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I put this list together as a student, so you will see some things in here that are quite simple. You will also see some words with *s/l* beside them. These are sound-alikes. I put them in the list, the way it sounded to me, then in the right column I entered the word the way it should be, or entered a possible alternative. There are prefixes, suffixes, drugs, abbreviations,etc. Some words have definitions, some do not. Please let me know if you run across any errors and I will correct them.
AB
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WX
YZ
| Word or Root | Definition |
| B | bilateral |
| b.I.d. | twice a day |
| Babcock clamp | most often used in urological surgery procedures |
| Babinski's sign or reflex | pathological response to stimulation of the plantar surface of the foot; a positive sign is indicated when the toes dorsiflex *curl upward*(ALSO COULD BE SAYING BRUDZINSKI SIGN) |
| bacilli | bacilli |
| bacter *s/l* | probably factor |
| bacteri- | bacteria |
| bacteria | Bacteria - single-celled organisms which cause infections; they are usually treated with antibiotics. |
| bacteria shapes | rod-form, spherical *cocci*, straight or curved rods, spiral |
| bacterial endocarditis | a bacterial inflammation that effects the endocardium or the heart valves |
| bacteriostatic water | |
| bacterium | plural for bacteria |
| bacteriuria | presence of bacteria in the urine |
| bahia grass | allergen |
| BAL | bronchoalveolar lavage |
| balan- | glans penis |
| balano- | glans penis |
| balantis | inflammation of the glans penis |
| balloon C | balloon cell |
| balottable | |
| ballottement | |
| balsons, balsoms *s/l* | bowel sounds |
| Bankart procedure | performed on the shoulder |
| barberry bark | herbal medicine |
| Bard-Parker | type of blade |
| barium coated cookie | |
| barium swallow | x-ray of the esophagus only; often used to located swallowed objects |
| barrel chest | the shape of the chest in some patients with COPD when air trapping causes overinflated lungs |
| Bartholin's glands | two glands located on either side of the vaginal opening that secrete a lubricant during intercourse |
| Bartter's syndrome | hereditary disorder *related to kidneys* |
| basal cell carcinoma | malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis *most common type* |
| basal layer | deepest region of epidermis |
| base | |
| base excess | |
| basic metabolic profile | |
| basilar rales | rales at the base of the skull |
| basketing, stone | |
| bat-ee-kee *s/l* | petechiae (minute hemorrhagic spots) |
| BATHE technique | type of examination that takes a 15 min appt = B*backround*, A*affect*, T*Trouble-problem most troubling*, H*How patient is handling problem*, E*Empathy-response that conveys empathy* |
| batlike | one word *not bat-like* |
| BCD | Board Certified Diplomate in Clinical Social Work |
| bearing | will have bearing on |
| Beaver | type of blade |
| becipital *s/l* | bicipital |
| beckert and push/pull *s/l* | Bechert nucleus rotator and Bechert-McPherson forceps as well as several brands names of push/pull instruments in Stedman's |
| Beclovent | |
| Beconase | |
| bee pollen | herbal medicine |
| Bell palsy | paralysis of facial muscles |
| benign | mild or noncancerous |
| benign | referring to a non-life-threatening or non-health-threatening condition |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia *BPH* | *BPH* enlargement of the prostate gland; frequently seen in older men, causing urinary obstruction |
| benign prostatic hypertrophy | *BPH* enlargement of the prostate gland; frequently seen in older men, causing urinary obstruction |
| Benzagel | for acne |
| bergamot herb | herbal medicine |
| beta blockers | agents that inhibit responses to sympathetic adrenergic nerve activity causing a slowing of electrical conduction and heart rate and a lowering of the pressure within the walls of the vessels; used to treat angina pectoris and hypertension |
| beta hcG | pregnancy test |
| beta1 transferrin peak | |
| beta-2 agonist | |
| beta-adrenergic blocking agents | agents that inhibit responses to sympathetic adrenergic nerve activity causing a slowing of electrical conduction and heart rate and a lowering of the pressure within the walls of the vessels; used to treat angina pectoris, some arrhythmias, and hypertension |
| Betagan | eye drops |
| beta-hydroxybutyric acid | |
| Bethesda system | system of interpretting a pap smear |
| biaxial *s/l* | by axial (ex: weighted sequences were obtained, supplemented by axial and T1 weighted images |
| bibasilar | |
| bibasilar rales | |
| bicarbonate | |
| bicarbonate *HCO3* | bicarbonate *HCO3* |
| Bickerstaff's migraine | also called basilar artery migraine (BAM) |
| biconvex | shape of the lens of the eye |
| bifascicular block | |
| bifrontal headaches | |
| bigeminy | |
| bil- | bile |
| bilateral | pertaining to two or both sides |
| bilberry leaf | herbal medicine |
| bimanual exam | |
| bi-level positive airway pressure | BiPap |
| bili | bile |
| biliary cirrhosis | relating to bile, conveying bile, affecting the bile conveying structures |
