Sovereigns of European Empires and Independent Kingdoms, 1885
Austria-Hungary Emperor Franz Joseph I 1830 1848
Belgium King Leopold II 1835 1865
Denmark King Christian IX 1818 1863
Germany Emperor Wilhelm I 1797 1861 (1871)
Greece King George I 1845 1863
Italy King Umberto I 1844 1878
Netherlands King Willem III 1817 1849
Portugal King Luiz I 1838 1861
Romania King Carol I 1839 1866 (1881)
Russia Emperor Alexander III 1845 1881
Serbia King Milan IV 1854 1868 (1882)
Spain King Alfonso XII 1857 1874
Sweden & Norway King Oscar II 1829 1872
United Kingdom Queen Victoria 1819 1837
1871
Fixed-date lists
European Sovereigns
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