:8; 2 Cor. 3:14,15, the lit. rendering is "unto the today day," the emphasis being brought out by the RV, "unto (until) this very day."

In Heb. 4:7, the "today" of Ps. 95:7 is evidently designed to extend to the present period of the Christian faith.

Together <1,,3674,homou>
used in connection with place, in John 21:2; Acts 2:1 (in the best texts), RV, "together" (AV, "with one accord," translating the inferior reading homothumadon: see ACCORD, A), is used without the idea of place in John 4:36; 20:4.

<2,,260,hama>
"at once," is translated "together" in Rom. 3:12; 1 Thess. 4:17; 5:10. See EARLY, Note, WITHAL.

Notes: (1) For pamplethei, Luke 23:18, RV, see ONCE, Note. (2) In 1 Thess. 5:11, AV, allelous, "one another" (RV), is rendered "yourselves together;" in Luke 23:12, AV, meta allelon, lit., "with one another," is rendered "together" (RV, "with each other"); so in Luke 24:14, AV, pros allelous, RV, "with each other." (3) In the following, "together" translates the phrase epi to auto, lit., "to (upon, or for) the same," Matt. 22:34; Luke 17:35; Acts 1:15; 2:44 (Acts 3:1, in some texts); 4:26; 1 Cor. 7:5; 14:23, RV: see PLACE, A, Note (7). (4) In Acts 14:1, it translates kata to auto, "at the same;" it may mean "in the same way" (i.e., as they had entered the synagogue at Pisidian Antioch). (5) In many cases "together" forms part of another word.

Toil (Verb and Noun) <A-1,Verb,2872,kopiao>
"to be weary, to labor," is rendered "to toil" in Matt. 6:28; Luke 5:5 (Luke 12:27, in some mss.); in 1 Cor. 4:12, RV (AV, "we labor"). See LABOR.

<A-2,Verb,928,basanizo>
primarily, "to rub on the touchstone, to put to the test," then, "to examine by torture" (basanos, "touchstone, torment"), hence denotes "to torture, torment, distress;" in the Passive Voice it is rendered "toiling" in Mark 6:48, AV (RV, "distressed"). See PAIN, TORMENT, VEX.

<B-1,Noun,2873,kopos>
"labor, trouble," is rendered "toil" in Rev. 2:2, RV (AV, "labor"). See LABOR.

Token <1,,4592,semeion>
"a sign, token or indication," is translated "token" in 2 Thess. 3:17, of writing of the closing salutations, the Apostle using the pen himself instead of his amanuensis, his autograph attesting the authenticity of his Epistles. See MIRACLE, SIGN.

<2,,4953,sussemon>
"a fixed sign or signal, agreed upon with others" (sun, "with"), is used in Mark 14:44, "a token." In the Sept., Judg. 20:38,40; Isa. 5:26; 49:22; 62:10.

<3,,1730,endeigma>
"a plain token, a proof" (akin to endeiknumi, "to point out, prove") is used in 2 Thess. 1:5 "a manifest token," said of the patient endurance and faith of the persecuted saints at Thessalonica, affording proof to themselves of their new life, and a guarantee of the vindication by God of both Himself and them (see No. 4, Note).

<4,,1732,endeixis>
"a pointing out, showing forth," is rendered "evident token" in Phil. 1:28. See DECLARE, B, PROOF. Cp. apodeixis, 1 Cor. 2:4.

Note: No. 4 refers to the act or process of proving, No. 3 to the thing proved. While the two passges, Phil. 1:28 and 2 Thess. 1:5, contain similar ideas, endeigma indicates the "token" as acknowledged by those referred to; endeixis points more especially to the inherent veracity of the "token."

Tolerable <1,,414,anektos>
(akin to anecho, in the Middle Voice, "to endure," see ENDURE, No. 5) is used in its comparative form, anektoteros, in Matt. 10:15; 11:22,24; Luke 10:12,14; some texts have it in Mark 6:11.

Toll * For TOLL see CUSTOM (Toll)

Tomb <1,,3419,mnemeion>
is almost invariably rendered "tomb" or "tombs" in the RV, never "grave," sometimes "sepulchre;" in the AV, "tomb" in Matt. 8:28; 27:60; Mark 5:2; 6:29. See GRAVE No. 1, SEPULCHRE.

