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J
Premise
There are the need to consider if the occurrence of the
self-awareness of people, just 13 billions years after so called
Big Bang
and evoked by
conscious decisions fast and permanent drive to understand everything
and progress in
technology is random?
Recently these considerations and trials of the formulation of the
world
view incorporating phenomena of
life and
consciousness in
cosmological models of the
Universe
led to the " Theory of necessity of people's participation in reoccurrence
of sub - Universe". Its thesis, expressed in another words states: " People
will create a new sub- Universe " or " People go to be the new
Demiurge
". The essential concept of this theory is illustrated intuitively by fig.
1.
Introduction
Scientists admire sophistication of
biochemistry of
DNA,
chlorophyll, molecular
genetics
and mechanisms of
embryogenesis. The nature of the phenomenon of
life is not yet
fully comprehend, however it seems that it occur exceptionally in our
cosmological surroundings. The
cognitive
possibilities of human beings are astonishing and
self-awareness or more general
consciousness, seems especially an overriding phenomenon.
The
Fermi paradox constitutes a convincing argument that life and
consciousness are very rare phenomena on the cosmic scale.
Religious
revelations ( theories ) maintain usually that human beings are unique
for all the Universe. Anyhow, the existence on the surface of our
planet of
life and conscious people is really exceptional.
Nevertheless the trial of the explanation of meaning of the occurrence of
human race are missing or omitted.
Scientific theories don't discuss eventual tasks of human beings, which
would be necessary for somebody or which would complete an important process.
Even the authors of religious concepts discuss only the assumed fate of
people or their appropriate behavior but omit explanations of their
necessity, their eventual tasks, shortly their meaning in the featured,
proposed
cosmogony or the particular cosmological
world
view.
Metaphysics and
ontology
don't indicate the meaning of the existence of human being either. For
instance Plato's
and
Aristotle's metaphysics as well as
Epicure's
and
stoicism concepts don't precise tasks or roles of people in the World.
Later
Cartesian or
Kant's metaphysical systems , as well as idealistic theories like bishop
Berkeley's
ideas appeal to God's will and intentions therefore don't undertake
proposals of the explanations why people are necessary.
It seems that the notion of
time
space, especially the imagination of expanding time space and
elaboration of
cyclic cosmological models and the progress of technology in the realm
of
virtual reality or
simulated reality enabled unification of some very different fields of
theoretical thinking, what was necessary to consider cosmological meaning of
the human life.
Cinematographic, known accomplishments of
virtual reality ( e.g. first large scale
special effects movies, imaging Spielberg's dinosaurs ) make intuitively
comprehensible the notion of
emulation
of alive beings.
Frank Tipler proposed that people, living in the past could be emulated
in the huge, powerful, future information processing system. The possibility
of the emulation of human beings on so called second level of
implementation would be equivalent of the
resurrection. By this way it is possible to consider basic religious
ideas in a rational way. It is possible then to propose a kind of
integration of reasoning leading to the theory indicating the possible
meaning for the existence in "another, emulated world".
From other hand, the cyclic cosmological model leads to an important
conclusion, that the former version of the Universe could be the creator of
the next realization of the Universe or rather of creation of the sub -
universe.
The authors of so called strong version of the
Anthropic Principle pay attention that the universe can be "tuned" in a
way to enable the occurrence of biological life and conscious people.
Moreover, the universe can be
"fine tuned" to force it to arise in a particular shape and form with
particular, desirable features.
The authors of the " Theory of necessity of people's participation in
reoccurrence of sub - Universe" proposed recently the hypothesis that
descendant of the inhabitants of the present Universe will participate in
the tuning of the next version of the sub-universe. Of course this concept
determines the important and difficult tasks for living people and by this
way explain the meaning of their life. This hypothesis assigns different
kinds of life missions for various professions or people of various human
mentalities and life styles.
This theory proposes also the conceptual solution for an old controversy
related to the nature of the Creator of the Universe and in some sense
neutralizes the vivid dispute between academic scientists and
creationists, especially representing the idea of so called
Intelligent Design
Authors
Lee
Smolin who developed the theory of
cosmological natural selection suggests that
fecund universes evolve in favor of the production of
black
holes.
