ISLAM.COM

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HISTORY

Origins
Muslims believe that Islam is a faith that has always existed.
Islam was gradually revealed to humanity by a number of earlier prophets, but the final and complete revelation of the faith was made through the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in the 7th century CE.
The Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Muhammad (pbuh) was born in Mecca in Saudi Arabia in 570.
He was a deeply spiritual man, and often spent time in meditation on Mount Hira
One night in 610 he was meditating in a cave on the mountain when he was visited by the angel Jibreel who ordered him to "recite".
Once Jibreel mentioned the name of Allah, Muhammad (pbuh) began to recite words which he came to understand were the words of God.

The Qur'an
During the rest of his life Muhammad (pbuh) continued to receive these revelations. The words were remembered and recorded, and form the text of the Holy Qu'ran, the Muslim scripture.
Preaching
Realising that God had chosen him as his messenger Muhammad (pbuh) began to preach what God had revealed to him.
The simple and clear-cut message of Islam, that there is no God but Allah, and that life should be lived in complete submission to the will of Allah, was attractive to many people, and they flocked to hear it.

The Hijrah
Muhammad's (pbuh) popularity was seen as threatening by the people in power in Mecca, and Muhammad (pbuh) took his followers on a journey from Mecca to Medina in 622.
This journey is called the Hijrah (migration) and the event was seen as so important for Islam that 622 is the year in which the Islamic calendar begins.
The Return to Mecca
Within ten years Muhammad (pbuh) had gained so many followers that he was able to return to Mecca and conquer it.
From this time on he was generally accepted as the true final Prophet of God (pbuh).
Muhammad (pbuh) continued to lead his community both spiritually and in earthly matters until his death in 632.