<2,,3418,mnema>
rendered "tombs" in Mark 5:3,5; Luke 8:27: see GRAVE, No. 2, SEPULCHRE.

<3,,5028,taphos>
akin to thapto, "to bury," is translated "tombs" in Matt. 23:29; elsewhere "sepulchre." See SEPULCHRE.

Tomorrow <1,,839,aurion>
is used either without the article, e.g., Matt. 6:30; 1 Cor. 15:32; Jas. 4:13; or with the article in the feminine form, to agree with hemera, "day," e.g., Matt. 6:34; Acts 4:3, RV, "the morrow" (AV, "next day"); Jas. 4:14; preceded by epi, "on," e.g., Luke 10:35; Acts 4:5.

Tongue (-s) <A-1,Noun,1100,glossa>
is used of (1) the "tongues ... like as of fire" which appeared at Pentecost; (2) "the tongue," as an organ of speech, e.g., Mark 7:33; Rom. 3:13; 14:11; 1 Cor. 14:9; Phil. 2:11; Jas. 1:26; 3:5,6,8; 1 Pet. 3:10; 1 John 3:18; Rev. 16:10; (3) (a) "a language," coupled with phule, "a tribe," laos, "a people," ethnos, "a nation," seven times in the Apocalypse, Rev. 5:9; 7:9; 10:11; 11:9; 13:7; 14:6; 17:15; (b) "the supernatural gift of speaking in another language without its having been learnt;" in Acts 2:4-13 the circumstances are recorded from the viewpoint of the hearers; to those in whose language the utterances were made it appeared as a supernatural phenomenon; to others, the stammering of drunkards; what was uttered was not addressed primarily to the audience but consisted in recounting "the mighty works of God;" cp. Acts 2:46; in 1 Cor., chapters 12 and 14, the use of the gift of "tongues" is mentioned as exercised in the gatherings of local churches; 1 Cor. 12:10 speaks of the gift in general terms, and couples with it that of "the interpretation of tongues;" chapt. 14 gives instruction concerning the use of the gift, the paramount object being the edification of the church; unless the "tongue" was interpreted the speaker would speak "not unto men, but unto God," 1 Cor. 14:2; he would edify himself alone, 1 Cor. 14:4, unless he interpreted, 1 Cor. 14:5, in which case his interpretation would be of the same value as the superior gift of prophesying, as he would edify the church, 1 Cor. 14:4-6; he must pray that he may interpret, 1 Cor. 14:13; if there were no interpreter, he must keep silence, 1 Cor. 14:28, for all things were to be done "unto edifying," 1 Cor. 14:26. "If I come ... speaking with tongues, what shall I profit you," says the Apostle (expressing the great object in all oral ministry), "unless I speak to you either by way of revelation, or of knowledge, or of prophesying, or of teaching?" (1 Cor 14:6). "Tongues" were for a sign, not to believers, but to unbelievers, 1 Cor. 14:22, and especially to unbelieving Jews (see 1 Cor. 14:21): cp. the passages in the Acts.

There is no evidence of the continuance of this gift after apostolic times nor indeed in the later times of the Apostles themselves; this provides confirmation of the fulfillment in this way of 1 Cor. 13:8, that this gift would cease in the churches, just as would "prophecies" and "knowledge" in the sense of knowledge received by immediate supernatural power (cp. 1 Cor. 14:6). The completion of the Holy Scriptures has provided the churches with all that is necessary for individual and collective guidance, instruction, and edification.

<A-2,Noun,1258,dialektos>
"language" (Eng., "dialect"), is rendered "tongue" in the AV of Acts 1:19; 2:6,8; 21:40; 22:2; 26:14. See LANGUAGE.

<B-1,Adjective,2804,heteroglossos>
is rendered "strange tongues" in 1 Cor. 14:21, RV (heteros, "another of a different sort," see ANOTHER, and A, No. 1), AV, "other tongues."