Louis
Crane goes one step further and maintains
[3] that universes could be fine-tuned for life by intelligent beings
themselves manufacturing new universes.
Alan Guth
and
Michio Kaku[1],
as well as
James Gardner [[4]]
also have speculated
[5] that a civilization at the top of the
Kardashev scale might create
fine-tuned universes in a continuation of the evolutionary drive to
exist. In the light of A.Guth’s and L.Crane's speculations the distant
progeny of people will play the role of Plato’s
Demiurge.
Even the most generalized version of the
multiverse theory
[2], published recently by a known system scientist
Ervin Laszlo[3],
[4], who coined the notion of Metaverse must be confronted with
the thesis formulated in the premise to this entry. Laszlo posits that the
"quantum vacuum" is the fundamental energy and information-carrying field
that informs not just the current universe, but all universes past and
present. He believes that this kind of field can " explain why our universe
is so improbably fine-tuned as to form galaxies and conscious life forms;
and why evolution is an informed, not random, process ".
The presented theory posits however that people (intelligent inhabitants
of past and present universes) are involved in the process of the mentioned
" improbably fine-tuning ". The authors of the theory argue that occurrence
of consciousness, as a new neuro -physiological phenomenon is not random.
They maintain that anybody of us is indispensable for the realization of an
extremely important task.: " We are indispensable to succeed to reproduce
the new real world "[6].
People in the context of the evolving
Universe
In details the authors of the theory argue that the actual phase of the
development of the
Universe,
characterized by occurrence of the
self-awareness of people should be understand in the context of the
evolving Universe.
Most of contemporary cosmologists maintain that the Universe comes out
from primary singularity, it means from a very dense bunch of matter or '
quantum foam. They believe that the singularity existed above time, however
the concept of the beginning of time is discussed
[5],[6].
The Big Bang theory is confronted recently again with the endless cycle
universe theory, so called
Cyclic Model by the work of Baum and
Frampton[7].
Anyhow, it is believed that the primary physical particles appeared during
the first 'cosmologic era' of the " new Universe ". The early Universe was
composed from
Hydrogen
and Helium.
More heavy elements occurred inside of the older stars. We know already that
many
stellar systems are characterized by the presence of planets.
At the surface of the planets (at last on our
planet ) so
called
biological life has emerged . Recently, after 13 billions year of the
cosmic evolution the Homo sapiens sapiens appeared. Human beings are
characterized by the self-awareness. It is almost improbably that the
occurrence of biological life and
consciousness was random. It is rather a cosmic necessity. The existence
of a galaxy
is probably the indispensable condition. It would be difficult to imagine a
planetary stellar system with the
biological life on the surface of the planet existing in the
intergalactic cosmic void. If we will admit that the
biological life is a cosmic necessity the quick formation of galaxies in
the expanding universe should be comprehended as an important step in the
creation of the elementary conditions for the occurrence of the biological
life.
The appearance of human self-awareness is indispensable to take decisions
about important acts related to the fate of human beings.
People are inquisitive and unconsciously motivated to increase the
knowledge and technological abilities. It enables them to develop the
communication and
memorizing
systems. They quickly transforms our planet in a kind of a huge
global brain. It is only first step to much more far reaching goals.
Just now people want to analyze, record and understand the
genetic code. In fact they want to understand the code representation of
everything.
Supra human minds
The presented theory assimilates also several concepts of supra human
minds, conceptualized as Emile Durheim's
collective consciousness or
collective intelligence and especially by the notion of
noogenesis. Indeed some researchers assume that human mental processes
are integrated or even assume that this integrated mind is evolving.
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin presented in his famous, posthumously
published book " The Phenomenon of Man " the theory of the formation of
noosphere
[8] and the concept of
noogenesis.The term
noogenesis denotes the emergence of collective mind, which follows
geogenesis]],
biogenesis and anthropogenesis. According to Teilhard, the process of
noogenesis moves from mind through spirit and converges to an ultimate goal,
which he describes as the
Omega
Point. In another words, Teihard was the proponent of so called
orthogenesis, the idea that evolution occurs in a directional, goal
driven way
See, for instance.: Is Noogenesis Progressing? – 2002 essay.
