No... you aren't listening, boychick.  You never ask a wizard his name.  Knowing the name of a thing gives you power over the thing.  Instead, ask what the wizard wishes to be called."

- Aelfir Woodstalker, Sorceror, to his apprentice Rumwold Horseherder

Aateni Naming Customs:  The Aateni use a single, personal name combined with a patronymic and lineal name.  The personal name is given first.  The patronymic is then given, with "mac" being placed before the father's name if the individual being named is male, "fyrch" if the individual being named is female.  Lastly, the lineal  name (being the name of the paternal grandfather) is given, being preceded by the indicator "ui" if the person named is male and "inghean" if the individual being named is female.  For example, Dorchadh, who is the son of Feardridh and the grandson of Carig would be called Dorchadh mac Feardridh ui Carig.  Dorchadh's sister Sorcha would be Sorcha fyrch Feardridh inghean Carig.

Barind Naming Customs: The Barind use a single name, combined with a descriptive cognomen.  The cognomen is generally derived from a deed the person has done, a habit he possesses, some characteristic of the person, or even where they are from.  Thus, Ilfred, a tall, strong, bald but black-bearded blacksmith who lives in the town of Wychcross, and who once killed a goblin raider with his forge-hammer, might be called Ilfred Coalbeard, Ilfred Skinpate, Ilfred Ironarm, Ilfred Blacksmith, Ilfred Longshanks, or Ilfred Goblinhammer... and there are probably several possibilities not listed here.  Though its not really a custom or tradition, there is a tendency for a wife to take on her husband's cognomen, and for children to take on their father's.  No one looks askance, however, at a wife who keeps her own name, or a child who chooses his own name upon reaching adulthood. Members of the nobility tend to use their fief's name as a surname (for example, the Margrave of Wychcross is called Berthram Wychcross; his wife and children also use the town's name as a surname).

Chayk Naming Customs: The Chayk use a single name, along with a patrynomic.  The patrynomic is made up of the Chayk's father's name combined with the suffix -ssen (if the Chayk in question is male) or -sdottir (if the Chayk is female).  Thus, Fjokfrik, who is the son of Hjar, would be called Fjokfrik Hjarssen, while Fjokfrik's daughter Atrek would be called Atrek Fjokfriksdottir.

Choyen Naming Customs: The Choyen use personal names along with a Clan name.  In formal use, the Clan name is given first, followed by the Choyen's personal name.  When married, a Choyen adds the Clan of their spouse to their name, following their given name.  Thus, Enbi, who is a member of the Fijuri Clan and married to Carif Shrah, would be called Fijuri Enbi Carif in formal speech (but just Enbi while among friends).  Her husband Shrah, a member of the Carif Clan, would be called Carif Shrah Fijuri in formal speech (but just Shrah among friends).  Choyen find it irritating when non-Choyen refer to them by only their Clan names... or worse, by their spouse's Clan name.

Durindan/Khazak Naming Customs: For everyday occasions, the dwarves use a single personal name, followed by the Clan name.  Most dwarven Clan names are taken from some feat, skill, or habit of the Clan's founder.  These tend to be translated into Taoric as nicknames.  Examples include Clan Ironshield, Clan Farwalker, and Clan Orcfoe.  A Khazak's full name is his entire paternal lineage, back to the founder of his Clan.  This is represented using the simple phrase "Son of" or "Daughter of", plus the name of his or her father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and so on through the male line.  With some Clans, this list can be exhaustive.  However, a dwarf will only list his full name in very, very formal occasions (such as when the Khazak is being tried for a crime, or for religious reasons).  In times when more than his personal name is needed, but the full name is not required (such as when he is being introduced to strangers), the Khazak will use the phrase "Son of" or "Daughter of", plus the name of his Clan's founder.  Thus, Honon, whose clan was founded by Gheldraun Tanglebeard, would introduce himself as Honon Tanglebeard; for formal occasions he would call himself Honon, son of Azil, son of Varin, son of Harn, son of Eboros, son of Narglorn, son of Blor, son of Jhoel, son of Thirok, son of Gheldraun Tanglebeard.

Jaris Naming Customs: As can be expected, the Jaris have very specific rules regarding names and their uses.  When born, a Jaris is given a childhood name; this name is used by family, but never by anyone else.  Such familiarity is considered the height of rudeness.  Instead, non-family members will call the child "Young One", "Child", or some other generic nickname.  Upon gaining adulthood, a Jaris will take for himself or herself an adult name by which he will be referred for the rest of his life.  Unless one is a parent or grandparent of the individual in question, calling an adult Jaris by his or her childhood name is considered an insult.

The choice of an adult name is considered one of the most important decisions a Jaris youth can make, and believe that the gods guide the young Jaris in his or her selection through dream messages.  In informal occasions, a Jaris will use just his adult name.  In more formal occasions, he or she will first list the childhood name, then the adult name, then the family name.  The childhood name is preceded by the syllable "dak" if the Jaris is male, or "dan" if the Jaris is female.  In addition, when she marries a Jaris woman takes the family surname of her husband. This name is added after her own family name, followed by the syllable "kow".

For example, upon reaching manhood, Niya Tafz might take the adult name Niyazi.  During formal occasions, he would be referred to as Dak-niya Niyazi Tafz.  His wife Fairuza Khafeeq, who was called Semra when she was a child, would be formally referred to as Dan-semra Fairuza Khafeeq Tafz-kow.  In either case, those who know them well would refer to them as Niyazi and Fairuza. 