| biliary ducts | ducts that convey bile, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts |
| bilirubin | appears in the urine following the breakdown of hemoglobin |
| bilirubin | bile pigment |
| bilirubin test | chemical test used to detect bilirubin in the urine |
| bilobar *s/l* | could be bulbar |
| bioavailability | |
| Biomox | brand name for amoxacillin |
| biopsy | removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic pathological examination |
| biopsy of the prostate | needle biopsy of the prostate often performed using ultrasound guidance |
| biopsy, exisional | removal of an entire lesion |
| biopsy, incisional | removal of a selected portion of a lesion |
| biopsy, shave | technique using a surgical blade to "shave" tissue from epidermis and upper dermis |
| bios | life |
| BiPAP | Bi-Level Positive Airway Pressure - a machine which administers air under pressure via a nose mask to keep airways open and unobstructed. Respironics' *BiPAP®* units track the patient's breathing and lower the pressure during exhalation. |
| bipomeningecele *s/l* | lipomeningocele |
| birch bark | herbal medicine |
| biscupid valve *or mitral* | heart valve between the left atrium and left ventricle |
| biscus lidocaine | viscous lidocaine |
| bi-two or both | |
| Bivona tracheostomy tube | |
| BKA amputation | below the knee amputation |
| BKA amputation | below the knee amputation |
| black cohosh | herbal medicine |
| blackberry leaf | herbal medicine |
| black red blood cells *s/l* | packed red blood cells |
| bladder | temporary storage sac for urine |
| bladderwrack | herbal medicine |
| blebs | Blebs - Air-filled cysts near or on the surface of the lung. Blebs are less than 1cm in diameter. Compare to bullae |
| Blebs Disease | |
| blephar- | eyelid |
| blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid |
| blepharochalasis | baggy eyelid, overabundance and oss of elasticity of skin on the upper eyelid causing a fold of skin to hang down over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open |
| blepharoplasty | eyelids-plastic surgey procedure |
| blepharoptosis | drooping of the eyelid usually caused by paralysis |
| blepharospasm | involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the eye causing uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing |
| blessed thistle | herbal medicine |
| blind Doppler | |
| blood brain barrier | |
| blood glucose | measurement of the level of sugar *glucose* in the blood |
| blood pressure *BP* | force exerted by the blood on the walls of the main arteries of the body. BP measurements are made both when the heart's ventricles are contracting *systolic pressure*, and when the ventricles are at rest *diastolic pressure*. In a young adult, a healthy pressure averages 120 systolic and 80 diastolic *recorded as 120/80*. Hypertension occurs when BP is too high; hypotension is too low a BP. |
| blood sugar *BS* | measurement of the level of sugar *glucose* in the blood |
| blood urea nitrogen test | *BUN* blood test to determine the level of urea in the blood, a high BUN indicates the kidney's inability to excrete urea |
| blood, packed cell | a preparation of blood cells separated from liquid plasma, often administered in sever anemia to restore adequate levels of hemoglobin and red cells |
| blood-barin barrier | blood vessels that selectively let certain substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out |
| blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier | |
| blue bloater | Blue Bloater - term for the COPD patient whose symptoms include hypoxemia, secondary polycythemia, CO2 retention, pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale. Compare to Pink Puffer Term is rarely used anymore. |
| blue bloater | |
| blue cohosh | herbal medicine |
| blue flag | herbal medicine |
| blue haze | referring to transient visual effects |
| blue violet | herbal medicine |
| blueberry leaf | herbal medicine |
| blunt dissection | separation of tissue planes with an instrument that has no cutting ability |
| BMD | bone mineral density |
| BO | bronchiolitis obliterans |
| bobbin | drainage tube |
| body box | Plethysmography or Body Box - an airtight chamber with clear doors where one sits to have lung volumes measured. Breathing is accomplished through a mouthpiece. [JHEncy] |
| body cavities, two main | thoracic, abdominal |
| body parts, three main | sagittal, coronal *frontal*, and transverse |
| body planes, anterior *A* | front of the body |
| body planes, anterior-posterior *AP* | from front to back; commonly associated with the direction of an x-ray beam |
| body planes, axis | line that runs through the center of the body or a body part |
| body planes, caudal | situated below another structure, away from the head |
| body planes, cephalic | situated above another structure, toward the head |
| body planes, coronal or frontal | vertical division of the body into front *anterior* and back *posterior* portions |
| body planes, distal | away from the beginning or origin of a structure |
| body planes, dorsal | back of the body |