To Teilhard, evolution develops from cell to organism, from planet, solar
system to whole -universe, according to the concept called
Gaia
theory. He postulated a goal to the process of evolution. People
according to him are the constituent elements of this process.
Is emulation of people on second level
of implementation necessary?
Frank Tipler,[7]
, the author of The Anthropic Cosmological Principle
[9] is also the author of the book sub title: " The physics of
immortality - Modern cosmology, God and the Resurrection of the Dead "
[10]. He presents in this book probably unique other similar trial
to search for meaning of the human life. His vision of cosmological
development foresees that the descendants of people will build, in the far
future, the huge macro - computer based on the matter of the collapsing
universe. It will enable the emulation (reconstruction, in fact
resurrection ) of all people who lived before.
Frank Tipler' s theory works only on the assumption that the
time
space of the Universe is closed (see
Big
Crunch) and that it will collapse in the future. In 1998 (after the
formulation of Tipler's theory in 1995) astronomers found strong arguments
that our Universe is "open"
[11] and that the
time
space will expand endlessly
[8],Big
Freeze.
So, the "Theory of necessity of people’s participation in reoccurence of
sub - Universe” takes into account that probably our Universe will expand,
adulterate and freeze endlessly. The authors of the theory believe however,
that people intuitively try to escape the disastrous fate of the
civilization living in the attenuating and freezing Universe. The
intelligent inhabitants of the present Universe have probably unconscious
drive to understand everything and develop high technology, especially
information processing technology (see the anticipation of so called
Technological singularity. Probably it is the beginning of the mentioned
drive to build the macro-computer and to implement the essence, especially
brains and human psyche on so called second level of implementation. The
development of the global
Internet,
the urge to construct so called
virtual reality or
simulated reality and the main postulate of all religions about further
existence in ' other world ' as well the recent vision of futurologists
Vernor Vinge,
Ray
Kurzweil and many science fiction writers (
Greg Egan,
Stephen Baxter ), what give usually a good insights, push authors of the
theory to prediction that really people will ' scan ' themselves and emulate
in the
cyberspace. It seems that it is necessary to obtain a much faster and
intense development of the thinking and cognition, as well dispersed
conscious, intelligent system integrated with the material substance of
galaxies.
The ultimate goal of people
Probably the ultimate goal of people is to do something with the sad
vision of cooling, dilatating, and infinitely expanded time space of our
Universe. Probably our descendants will try to utilize a massive black hole
as a tool appropriate to begin the next offspring Universe
[9] Mighty knowledge, technology and power is necessary however to
program and tune the characteristics of the next Big (Little) Bang in such a
manner that ensures the offspring Universe will also obey the Anthropic
Principle
[10]. It would cause the similar evolution of the offspring Universe,
who should lead to the occurrence of human beings that will signify in fact
the 'reincarnation' of the human species.
Thus people and their descendants of the present Universe will want to
master the ability to tune the next Big Bang: Therefore they need to decode
genomic
information and also the patterns for all
reality,
including the pattern of the physical and chemical characteristics of matter.
The code representation of all objects should be determined. People, who
know scientific endeavors will agree that in fact the trial of the
understanding of everything has already began.
Metaphysical importance of the theory
Many authors presented similar speculations on subjects of "fine-tuned
universe", "ultimate
fate of the universe", "strong ( final ) version of the
Anthropic Principle","Intelligent
Design" and others. Hitherto, the authors of these speculations omit
however the role of people in the fate of Universe.
Fig. 2 Cycle of events probably necessary for
reoccurence of sub - Universe
It is astonishing because, on the other hand, people are desperate by the
lack of opinion or theories related to meaning of their existence.