Kuzko Naming Customs: Adult Kuzko use a relatively simple naming scheme: a personal name, followed by a cognomenal family name.  During childhood, they are known only by a single, personal name.  Upon reaching adulthood, they choose whether to carry their father's or mother's family name.  Thus, a Kuzko man named Krender, whose father's name was Urvrez Pron and whose mother's name was Jili Maritrew, might call himself Krender Pron or Krender Maritrew.

Lemenar Naming Customs: The Lemenar make do with either a one- or two-part personal name.  In either case, cognomens are only rarely used, and then only to differentiate between two people of the same name.  For example, if two men named Khohrad Toun were present, they would differentiate themselves using a descriptive that allowed others to tell them apart in conversation, such as "Old Khohrad Toun" and "Young Khohrad Toun".  When the two men separated, the descriptive would cease being used.

Nerulk Naming Customs: The Nerulk halflings each use two personal names and a patronymic cognomen.  The first personal name is given first, then the syllable "ut" followed by the father's second personal name, and last the second personal name is given.  Thus, a Nerulk whose personal name was Amer Seryan, and whose father's name was Tayert Imran, would give his name as Amer ut Imran Seryan.

Ormuz Naming Customs: The orcs and half-orcs of the former Flaming Arrow tribe use a single name.  They see no need to play with surnames, family names, bynames, cognomens, descriptives, or anything else.  Just a simple name.  After that, its up to the individual to make that name known.  If you cannot tell to whom an Ormuz is referring simply by a single name, then obviously that individual isn't trying hard enough.

Ostrali Naming Customs: The Ostrali halflings regard themselves as a relatively simple people, and thus get by using just a single name.  However, if they need to differentiate they tend to do so by using a cognomen similar to that used by some humans.  In general, the cognomen is based on a physical characteristic, a place of origin, or a profession.  They are likely to assume, disgard, replace, and reuse cognomens as the mood takes them.  Unlike the Barind, it is rare for two members of the same family having the same cognomen.

In addition to their casual use of cognomens, Ostrali also do not differentiate between male and female names; thus, Chen Rockskipper may be either the mother or father of Narser the Brown (who may in turn be either the son or daughter of Chen).

Silde/Rostok Naming Customs:  The Silde and the Rostok both use the same naming scheme.  Silde and Rostok are not named until they are a month old.  After that, the elder of the village (in the case of the Silde) or the tribe (in the case of the Rostok) gives the child its names.  Every child gains two names: the first is a personal name, while the second is the name of one of the child's grandparents of the same gender (boys after one of their grandfathers, girls after one of their grandmothers).  This personal surname is denoted by the suffix "karit" if the Silde or Rostok is male, and "karita" if female.  The personal surname is given first, followed by the personal name.  Thus a Rostok boy, might be given the name Zlatkokarit Gyozo, while a Rostok girl might be given the name Dliakarita Uzana.

Taor Naming Customs: Taoric names have three basic parts: the proname, name, and cognomen.  In the early years of the Empire, this naming scheme was used to keep social order.  Members of the elitus (citizen) class used all three parts; the peretus (non-citizen freemen) used the proname and cognomen; the sutus (slaves) used only the cognomen.  A non-citizen who gained citizenship (usually through service in the Imperial Army) usually assumed the name of the reigning Emperor as a name.  A slave who was given his freedom (but not citizenship) was granted the use of his former master's name as his own.  By the time of Emperor Caracalla, at the height of the Empire's spread, citizenship had been granted to nearly every free adult in the Empire, and the three-name system had lost its social importance.  Customs being what they are, it nonetheless continued until the modern day.

The proname was actually relatively unimportant, being rarely used.  It was passed from a father to his children.  Perhaps as a result of its general non-importance, there are a small number of pronames in use.  The name was much more important, being the name of the family to which the individual belonged.  The gender of the individual is indicated in the name; men add the suffixes -us or -ius to their names, while women add -a or -illa.  These were also passed down from a father to his children.  The cognomen was a personal name which distinguished the individual from others who might bear the same proname and name.  The same naming scheme was used for the name and cognomen, with the exception of the suffixes added to the name.  With cognomens, men add -o or -io, while women add -ia or -ippina.  In formal occasions, a Taor will refer to himself with his full name (using proname, if he has one, name, and cognomen).  In less formal occasions, he will be referred by only his name and cognomen, and among friends and family he would be known only by his cognomen.  Thus Kaeso Gallius Portio, the Duke of Callinia, only uses his full name on official documents and during a Ducal court.  Otherwise, he is referred to as Gallius Portio, or just Portio among his closest associates and family.

Vos Naming Customs: The wandering folk of the Young Kingdoms use a slightly complicated naming scheme.  Each Vos has a lengthy formal name which is only used during religious rites.  This formal name is made up of the person's name, a secondary given name, a tertiary name derived from the maternal grandmother's name if female or the maternal grandfather's name if male (which uses the -ina suffix if female and the -eva suffix if male), then a family name and finally a clan name.  Among outsiders, the Vos uses his secondary given name.  The only people who are allowed, by custom, to use (or even know) any other part of his or her name are family and friends. Thus Einaylore Nasane Lamanina Manadryal Kaec would be known as Einaylore to her family and friends, Einaylore Manadryal Kaec to other Vos, and Nasane to everyone else.