<C-1,Adverb,1447,hebraisti>
(or ebraisti, Westcott and Hort) denotes (a) "in Hebrew," Rev. 9:11, RV (AV, "in the Hebrew tongue"); so Rev. 16:16; (b) in the Aramaic vernacular of Palestine, John 5:2, AV, "in the Hebrew tongue" (RV, "in Hebrew"); in John 19:13,17, AV, "in the Hebrew" (RV, "in Hebrew"); in John 19:20, AV and RV, "in Hebrew;" in John 20:16, RV only, "in Hebrew (Rabboni)."

Note: Cp. Hellenisti, "in Greek," John 19:20, RV; Acts 21:37, "Greek." See also Rhomaisti, under LATIN.

Tooth, Teeth <1,,3599,odous>
is used in the sing. in Matt. 5:38 (twice); elsewhere in the plural, of "the gnashing of teeth," the gnashing being expressive of anguish and indignation, Matt. 8:12; 13:42,50; 22:13; 24:51; 25:30; Mark 9:18; Luke 13:28; Acts 7:54; in Rev. 9:8, of the beings seen in a vision and described as locusts.

Top <1,Noun,206,akron>
for which see TIP, is used of Jacob's staff, Heb. 11:21.

* Note: (Phrases) In Matt. 27:51; Mark 15:38, apo anothen, "from the top" (lit. "from above"), is used of the upper part of the Temple veil. In John 19:23, the different phrase ek ton anothen is used of the weaving of the Lord's garment (the chiton: see CLOTHING), lit., "from the parts above".

Topaz <1,,5116,topazion>
is mentioned in Rev. 21:20, as the ninth of the foundation stones of the wall of the heavenly Jerusalem; the stone is of a yellow color (though there are topazes of other colors) and is almost as hard as the diamond. It has the power of double refraction, and when heated or rubbed becomes electric. In the Sept., Ex. 28:17; 39:10; Job 28:19; Ps 119:127, "(gold and) topaz;" Ezek. 28:13.

Torch <1,,2985,lampas>
"a torch," is used in the plur. and translated "torches" in John 18:3; in Rev. 8:10, RV, "torch" (AV, "lamp"). See LAMP.

Torment (Noun and Verb) <A-1,Noun,929,basanismos>
akin to basanizo (see TOIL, No. 2), is used of Divine judgments in Rev. 9:5; 14:11; 18:7,10,15.

<A-2,Noun,931,basanos>
primarily "a touchstone," employed in testing metals, hence, "torment," is used (a) of physical diseases, Matt. 4:24: (b) of a condition of retribution in Hades Luke 16:23,28.

Note: In 1 John 4:18, AV, kolasis, "punishment" (RV), is rendered "torment." See PUNISHMENT, No. 3.

<B-1,Verb,928,basanizo>
for which see TOIL, No. 2, is translated "to torment," (a) of sickness, Matt. 8:6; (b) of the doom of evil spirits, Mark 5:7; Luke 8:28; (c) of retributive judgments upon impenitent mankind at the close of this age, Rev. 9:5; 11:10; (d) upon those who worship the Beast and his image and receive the mark of his name, Rev. 14:10; (e) of the doom of Satan and his agents, Rev. 20:10.

<B-2,Verb,2558,kakoucheo>
"to treat evilly," in the Passive Voice is translated "tormented" in Heb. 11:37, AV (RV, "evil entreated"). See SUFFER, No. 6.

<B-3,Verb,3600,odunao>
for which see ANGUISH, B, No. 3, in the Passive Voice is rendered "I am (thou art) tormented" in Luke 16:24,25, AV.

Tormentor <1,,930,basanistes>
properly, "a torturer" (akin to basanizo, see TORMENT, B), "one who elicits information by torture," is used of jailors, Matt. 18:34.

Torture (Verb) <1,,5178,tumpanizo>
primarily denotes "to beat a drum" (tumpanon, "a kettledrum," Eng., "tympanal," "tympanitis," "tympanum"), hence, "to torture by beating, to beat to death," Heb. 11:35. In the Sept., 1 Sam. 21:13, "(David) drummed (upon the doors of the city)." The tympanum as an instrument of "torture" seems to have been a wheel-shaped frame upon which criminals were stretched and beaten with clubs or thongs.

Toss <1,,4494,rhipizo>
primarily "to fan a fire" (rhipis, "a fan," cp. rhipe, "twinkling"), then, "to make a breeze," is used in the Passive Voice in Jas. 1:6, "tossed," of the raising of waves by the wind.