Furthermore the "Theory of necessity of people's participation in
reoccurrence of sub - Universe" unawares indicates for the possibility to
consider unification of
religious
and cosmological concepts. It is illustrated by fig. 2 , which suggests the
rational for
emulation
of people on so called second level of
implementation, what means simply some kind of their
resurrection.
Frank Tipler's theory foresaw this possibility for the cosmological
model of the closed Universe. Fig. 2 illustrates how the same concept is
usefulness in compass of similar theory, but taking into account the
cosmological model of the open Universe. The phases of the
evolution
of the Universe, mentioned on the upper part of the scheme are
scientifically substantiated. The elements of the cycle mentioned on the
lower part of the scheme are rather speculative. How future progeny of
people will realize the tuning of next singularity probably will be yet long
the matter of hypothetical speculations. Theory of necessity of people's
participation in reoccurrence of sub - Universe, in some sense is opposite
to the concept of "Intelligent
Design". Here the sub - Universe is designed by the former Universe. It
resolves old metaphysical problem, that the "designer” cannot be simpler
that his product. The theory implies also third possibility to the
metaphysical and religious controversy. Instead of random occurrence or the
creation by God the possibility exists that the Universe was created by
conscious inhabitants of former, past version of the Universe, who played
the role of
Demiurge, conceived as in old
Plato's
metaphysics.
Importance of the theory for
psychological and social condition of people
The presented theory restores the
meaning
of the human life. It explains why the effort of people is valuable and that
this effort will be rewarded by the possibility of reoccurrence. The theory
emerged from the trial of the unification of biological and cosmological
notions, however it has implications for the emotional condition of people.
Contemporary people need well justified tasks, which point out the important
mission, creating ideological or metaphysical motivations of their endeavors.
As one of the reviewers of Ervin Laszlo's mentioned book
[11] wrote, 'Much of the chaos and social dislocation that we observe
daily, is not something that is "just happening," but is a result of our own
lack of coherence and vision'.
References
-
^
Michio Kaku,Escape from the universe,Prospect Magazine (2005),02,107,[1]
-
^
Max Tegmark, Parallel Universes, Scientific American(2003),5,40-51
-
^
Ervin Laszlo, Science and the Akashic Field: An Integral Theory
of Everything(2004),ISBN-10-1594770425
-
^
Ervin Laszlo, Science and the Reenchantment of the Cosmos: The
Rise of the Integral Vision of Reality(2006),ISBN-10-1594771022
-
^ Gabriel Veneziano,The Myth of the Beginning of Time,
Scientific American, (2004),
05, 01
-
^ Martin Bojowald, "Cosmology: Unique, or not unique?"(2006),
Nature, 442,988-990
-
^ Lauris Baum, Paul H. Frampton, Turnaround in Cyclic
Cosmology,(2007),Phys.Rev.Lett.98,[[2]]
-
^
Teilhard de Chardin,"The Phenomenon of Man"(1959) Harper
Collins Publishers- Perennial, 1976,
ISBN 0-06-090495-X
-
^
John D. Barrow,
Frank J. Tipler, The Anthropic Cosmological Principle (1988
edition), Oxford University Press,
ISBN 0-19-282147-4
-
^
Frank J. Tipler, The Physics of Immortality - Modern Cosmology,
God and the Resurrection of the Dead(1994),Doubleday,ISBN
0-385-46799-0
-
^ Stephen Perlmutter and co., Discovery of a supernova
explosion at half the age of the universe,(1998),
Nature, 391, 6662
Notes.:
- Text taken from the " Alan Guth hompage " [[12]]
[".. Working with Prof. Edward Farhi and others, Guth has explored the
question of whether it is in principle possible to ignite inflation in a
hypothetical laboratory, thereby creating a new universe. The answer is
a definite maybe. They showed that it cannot be done classically, but
with quantum tunneling it might be theoretically possible. The new
universe, if it can be created, would not endanger our own universe.
