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Equipment Views

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THE SMALL BOX RESPIRATOR

The Small Box Respirator was without a doubt the single most important piece of equipment carried by a WWI soldier on the battlefields of France. The mask carried by the Doughboys was either a British mask or a virtual copy of that worn by the British. It consisted of a rubberized fabric face piece held in place by elastic straps. A supply hose ran from a canister containing a variety of filtering elements. Inside the mask was a mouthpiece similar to that found on a snorkel. There was also a clip that was placed over the nose to prevent breathing any air that was not drawn directly through the mouthpiece. A one way flutter valve on the front of the mask allowed exhaled air out but hopefully kept gas from entering the mask. The mask and filter canister were carried in a canvas bag that was worn secured in the center of the chest for easy and quick access. The entire arrangement was clumsy and uncomfortable. The masks were hot and difficult to breath through. The eyepieces tended to fog up and limit vision. Movement was restricted by the necessity of making sure the mask did not get knocked aside or damaged. These factors, aside from the casualty effects on unmasked or improperly masked soldiers are what made gas warfare so effective. The enemy could be worn down physically and morale affected by repeatedly causing your opponent to don masks


John Singer Sargent, Gassed, 1918-19, oil on canvas, 2310 x 6111 cm, Imperial War Museum, London.


Inside view of mask showing mouthpiece and nose clip


The mask shown is a reproduction and can be purchased through SCHIPPERFABRIK
Bag with 27th Division Insignia.
Post-war Victory Parade item

HELMET, M-1917



America entered the war with no helmet of its own and quickly adopted a version the British helmet. It differed only slightly in small details. The British helmet has a rubber "donut" under the felt attached to the inside crown of the helmet. The loops through which the chinstrap passes are much less substantial on the British version than on the American and the loops are attached with split rivets on the British made helmets. In outward appearence they are virtually identical except for finish. British helmets tend to have a smooth surface and can be found in colors ranging from light tan to dark green. In some British helmets stress marks can been seen from the stamping process running from the crown to the brim. American helmets have a rough textured finish created with sawdust and are usually found in various shades of olive drab. U.S. helmets with unit markings and camouflage are almost always post-Armistice.


A 27th Division helmet. These helmets were painted with the unit insignia post-armistice. They are also commonly found shellaced.

BELT, CARTRIDGE, DISMOUNTED M-1910

More commonly called a rifle belt. It held 100 rounds of rifle ammunition in 10 pockets; two 5 round stripper clips in each pocket. The top belt is of a woven construction and is called the "Mills Belt" after its manufacturer The bottom belt is of the more common sewn style. Holes along its bottom edge allowed equipment to be attached to the belt.

BELT, PISTOL, DISMOUNTED

HOLSTER, M-1916
(for the M-1911 Colt Pistol, Cal .45)



This holster is unusual in that it is marked "NY" instead of "US". It bears markings indicating use by a member of the 7th Regiment, NYNG.

POCKET, MAGAZINE, PISTOL


Used to hold two magazines for the M1911 .45 cal automatic pistol

CANTEEN, CUP & COVER


The brass equipment disk in the left view indicates use by a member of the 105th Infantry, 27th Division

MODEL 1910 HAVERSACK

The haversack carried all of a soldier's gear including shaving kit, extra socks and underwear and rations. With an attachment called the "pack carrier", the shelter half with pegs and poles could be attached to the bottom of the pack. The meatcan was carried in a pouch attached to the outer flap of the haversack. There was also attaching grommets for the entrenching tool and bayonet on the flap. The shoulder straps attached to the rifle belt to distribute some of the weight of a full ammo load.

front and rear view of M-1910 Haversack

full pack with unit markings

Unit markings were often stenciled on the meat can pouch. The crossed rifles denote infantry; the "107" and the "A" indicate A company of the 107th Infantry Regiment

ENTRENCHING TOOL and COVER

WIRECUTTER


Marked: US DCHS CO 1918
Length @ 14½"


WIRECUTTER, MODEL 1910

Length 8"

WIRECUTTERS, BRITISH ISSUE

M-1917 & M-1918 TRENCH KNIFE


Marked: U.S. L.F.&C. 1917
Blade- 9" O.A.L. 14"


Marked: U.S. 1918
Canvas covering on sheath is a field modification

PICK-MATTOX


BOLO KNIFE, M-1917


A heavy bladed chopping knife issued primarily to machinegunners for clearing lanes of fire

FIELD DRESSING POUCH

MEATCAN, M-1910 with UTENSILS & CONDIMENT TIN



Condiment tin has compartments for coffee, sugar and salt

SHAVING KIT


A clean shave was a matter of life and death for the Great War Doughboy. Facial hair would have hindered the fit of the gas mask and caused it not to form a tight seal. This is one of many styles issued. Several styles were also sold commercially. Not shown in this view is the mirror that is part of this kit.