<2,,2831,kludonizomai>
signifies "to be tossed by billows" (kludon, "a billow"); metaphorically, in Eph. 4:14, of an unsettled condition of mind influenced and agitated by one false teaching and another, and characterized by that immaturity which lacks the firm conviction begotten by the truth. In the Sept., Isa. 57:20.

Note: For "being ... tossed," Acts 27:18, See LABOR, B, No. 2.

Touch (Verb) <1,,681,hapto>
primarily, "to fasten to," hence, of fire, "to kindle," denotes, in the Middle Voice (a) "to touch," e.g., Matt. 8:3,15; 9:20,21,29; (b) "to cling to, lay hold of," John 20:17; here the Lord's prohibition as to clinging to Him was indicative of the fact that communion with Him would, after His ascension, be by faith, through the Spirit; (c) "to have carnal intercourse with a woman," 1 Cor. 7:1; (d) "to have fellowship and association with unbelievers," 2 Cor. 6:17; (e) (negatively) "to adhere to certain Levitical and ceremonial ordinances," in order to avoid contracting external defilement, or to practice rigorous asceticism, all such abstentions being of "no value against the indulgence of the flesh," Col. 2:21, AV (RV, "handle"); (f) "to assault," in order to sever the vital union between Christ and the believer, said of the attack of the Evil One, 1 John 5:18. See HANDLE, No. 2, KINDLE, LIGHT.

<2,,2345,thingano>
"to touch," a lighter term than No. 1, though Heb. 11:28 approximates to it, in expressing the action of the Destroyer of the Egyptian firstborn; in Heb. 12:20 it signifies "to touch," and is not to be interpreted by Ps. 104:32, "He toucheth (No. 1 in the Sept.) the hills and they smoke;" in Col. 2:21, RV (AV, "handle"). See HANDLE, No. 2.

<3,,4379,prospsauo>
"to touch upon, to touch slightly," occurs in Luke 11:46.

<4,,5584,pselaphao>
"to feel, to handle," is rendered "that might be touched" in Heb. 12:18. See FEEL, No. 3. HANDLE, No. 1.

<5,,2609,katago>
"to bring down," is used of bringing a ship to land in Acts 27:3. See BRING No. 16.

<6,,4834,sumpatheo>
for which see COMPASSION, A, No. 3, is rendered "be touched with" in Heb. 4:15.

<7,,3846,paraballo>
for which see ARRIVE, No. 4, COMPARE, No. 2, is rendered "touched at" in Acts 20:15, RV.

Touching (Preposition) * For TOUCHING (Preposition) see +, p. 9

Toward * For TOWARD (Preposition), see +, p. 9

Towel <1,,3012,lention>
denotes "a linen cloth or towel" (Lat., linteum), as used by the Lord, John 13:4,5; it was commonly used by servants in a household.

Tower <1,,4444,purgos>
is used of "a watchtower in a vineyard," Matt. 21:33; Mark 12:1; probably, too, in Luke 14:28 (cp. Isa. 5:2); in Luke 13:4, of the "tower in Siloam," the modern Silwan, which is built on a steep escarpment of rock.

Town <1,,2969,komopolis>
denotes "a country town," Mark 1:38, "a large village" usually without walls.

<2,,2968,kome>
"a village," or "country town without walls." The RV always renders this "village" or "villages," AV, "town" or "towns," Matt. 10:11; Mark 8:23,26 (twice),27; Luke 5:17; 9:6,12; John 7:42; 11:1,30. See VILLAGE.

Town Clerk <1,,1122,grammateus>
"a writer, scribe," is used in Acts 19:35 of a state "clerk," an important official, variously designated, according to inscriptions found in Graeco-Asiatic cities. He was responsible for the form of decrees first approved by the Senate, then sent for approval in the popular assembly, in which he often presided. The decrees having been passed, he sealed them with the public seal in the presence of witnesses. Such an assembly frequently met in the theater. The Roman administration viewed any irregular or unruly assembly as a grave and even capital offense, as tending to strengthen among the people the consciousness of their power and the desire to exercise it. In the circumstances at Ephesus the town clerk feared that he might himself be held responsible for the irregular gathering. See SCRIBE.