Instead it would slip through a wormhole and rapidly disconnect
completely…"]
- Text taken from " Dward Farhi homepage " [[13]]["..His
interest then shifted to general relativity and he and Alan Guth studied
the classical and quantum prospects of making a new inflationary
universe in the laboratory today. He, Guth and others also studied
obstacles to constructing a time machine…"]
- Text taken from the website "
Biocosm
- the new scientific theory of evolution: Intelligent life is the
architect of the Universe " [[14]]
["… Originally presented in peer-reviewed scientific journals, his
radical “Selfish Biocosm” hypothesis proposes that life and intelligence
have not emerged in a series of Darwinian accidents but are essentially
hardwired into the cycle of cosmic creation, evolution, death, and
rebirth. He argues that the destiny of highly evolved intelligence
(perhaps our distant progeny) is to infuse the entire universe with
life, eventually to accomplish the ultimate feat of cosmic reproduction
by spawning one or more “baby universes,” which will themselves be
endowed with life generating properties. In this explanation of the role
of life in the cosmos, Gardner presents an eloquent and lucid synthesis
of the most recent advances in physics, cosmology, biology,
biochemistry, astronomy, and complexity theory. These disciplines
increasingly find themselves approaching the frontier of what was once
the exclusive province of philosophers and theologians. Gardner’s
Selfish Biocosm hypothesis challenges both Darwinists and advocates of
intelligent design, and forces us to reconsider how we ourselves are
shaping the future of life and the cosmos…"]
- Text taken from the article published in " The Guardian - Prospect
Magazine " - 1 -
February 2005 | 107 » Cover story » Escape from the universe
Intruductory fragment of the interview with
Michio Kaku [ ".. The universe is destined to end. Before it does,
could an advanced civilisation escape via a "wormhole" into a parallel
universe? The idea seems like science fiction, but it is consistent with
the laws of physics and biology. Here's how to do it …The universe is
out of control, in a runaway acceleration. Eventually all intelligent
life will face the final doom—the big freeze. An advanced civilisation
must embark on the ultimate journey: fleeing to a parallel universe.In
Norse mythology, Ragnarok—the fate of the gods—begins when the earth is
caught in the vice-like grip of a bone-chilling freeze. The heavens
themselves freeze over, as the gods perish in great battles with evil
serpents and murderous wolves. Eternal darkness settles over the bleak,
frozen land as the sun and moon are both devoured. Odin, the father of
all gods, finally falls to his death, and time itself comes to a halt.
Does this ancient tale foretell our future? Ever since the work of Edwin
Hubble in the 1920s, scientists have known that the universe is
expanding, but most have believed that the expansion was slowing as the
universe aged. In 1998, astronomers at the Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory and the Australian National University calculated the
expansion rate by studying dozens of powerful supernova explosions
within distant galaxies, which can light up the entire universe. They
could not believe their own data. Some unknown force was pushing the
galaxies apart,... "]
- Text taken from the website " The Omega Point and the Final Fate of
Life " [[15]]["..
BASEMENT UNIVERSE: A small artificially created universe linked to the
old universe by a wormhole. This could then be used for living space,
computing or as an escape from a decaying universe. "Baby Universes" has
been postulated by some theories about black holes (see This Week's
Finds in Mathematical Physics (Week 31) by John Baez) and inflation
cosmology...LINDE SCENARIO: A scenario for indefinite survival of
intelligent life. It assumes it is possible to either create basement
universes connected to the original universe with a wormhole or the
existence of other cosmological domains. Intelligent life continually
migrates to the new domains as the old grow too entropic to sustain
life. [Mitch Porter, 1997. The name refers to Linde's chaotic inflation
cosmology, where new universes are continually spawned.] See The Linde
scenario, v0.01.."]
Theory in popular culture and fiction
Books
-
Fred Hoyle, The black cloud (1959) Buccaneer Books Cutchogue,
New York, 1959, re-issued by Roc (1982) ISBN 10 0451114329
Movies
- Michael Anderson movie "Millenium" ( actors.: Kris Kristofferson,
Cheryl Ladd, Daniel J. Travanti, and Robert Joy ) The First Millenium
Partnership - Rank - Warner Bros, VHS 1989, DVD 1989 [[16]]
Paintings
- Paul Gaugin " Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are
We Going?"
See also
External
links
