Denmark & Norway King Christian IV 1577 1588 Great Britain King James I 1566 1603 France King Louis XIII 1601 1610 Holy Roman Empire Emperor Mathias I 1557 1612 Poland King Sigismund III 1566 1587 Russia Tsar Michael I 1596 1613 Spain & Portugal King Felipe III 1578 1598 Sweden King Gustaf II Adolf 1594 16111648