| body planes, inferior | situated below another structure, away from the head |
| body planes, lateral | toward the side |
| body planes, medial | toward the middle *midline* |
| body planes, posterior *P* | back of the body |
| body planes, posterior-anterior *PA* | from back to front; commonly associated with the direction of an x-ray beam |
| body planes, proximal | toward the beginning or origin of a structure |
| body planes, sagittal plane | vertical division of the body into right and left portions |
| body planes, superior | situated above another structure, toward the head |
| body planes, transverse planes | horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions |
| body planes, ventral | front of the body |
| boldo leaf | herbal medicine |
| boler aspect *s/l* | volar aspect |
| bolus | fluid bolus, IV fluid |
| bona-dona *s/l* | Bonadonna regimen *or schedule* for chemotherapy |
| bone | specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes *bone cells* forming the skeleton |
| bone demineralization | |
| bone grafting | transplantation of a piece of bone from one site to another to repair a skeletal defect |
| bone marrow | soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of a bone |
| bone marrow, red | found in cavities of most bones in infants; functions in the formation of red blood cells, some white cells, and platelets; in adults, red bone marrow is found most often in the flat bones |
| bone marrow, yellow | gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones, functions as storage for fat tissue, and is inactive in formation of blood cells |
| bone mineral density *BMD* | Bone Mineral Density *BMD* - bone density is the amount of bone tissue in a certain volume of bone. This measurement is taken using a special x-ray called quantitative computed tomogram |
| bone mineralization | |
| bone scan | a nuclear scan of bone tissue to detect tumor, malignancy, etc. |
| bone, compact bone | tightly solid, stron bone tissue resistant to bending |
| bone, spongy *cancellous* bone | mesh-like bone tissue containing marrow and fine branching canals through wich blood vessels run |
| bones, flat | bones of ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis & skull |
| bones, irregular | bones of vertebrae and face |
| bones, long | bones of arms and legs |
| bones, sesamoid | round bones that are found near joints *e.g., patella* |
| bones, short | bones of wrists and ankles |
| boneset | herbal medicine |
| bony anatomy | |
| bony changes | |
| bony necrosis | something laid aside; dead bone tissue from loss of blood supply *e.g. after a fracture* |
| boogie *s/l* | bougie, thin flexible device used in urethral, etc dilatations |
| BOOP | Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia *BOOP* - obstructive condition characterized by granulation tissue plugs within the small airways. This abnormal tissue extends into alveolar ducts and alveoli. [Dr Gary Epler's "What's BOOP?"] [VHosp] |
| borborygmus | term for rumbling, gurgling noise in the stomach and intestines |
| Borrelia burgdorferi | organism that causes Lyme disease |
| Bosniak classification | a renal cyst classification |
| both bases | |
| Bouchard's nodes | patient has early Bouchard's nodes in hands |
| boutonniere | deformity of the finger characterized by flexion of the proximinal interphalangeal joint and hypertension of the distal joint |
| bovine spongiform encephalopathy | "mad cow" disease |
| Bowman's capsule | top part of the nephron that encloses the glomerulus |
| boxer's fracture | |
| BP | blood pressure |
| BPD | bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
| brachial radialis *s/l* | brachioradialis |
| brachioradialis | |
| brachiostolic *s/l* | brachiocephalic |
| bradyarrhythmia | |
| bradycardia | condition of slow heart |
| bradykinesia | slow movements |
| bradypnea | decreased breathing rate, usually under ten breaths per minute. Bradypnea is often caused by the administration of narcotic analgesics such as morphine. |
| brady-slow | |
| brain | portion of the central nervous system contained within the cranium |
| brainstem | region of the brain that serves as a relay, between the cerebrum, cerebellum, and spinal cord, responsible for breathing, heart rate, and body temperature; there are three levels,mesencephalon *midbrain*; pons; medulla oblongata |
| BRAT diet | bananas, rice, applesauce, toast |
| brawny edema | |
| breakthrough seizure | |
| breast, adenocarcinoma | malignant tumor of glandular breast tissue |
| Brethaire | |
| Brethine | |
| bridle suture | |
| brisk and equal bilaterally | |
| brisk unaided gait | |
| broad *lava* beans | allergen |
| Broca area of the brain | responsible for speech |
| bromelain | herbal medicine |
| bromocriptine | |
| bronch- | bronchus *airway* |
| bronchdilator | Bronchodilator - a drug that relaxes the smooth muscles in the constricted airway. |
| bronchi- | bronchus *airway* |
| Bronchi *pl* *singular: bronchus* | Bronchi *pl* *singular: bronchus* - branches of the bronchial tree |
| bronchial brushing | whisking of the bronchi for pathologic examination |
| bronchial tree | branched airways that lead from the trachea to the microscopic air sacs |
