All Luftwaffe units with the exception of Jagd
and Schlacht Geschwader and Gruppen, employed a four digit/letter code system. The
Jagdgeschwader units used a coding system more suited to their style of combat where quick
air to air identification was required. Stab aircraft were identified by fairly large
symbols, normally being positioned forward of the fuselage cross, or
Balkenkreuz. These
symbols were usually painted black and outlined in white, although black outline or solid
white symbols were sometimes used. These markings were fairly standardized but did have
variations and individual adaptations in actual use.
Geschwader

Geschwader Kommodore

Geschwader Adjudant

Geschwader Ia

Geschwader Technical Officer

Geschwader Major Beim Stab
Gruppe
The Gruppen Stab symbols were generally
similar to the Geschwader Stab symbols but were distinguished by not having the horizontal
and vertical bars following the chevron.

Gruppen Kommandeur

Gruppen Adjudant

Gruppen Technical Officer

Gruppen Beim Stab
The individual Gruppen were also identified by a symbol
which was positioned directly aft of the fuselage cross, except for the I. Gruppe which
did not have a symbol. These Gruppen symbols were painted on both Stab aircraft and the
individual Staffel machines. These symbols were very standardized and did not have the
variations seen on the individual Kommodore, Kommandeur, Adjudant and other Stab aircraft.
I. Gruppe

II. Gruppe

III. Gruppe


IV. Gruppe



Jabo Gruppe
Staffel
The ordinary Staffel machines were identified by a colored
number, the number identifying the individual aircraft, and the color representing which
Staffel the aircraft was assigned to. The official directive that authorized this system
specified that the code number of the aircraft should be placed forward of the fuselage
cross, coupled with the Gruppe identification symbol painted on aft of the fuselage cross.

Red 7 is either 5th or 6th Staffel,
depending on the number of Staffels in each Gruppe
(but also 8th!)
The following are listings of the colors
assigned to each Staffel, which when used in conjunction with the Gruppe symbol, would
identify the Gruppe, Staffel within the Gruppe, and the individual aircraft. However there
were many exceptions to the rule. For instance, when a fourth Staffel was added to many of
the Jagdgeschwader after August of 1944, various colors were used to identify this
Staffel, the most common being blue but also including red and green. The Staffel colors
painted on the aircraft would often depend on what paint was available and on the
interpretation of color shades by the painter.
Staffel color assignment when there
were three Staffeln composing a Gruppe
| Staffel |
Gruppe |
Color |
| 1. |
I. |
White |
| 2. |
I. |
Black or Red |
| 3. |
I. |
Yellow |
| - |
- |
- |
| 4. |
II. |
White |
| 5. |
II. |
Black or Red |
| 6. |
II. |
Yellow |
| - |
- |
- |
| 7. |
III. |
White |
| 8. |
III. |
Black or Red |
| 9. |
III. |
Yellow |
| - |
- |
- |
| 10. |
IV. |
White |
| 11. |
IV. |
Black or Red |
| 12. |
IV. |
Yellow |
Staffel color assignment when there
were four Staffeln composing a Gruppe
| Staffel |
Gruppe |
Color |
| 1. |
I. |
White |
| 2. |
I. |
Black or Red |
| 3. |
I. |
Yellow |
| 4. |
I. |
Blue |
| - |
- |
- |
| 5. |
II. |
White |
| 6. |
II. |
Black or Red |
| 7. |
II. |
Yellow |
| 8. |
II. |
Blue |
| - |
- |
- |
| 9. |
III. |
White |
| 10. |
III. |
Black or Red |
| 11. |
III. |
Yellow |
| 12. |
III. |
Blue |
| - |
- |
- |
| 13. |
IV. |
White |
| 14. |
IV. |
Black or Red |
| 15. |
IV. |
Yellow |
| 16. |
IV. |
Blue |