PART 1: OVERVIEW AND HISTORY
Chapter 1 INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
Historical Background
Improved Living Standards
Industrial Society
Chapter 2 INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS
The Concept of Two Cultures
Vignettes
Chapter 3 WORK SMART, NOT HARD
Productivity and Living Standards
Productivity
Total Time for a Job or Operation
Working Smart
PART: 2 THE DESIGN PROCESS
Chapter 4 ENGINEERING DESIGN
Scientific Method
Engineering Design
Important Problem First (Pareto)
Cost Allocation
Return on Investment
Evolutionary Operation of Processes (EVOP)
Chapter 5 SEARCH
Unstructured Search
Structured Search: Systematic
Structured Search: SEARCH
Chapter 6 VALUE ENGINEERING
Concept
Techniques
Sample Applications
Chapter 7 OPERATIONS ANALYSIS
Location of One Item
Systematic Layout of Multiple Items
Balancing Flow Lines
Flow Diagrams and Process Charts
Multi-Activity Charts
Fish Diagrams
Decision Structure Tables
Breakeven Charts
Subjective Opinions
Economic Lot Size
Project Scheduling
Chapter 8 OCCURRENCE SAMPLING
Problem
Required Number of Observations
Representative Sample
Data Gathering
Data Analysis
Applications of Occurence Sampling
Chapter 9 CRITERIA
Organizations
Employees
Work Design Criteria
PART 3: SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND
Chapter 10 ANTHROPOMETRY
Fit the Job to the Person
Population Values
Statistical Calculations
Chapter 11 WORK PHYSIOLOGY
Metabolism
Cardiovascular System
Skeletomuscular System
PART 4: GUIDELINES
Chapter 12 ERROR REDUCTION
Introduction
Error Analysis Techniques
Error Reduction Guidelines
Chapter 13 MACRO ERGONOMICS
Plan the Work, Then Work the Plan
Reward Results
Optimize System Availability
Minimize Idle Capacity
Use Filler Jobs or Filler People
Communicate Information
Chapter 14 TEMPORAL ERGONOMICS
Fatigue
Shiftwork
Guidelines
Chapter 15 ORGANIZATION OF WORKSTATIONS
Use Specialization Even Though It Sacrifices Versatility
Consider Both Non-Progressive and Progressive Assembly
Minimize Material Handling Cost
Decouple Tasks
Make Several Identical Items at the Same Time
Combine Operations and Functions
Vary Environmental Stimulation Inversely with Task Stimulation
Chapter 16 WORKSTATION DESIGN
Avoid Static Loads and Fixed Work Postures
Reduce Cumulative Trauma Disorders
Set the Work Height at 50 mm Below the Elbow
Furnish Every Employee with an Adjustable Chair
Use the Feet as Well as the Hands
Use Gravity; Don't Oppose It
Conserve Momentum
Use Two-Handed Motions instead of One-Hand Motions
Use Parallel Motions for Eye Control of Two-Hand Motions
Use Rowing Motions About the Elbow
Pivot Motions About the Elbow
Use the Preferred Hand
Keep Arm Motions in the Normal Work Area
Let the Small Woman Reach; Let the Large Man Fit
Chapter 17 CUMULATIVE TRAUMA
General Comments
Hand/Wrist
Shoulder/Neck/Elbow
Back
Legs
Chapter 18 MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING
Background
Pushing and Pulling
Holding
Carrying
Lifting
Guideline for Manual Material Handling
Chapter 19 HANDTOOLS
Use Special-Purpose Tools
Design Tools To Be Used by Either Hand
Power with Motors More Than with Muscles
Use the Proper Grip
Make the Grip the Proper Thickness, Shape, and Length
Make the Grip Surface Compressible, Nonconductive, and Smooth
Consider the Angles of the Forearm, Grip, and Tool
Use the Appropriate Muscle Group
Chapter 20 CONTROLS
Select the Proper Type of Control
Select the Proper Control Characteristics
Prevent Unintended Activation
Prevent Incorrect Identification
Make Accomplishments Equal Intentions
Properly Locate and Arrange the Controls
Chapter 21 DISPLAYS
Select Legible Characters
Arrange Characters and Symbols
Decide Among Menus, Tables, Formulas, Graphs, and Symbolic Messages
Project Your Message
Select the Instrument Display
Locate/Arrange the Display
PART 5: WORK ENVIRONMENTS
Chapter 22 EYE AND ILLUMINATION
The Eye and Light
Reduction of Visual Problems
General Lighting
Special Lighting
Chapter 23 EAR AND NOISE
The Ear
Noise
Effects of Noise
Noise Reduction
Chapter 24 CLIMATE
Air Volume and Quality
Comfort
Heat Stress
Cold Stress
Chapter 25 TOXICOLOGY
Poisons
Poison Routes
Poison Targets
Poison Elimination
Threshold Limit Values
Controls
Chapter 26 SAFETY
Introduction
Reduction of Unsafe Conditions
Unsafe Acts
Medical Management
PART 6: DETERMINING THE TIME
Chapter 27 DETERMINING TIME/JOB
Why Determine Time/Job?
Establishing Time Standards
Documenting, Using, and Maintaining Standards
Chapter 28 STOPWATCH TIME STUDY
Overview
Preparation
Timing
Rating
Chapter 29 PROGRESS CURVE
Two Locations for Learning
Quantifying Improvement
Applications
Chapter 30 PREDETERMINED TIME SYSTEMS
History and Development
Methods-Time Measurement
Work-Factor
Comments on Predetermined Time Systems
Chapter 31 STANDARD DATA
Reasons for Standard Data
Standard Data Structure
Curve Fitting
Chapter 32 ALLOWANCES
Definitions
Personal Allowances
Fatigue Allowances
Delay Allowances
PART 7: IMPLEMENTATION OF DESIGN
Chapter 33 JOB INSTRUCTION/TRAINING
Problem
Medium and the Message
Training (Memorization)
Job Aids
Chapter 34 MANAGING CHANGE
Challenge of Change
Process of Change
Quality of Change
Proposing Change
Chapter 35 JOB EVALUATION
Goal of Job Evaluation
Job Description
Arranging Jobs in Order
INDEX
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