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The family of poisoned spy Alexander Litvinenko have made a final plea to the judge presiding over the inquiry into his death to formally implicate Vladimir Putin in his murder.
On the last day of the exhaustive public inquiry, Ben Emmerson QC, representing Litvinenkos widow, Marina, and son Anatoly, said the evidence heard proves Putin personally ordered the murder of the Russian dissident on the streets of London.
Emmerson struck out at the Russian president, labelling him a tinpot despot and lamenting his cringing hard-man photo opportunities, and urged the inquiry to identify him as being behind Litvinenkos death.
Vladimir
Putin stands accused of this murder on the best evidence that
is ever likely to be available.
Litvinenko, a former FSB and KGB spy who worked for British secret
service MI6 during his time in the UK, died aged 43 at University
College hospital nearly three weeks after drinking tea laced with
polonium-210 on 1 November 2006 at the Millennium hotel in Grosvenor
Square, London.
He had been in the company of Russian contacts Andrei Lugovoi
and Dmitry Kovtun, the prime suspects in the murder, who have
evaded arrest and trial in the UK.
The
inquiry was presented with detailed scientific evidence of what
was dubbed the polonium trail a long list of locations
and items contaminated with the radioactive substance and linked
to the movements of Lugovoi and Kovtun on three visits to London.
On Thursday, lawyers for Scotland Yard contended that Lugovoi
and Kovtun were a couple of ignorant and common murderers
and the Russian state was behind the death of Litvinenko, a dissident
who campaigned relentlessly against Russian state corruption and
organised crime.
The police force, however, was more cautious about implicating
Putin directly, arguing Russian state liability did not necessarily
mean the president was accountable.
But in his closing speech, Emmerson said there was enough evidence
to conclude Putin was responsible for the murder.
When the evidence is viewed in the round, as it must be, it establishes Russian state responsibility for Alexander Litvinenkos murder beyond reasonable doubt, he said. And if the Russian state is responsible, Vladimir Putin is responsible.
Marina
Litvinenko was killed by agents of the Russian state in the first
ever act of nuclear terrorism on the streets of London.
Not on some analogical version of vicarious liability but
because he personally ordered the liquidation of an enemy who
was bent on exposing him and his cronies.
An operation as significant as killing a high-profile dissident
in London, who had the protection of the British government and
who was a British citizen, using a highly dangerous radioactive
isotope, would require the personal authorisation of President
Putin.
Emmerson rehearsed some of the key reasonsto put Putin under suspicion, including the poloniums origins in Russia, Lugovois links to the FSB and similarities with several other political assassinations in Russia.
He told the inquiry Putin was motivated by revenge and the
need to prevent further damning disclosures about the Kremlin
Litvinenko had already exposed links between Putin and
organised crime in two books.
was killed by agents of the Russian state in the first ever act of nuclear terrorism on the streets of London
Marina Litvinenko
Not on some analogical version of vicarious liability but because he personally ordered the liquidation of an enemy who was bent on exposing him and his cronies.
An operation as significant as killing a high-profile dissident in London, who had the protection of the British government and who was a British citizen, using a highly dangerous radioactive isotope, would require the personal authorisation of President Putin.
Emmerson rehearsed some of the key reasonsto put Putin under suspicion, including the poloniums origins in Russia, Lugovois links to the FSB and similarities with several other political assassinations in Russia.
He told the inquiry Putin was motivated by revenge and the
need to prevent further damning disclosures about the Kremlin
Litvinenko had already exposed links between Putin and
organised crime in two books.
Addressing the inquiry chairman, Sir Robert Owen, he continued:
First, you can be sure on the criminal standard that Lugovoi
and Kovtun murdered Mr Litvinenko. Secondly, that you can be sure
that they were sent by officials within the Russian state to do
this. Thirdly, that cannot conceivably have happened without Vladimir
Putins authority.
Emmerson hit out at Putins decision in March to award
Lugovoi a medal for services to Russia. Since Litvinenkos
death, the suspect has enjoyed a meteoric rise in Russian politics.
It was a crass and clumsy gesture from an increasingly isolated
tinpot despot a morally deranged authoritarian who was
at that very moment clinging desperately on to political power
in the face of international sanctions and a rising chorus of
international condemnation, he said.
After years of negotiation and appeasement, the world has
lost patience now with Mr Putins judo politics and his cringing,
hard man photo opportunities. He is increasingly seen as a dangerous
international menace: corrupt, vindictive and lethal badly
advised, lacking in political judgment, a threat to international
peace and security, a liability to his own people and to Russia
itself.