Monticello Middle School
Mr. Stephens
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Chapter 4
The English Colonies (1605–1735) October 7 - October 21 Overview . . . . In 1605 a company of English merchants asked the Crown for the right to found a new settlement in North America. They asked to settle in a region called Virginia. At the time, Virginia extended from present-day Maine to South Carolina. In 1606 King James I granted the request. He promised the London Company the rights to “all the lands ...rivers ...[and] commodities [goods]” along part of the Virginia coast. The company’s efforts, wrote King James, “may in time bring ...a settled and quiet government.” England’s King James I held a conference in 1604 to meet with Protestant leaders. They wanted to reform the Church of England, also known as the Anglican Church. The leaders criticized the power held by Anglican bishops. As they talked, the king grew restless. Finally, he interrupted one of the reformers and began shouting furiously. “While I am in England I will have bishops to govern the Church.” The king had plans for those who asked for reform, too. James stated, “I will make them conform themselves [become Anglicans] or I will harry [drive] them out of this land. In the early 1600s John Winthrop wrote to his wife, Margaret. He worried that “this land [England] grows weary of her inhabitants.” As an Englishman, John Winthrop was fond of his country. As a Puritan, however, he believed that the members of his church were no longer welcome in England. Winthrop believed that the time was coming when they would have to leave their comfortable life behind. He later wrote that the Puritans would have to seek a new home to “be better preserved from the common corruptions [sins] of this evil world.” The English ship the Ark sailed into Chesapeake Bay. As it did, one passenger, Father Andrew White, looked out in wonder. He called the Potomac the “greatest river I have seene, so that the Thames is but a little finger to it.” The Ark and its sister ship, the Dove, landed along the banks of the Potomac in March 1634. Most of the colonists on board were Catholic. On the riverbank, the colonists made a cross out of a large tree to celebrate their first Catholic mass in the new colony. From Indentured Servitude to Racial Slavery .
. . In the early years of the (Virginia) colony, many Africans
and poor whites -- most of the laborers came from the English
working class -- stood on the same ground. Black and white
women worked side-by-side in the fields. Black and white men
who broke their servant contract were equally punished. . . . the indentured
servants, especially once freed, began to pose a threat to
the property-owning elite. The colonial establishment had
placed restrictions on available lands, creating unrest among
newly freed indentured servants. In 1676, working class men
burned down Jamestown, making indentured servitude look even
less attractive to Virginia leaders. Also, servants moved
on, forcing a need for costly replacements; slaves, especially
ones you could identify by skin color, could not move on and
become free competitors. . . (PBS
link)
1.
What role did indentured servants and enslaved Africans
have in Virginia’s economy? |
| Assignments The following requirements must be completed. How they are fulfilled is your choice. The methods you choose must be pre-approved. "Old School" Using the Cornell Note-taking method, download Cornell Template Please complete each Review Section in the textbook as instructed below
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| Section 1 The Virginia Colony
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| Section 3 The New England Colonies
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Section 4 The Southern & Middle Colonies
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Possible Alternative Assessments To replace a test, choose one per test.
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Chapter 4 |
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What's on the test? |
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