A
major approach to management advocated by Frederick W. Talyor
that focuses on standardized work methods and rational selection
of employees coupled with training and job development.
An
approach to compensation whereby employees are paid for each
unit of work completed.
The
study of physical action required to perform a task in the most
efficient way possible.
A
graphic illustration (usually a bar graph or diagram) that
indicates time allocations for sequential operations and traces
progress, routing, scheduling, and tasks in time intervals.
A
method of bonus compensation based on a formula that shares
profits or productivity gains among investors and employees.
A
model of organization based on defined positions, formal
authority, and a regulated environment that includes well&-documented
rules, polices, and procedures.
An
approach that explains manager's responsibilities and activities
according to general principles of management for planning,
organizing, leading, and controlling.
An
approach that explains how managers influence others to achieve
organizational objectives through human relations and
motivation.
Social
and psychological experiments conducted at Western Electric
Company during the 1920's that revealed how human relations
affected productivity.
The
concept of behavioral change as a result of an influence that
alters an individual's performance.
A
set of assumptions that employees are lazy, unambitious and must
be covered to work; hence, a managerial approach based on fear
tactics.
A
set of assumptions that employees are generally responsible,
want to do meaningful work, and are capable of self direction,
hence, a meaningful approach based on conciliatory behavior.
A
theorist who integrates concepts of several schools of
management thought to suggest improved management practices.
A
reference to Japanese management practices of consensus decision
making, quality circles, and employee participation to enhance
productivity.
A
collective association of interrelated and interdependent parts;
organizations are systems of divisions, departments, and
specialized activities.
An
approach to management that suggests leadership behavior should
be adapted to accommodate different situations, or,
alternatively, leaders should be assigned to situations that
best fit their leadership styles.
An
approach based on decision theory, use of statistical techniques
for problem solving, and application of mathematical models to
organizational processes.
An
approach to management that relies on models and mathematical
analysis to improve decision making; alternatively called the
quantitative school or operations research.
Thee
approach of quantitative techniques in production and operations
control using analytical models to improve organizations
activities.
