Sojourn
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Topic: Instructor or Pedant

"Sojourn"

As a noun it means "a short or temporary stay." Any guess as to what its verb meaning is? This is not a trick question. It means "to stay for a time in a place." Look it up if you want.

And so what do people mean when they say or write it these days?

They think it means "journey" or "trip."

Precisely what it does not mean.

Topic: Instructor or Pedant

I promised an entry on “beg the question.” Here it is.

When you hear the phrase “beg the question” in modern conversation, it is almost invariably used incorrectly. Newscasters are extremely fond of using it, but they are mis-using it to be a synonym for “raise the question.”

For example, Corey Lidle’s plane crashes into a Manhattan skyscraper. The news people are shocked, and think maybe there is something the government could have done, but didn’t do, so they state “This accident begs the question, ‘Are officials doing enough to protect New York City?’” Well, the accident might well raise that question, but it doesn’t beg it. The questioner might want to beg for an answer, if he wants to be dramatic, but the situation did not beg a question.

Why not?

“Begging the question” is a term used in logic, debate and discourse for millennia. It means, essentially, to argue that something is true because it is true. It is a form of circular logic. When you are trying to prove a point in logic, you start with a base set of assumptions. If you then logically arrive at the point from those assumptions, you can have been said to have proven it. However, if you end up assuming your point in order to attempt to prove it, you have proven nothing; you are begging your question (the “question” is the point you intended to prove.)

An example would help. Let’s suppose I set out to prove that “X should be illegal.” I can start by arguing that if something is wrong, it should be illegal. (We might not agree that’s true, but for the sake of argument, let’s.) Then, perhaps I assert that breaking the law is wrong – which most of us can agree to. But then, if I point out that “X is illegal, hence X is against the law, hence X is wrong, hence X should be illegal” I am using circular logic. I have argued that something is true because it is true. I am guilty of begging the question.

Here’s one of the entries I found when I looked up “beg the question” at Dictionary.com:

beg the question

Take for granted or assume the truth of the very thing being questioned. For example, Shopping now for a dress to wear to the ceremony is really begging the question - she hasn't been invited yet. This phrase, whose roots are in Aristotle's writings on logic, came into English in the late 1500s. In the 1990s, however, people sometimes used the phrase as a synonym of "ask the question" (as in The article begs the question: "What are we afraid of?").

Now, I think the example the citation uses is not quite what Aristotle was thinking about, but you can see that the misuse of the phrase began recently.

To me, this is an example of how our language is losing its effectiveness. We have a perfectly good, meaningful phrase being distorted to mean something else – and we have plenty of good phrases which could be used instead.

My personal opinion on why this misuse occurs is this: people want to sound intelligent, so they use a phrase they have heard other intelligent people use – but they use it incorrectly.

 

Citations and references.

As is often the case, Wikipedia has a great explanation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beg_the_question

 

beg the question. (n.d.). The American Heritage? Dictionary of Idioms by Christine Ammer. Retrieved October 15, 2006, from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=beg the question

Topic: Instructor or Pedant
Definition:
Pedant:
1. a person who makes an excessive or inappropriate display of learning.
2. a person who overemphasizes rules or minor details.
3. a person who adheres rigidly to book knowledge without regard to common sense.
4. Obsolete. a schoolmaster.

I don't think I'm a pedant. But I clearly care more about proper use of words than many people do. It's my belief that if there is a good word or phrase for something, that word or phrase should be used properly. It should not be used to mean something else, and other words should not be substituted, especially if they do not share the same meaning.

In my previous entry, I mentioned that I should write a series of posts about commonly misused words or phrases. While I mentioned "beg the question" as my potential first entry, I've decided to start with "thence."

Definition:
thence:
1. from that place: I went first to Paris and thence to Rome.
2. from that time; thenceforth: He fell ill and thence was seldom seen.
3. from that source: Thence came all our troubles.
4. from that fact or reason; therefore: We were young, and thence optimistic.

I'm starting with "thence" because it is used -- incorrectly -- in the Apostle's Creed in the version of the LCMS hymnal we have used for years. In that version of the creed, it says "On the third day He rose again from the dead. He ascended into heaven and sits at the right hand of God the Father Almighty, from thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead."

That can't be right. "Thence" means "from that place." This means that the creed is saying "... at the right hand of God the Father Almighty, from from that place He shall come..." A double "from" is incorrect.

Now, if you go to the web and search for Apostle's Creed -- even on an LCMS site -- the wording has been corrected. That's good. But for years and years and years the people who have read this have been using the word incorrectly. Yet, because they have seen it in an authoritative text, they assume it's right. And, since it seems to mean "there" (not "FROM there"), they are tempted to use it as a synonym -- and they probably think they sound educated when they misuse it!

Many of my usage peeves are related to this very point -- people try to sound smart by using words or phrases which sound educated, yet in the process they only serve to demonstrate the opposite to the knowledgeable, while spreading their mis-usage to the uninformed.

Here are some other similar words, phrases and pronunciations.

• "beg the question"
  
• "sojourn"
  
• "often" -- with a "t"
  
• "hopefully" -- though this one shows how misuse can cause "acceptability drift."
  

Perhaps I will get around to posting about them sometime.




Citations:
pedant. (n.d.). Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.0.1). Retrieved October 05, 2006, from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=pedant


thence. (n.d.). Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.0.1). Retrieved October 05, 2006, from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=thence