| bronchial washing | irrigation of the bronchi for pathologic examination |
| bronchiectasis | irreversible dilation of bronchi due to chronic infection, obstruction, or autoimmune disease |
| bronchiogenic | bronchiogenic |
| bronchiole | small airway |
| bronchioles | tiniest branches of the bronchial tree, they lead into the alveoli |
| bronchiolitis | |
| bronchiolitis obliterans *BO* | Bronchiolitis Obliterans *BO* - an obstructive process involving small airways in the lung periphery. It may occur following a bout of pneumonia or lung transplantation. [VHosp] |
| bronchitis | Bronchitis - acute or chronic inflammation of the bronchial airways or any part of them. [JHEncy] |
| bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| bronchitis, acute | Acute Bronchitis - inflammation of cells lining the bronchi causes production of yellow or gray mucus which clogs airways resulting in shortness of breath, wheezing and pain in upper chest, especially when coughing. |
| bronchoadenitis | bronchoadenitis |
| bronchoalveolar | bronchoalveolar |
| bronchoaveolar lavage *BAL* | during bronchoscopy, a small amount of saline is injected into the distal *far* portions of the lung, then aspirated back through the bronchoscope, washing out the alveoli. The material recovered is then analyzed for cell count, differential or foreign bodies. [Procedure: Bronchoscopy with Lavage] |
| bronchoconstrictor | |
| bronchodilatation | |
| bronchodilate | |
| bronchodilation | |
| bronchodilator | a drug that dilates the muscular walls of the bronchi |
| bronchoesophageal | |
| bronchogenic | |
| bronchogenic carcinoma | lung cancer |
| bronchopulmonary | bronchopulmonary |
| bronchopulmonary dysplasia | |
| bronchopulmonary dysplasia *BPD* | abnormal development of the lung that results from oxygen toxicity in premature infants who receive prolonged respiratory assistance for hyaline membrane disease. [BPD Info from Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario] |
| bronchoscopy | use of a felxible endoscope, called a brochoscope, to examine the airways |
| bronchospactic | |
| bronchospasm | bronchospasm |
| bronchospasm | constriction of bronchi caused by spasm pf the peribronchial smooth muscle |
| bronchovesicular | |
| bronchovesicular breathing | |
| bronchus | airway |
| bronchus, right and left | two primary airways branching from the area of the carina into the lungs |
| Bronkometer | drug for respiratory problems |
| brownage 10 *s/l* | brownish tinge |
| BRP | bathroom privileges |
| bruce bar *s/l* | try BuSpar |
| Brudzinski sign | |
| bruit | an abnormal blowing or swishing sound or murmur heard while auscultating a carotid artery, organ, or gland |
| bruit | noise; an abnormal heart sound caused by turbulence within |
| BS | blood sugar |
| BSNU *s/l* | B, S, and U *Bartholin's, Skene's, and urethral glands, also BUS |
| B-strep | beta strep |
| bubbling rales | |
| buboes | enlarged lymph nodes in the groin |
| bucc- | cheek |
| buccal | in the cheek |
| buchu leaf | herbal medicine |
| bucket-handle tear | |
| bucket-handle tear | repaired with procedure called meniscal repair |
| buckthorn bark | herbal medicine |
| Buerger disease | eponymic name for thromboangiitis obliterans |
| bulbourethral glands | pair of glands below the prostate with ducts opening into the urethra -adds a viscid *sticky* fluid to semen *another name for Cowper's glands* |
| bulla | a blister larger than 0.5 cm such as 2nd degree burn *bulla = bubble* |
| bullae, bulla | Bullae *pl* *singular: bulla* - large air spaces within the lung, >1-2 cm in diameter, formed by ruptured alveoli. Compare to blebs. |
| bullous disease | Bullous Disease - See Vanishing Lung - also known as type 1 bullous disease and primary bullous disease of the lung |
| bundle of His | neurological fibers extending from the AV node to the right and left branches that fire theimpulse from the AV node to the Purkinje fibers |
| bunion | abnormal swelling of joint between big toe and first metarsal bone |
| bur hole | incision of the scalp, tissue, and creation of a hole in the skull |
| burdock leaf & root | herbal medicine |
| burn, 1st degree | only the epidermis charactierized by redness and excessive sensation |
| burn, 2nd degree | epidermis and dermis characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia, and vesications *blisters* |
| burn, third degree | involves all layers of the skinchracterized by destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage or destruction of the subcutaneous tissue |
| burned-out rheumatoid arthritis | burnt out rheumatoid arthritis |
| Burow soaks | for skin disorders also called aluminum acetate solution |
| bursa | a sac-like fluid-filled cavity situated in places where friction would otherwise develop |
| bursectomy | excision of a bursa |
| bursitis | inflammation of a bursa |
| BUS | Bartholin's, urethral, and Skene's glands |
| BuSpar | an anxiolytic |
| butt paste | Boudreaux's Butt Paste |
| butternut bark | herbal medicine |
| Bx | biopsy |
| byssinosis | brown lung disease caused by cotton dust accumulation in the lungs |