Topic 9: Solutions
What is a solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture. Some examples are mouthwash, diet soda, window cleaner, and gasoline. Almost all of the chemicals you use in a chemistry lab are in a solution form because reactions often occur faster in solutions. In a experiment I filled a empty tank with fresh water and later added salt to it and then stirred it. Then after stirred it I could not see the salt any more that are distinct from the water. No matter what I do the salt will not spontaneously separate from the water. So it becomes a homogeneous mixture after fully dissolving or mixing together into one mixture.
What does concentrations mean?
A ratio of a solute to solvent /or solution. A measurement used to determent how much of substance is in a solution. Also a ratio is to determine what is the percentage of all the substance to the total amount in the solution.
Why do some things dissolve while others don't?
The best way to determine if a solution can dissolve is by adding it to a solvent and watches and sees what happens to it. To see if it reacts or/ not in the solvent. This can determine if it can dissolve or not. Chlorine has electronegativity of 3.0but bounds with hydrogen have a electrongativity of 2.1 so atom share electrons evenly. Due to the sharing of electrons the charge of the chlorine becomes negatively charge and the hydrogen becomes positively charge. The charges are not that strong but enough to attract other charged particles such as polar molecules and ions. Then you would accept molecules to be held by polar covalent bounds to dissolve ionic compounds and everything else.
How are solubility principles used?
The cleaners use the solubility principles to help remove stains. With the principles it helped cleaners to take out difficult stains by knowing what the composition of what had stained it. This helps them to find out what is the best thing to use to fight the stain. When for example a cold unopened bottle is open it has a hissing sound which is the sound of gas coming out of the bottle. But if it's flat which means its warm and the stuff is not really moving but if it's cold the molecules would be very excited and there would be a fizzing sound. Gas solubility lowers when its temperature increases and its solubility increases when its temperature is high. So the warm soda newly opened tastes flat, but if it's cold it tastes good.
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Topic 8: Gases and Condensation
Topic 10: Acids and Bases
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