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Monika

1. Google Search 

• Terms used "Aphthous Ulcers"
• Then Search within these results for terms "diagnosis" "definition" "pathophysiology"
• Search yielded following results;

eMedicine - Aphthous Ulcers : Article by Brett J Earl, MD www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2672.htm

Canker sores and aphthous ulcers: What causes these mouth ulcers? www.animated-teeth.com/canker_sores/t1_canker_sores.htm

Management of Aphthous Ulcers - July 1, 2000 - American Family ... www.aafp.org/afp/20000701/149.html - 42k - 26 Oct 2004

eMedicine - Aphthous Ulcers : Article by Crispian Scully, CBE, MD ... www.emedicine.com/ent/topic700.htm

2. Scirus Search

• Search terms: "aphthous ulcers" "recurrent" "stomatitis"
• Limited to "All journal sources"
• Search yielded following results: 

Aphthous ulcers (recurrent).Stephen Porter / Crispian Scully, Clin Evid, Jun 2003

Recurrent aphthous ulcers in subclinical coeliac disease. R K Patial, J Assoc Physicians India, Jan 2003

3. Medline Search (from University of Sydney Library website)

• Terms used: "Aphthous Ulcers", combined with "pathophysiology" "aetiology"
• Search limited to: English language, 1994-2004
• Search yielded following results;

• Natah SS. Konttinen YT. Enattah NS. Ashammakhi N. Sharkey KA. Hayrinen-Immonen R. Recurrent aphthous ulcers today: a review of the growing knowledge. [Review] [229 refs] [Journal Article. Review. Review, Tutorial] International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. 33(3):221-34, 2004 Apr.
• Maurice M. Mikhail W. Aziz M. Barsoum M. Aetiology of recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU). [Journal Article] Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 101(9):917-20

4. CIAP: MDConsult search

• Search terms: "recurrent aphthous ulcers" "aphthous stomatitis"
• Search yielded; 

1. CIAP

2. Google search engine

3. SCIRUS

 CIAP

• SEARCH STRATEGY- citations/e-journals
• Key Words:  betamethasone AND recurrent aphthous ulcer [mapped to USE thesaurus]

Citation Database Search

1.      Ovid MEDLINE 1966-
U.S. National Library of Medicine's citation database covering preclinical and clinical sciences covering 4500 journals
Search Results

2.      Ovid PreMEDLINE
Provides basic information before a citation is indexed with MeSH headings
Search Results

3.      Ovid CINAHL 1982-
Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health - citations from over 1200 journals
Search Results

4.      Ovid PsycINFO 1974-
Citations from over 1500 journals covering psychology and related disciplines
Search Results

5.      Ovid EMBASE 1980-
Excerpta Medica Database - citations from over 3500 international journals
Search Results

6.      Journals@Ovid
Search all Ovid journals - subject mapping not available
Search Results

7.      CIAP PubMed (MEDLINE & More)
U.S. National Library of Medicine's citation database covering preclinical and clinical sciences covering 4500 journals
Search Results

Full Journal Search

1.      Ovid MEDLINE Fulltext
Fulltext subset of MEDLINE
Search Results

2.      Ovid CINAHL Fulltext
Fulltext subset of CINAHL
Search Results

3.      ScienceDirect & Lancet
Fulltext access to The Lancet and over 60 other journals
Search Results

4.      MDConsult Journals
MD Consult Core Collection
Search Results

5.      PubMed Fulltext
Subset of PubMed citation search where full text article is available as link
Search Results

Database: Journals@Ovid Full Text <October 6, 2004>

• Search Strategy: FULL TEXT

1. ("Betamethasone" or "Betadexamethasone" or "Flubenisolone" or "Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16-methyl-, (11beta,16beta)-") and ("Recurrent aphthous ulcer" or "Periadenitis Mucosa Necrotica Recurrens")).mp. [mp=title, abstract, full text, caption text] (4)

2. limit 1 to ovid full text available (2)

3. from 2 keep 1-2 (2)

• SEARCH STRATEGY- Textbooks

• Key Words:  betamethasone spray [mapped to USE thesaurus]

• Limited to full text and human

Results: Merck Textbook Search

1.      Merck Manuals Merck Manual of Geriatrics
THE MERCK MANUAL OF GERIATRICS, Sec. 7, Ch. 56, Foot Disorders

1. Ovid Books
   Source: Drugs Facts and Comparisons Pocket Version 2004
   CORTICOSTEROIDS, TOPICAL  

2. Ovid Books
   Source: 2004 Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide
   BETAMETHASONE  

3. Ovid Books
   Source:
   Books@Ovid document  

4. Ovid Books
   Source: 2004 Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide
   APPENDIX I: Topical Corticosteroids  

5. Ovid Books
   Source: 2004 Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide
   CORTICOSTEROIDS

1. STAT!Ref
     BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE
       "B" DRUG INFORMATION
         SECTION II - DRUG INFORMATION
           MOSBY'S DRUG CONSULT&trade - 14th Ed. (2004)

2.  STAT!Ref
     CORTICOSTEROIDS (Topical)
       "C" MONOGRAPHS
         USP DI® DRUG INFORMATION FOR THE HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL - 24th Ed. (2004)

3. STAT!Ref
     8. Ear, Nose, & Throat - Robert K. Jackler, MD & Michael J. Kaplan, MD
       CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT - 43rd Ed. (2004)

• SEARCH STRATEGY- Evidence Based Medicine
• Key Words:  betamethasone aerosol [mapped to USE thesaurus]

Cochrane results

  Sort by source: All CDSR CDSRP DARE DAREC CCTR CDMR CDMRP CMR HTA EED EEDC  

1.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Disodium cromoglycate compared with beclomethasone dipropionate in juvenile asthma.1984

2.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Inhaled corticosteroid aerosols and candidiasis.1979

3.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Analysis of a new corticosteroid aerosol in treatment of contact dermatitis.1978

4.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
A comparison of oral and inhaled steroids in patients with chronic airways obstruction: features determining response.1978

5.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Oral lichen planus. A double-blind comparison of treatment with betamethasone valerate aerosol and pellets.1978

6.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Recurrent oral ulceration. A double-blind comparison of treatment with betamethasone valerate aerosol and placebo.1978

7.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Betamethasone valerate aerosol in the treatment of oral lichen planus.1977

8.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
A Double-Blind Comparison of Betamethasone Valerate Aerosol and Pellets in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus. (JDR Abstract).1977  

9.      Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
A 12-month double-blind assessment of betamethasone valerate aerosol in the management of asthma.1976

10.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Intranasal steroid aerosol in perennial rhinitis: comparison with an antihistamine compound.1976

11.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Betamethasone 17 valerate aerosol and disodium chromoglycate in severe childhood asthma.1975  

12.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Betamethasone 17 valerate aerosol and disodium cromoglycate in severe childhood asthma.1975

13.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Betamethasone 17-valerate in childhood asthma. A double-blind crossover trial in children not taking other corticosteroid therapy.1975

14.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Betamethasone valerate in the treatment of summer hay fever.1975

15.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Effect of placebo substitution during long-term betamethasone valerate aerosol treatment in asthmatic children.1975

16.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Intranasal betamethasone valerate in the treatment of seasonal rhinitis.1975

17.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Betamethasone valerate aerosol in asthmatic patients receiving long-term oral steroid therapy: double-blind controlled trial and follow-up of patients for 20 months.1974

18.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Betamethasone valerate aerosol in asthmatics previously requiring long-term systemic steroids.1974

19.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
Betamethasone valerate aerosol in children not on previous steroid therapy.1974

20.  Cochrane Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
A comparison of betamethasone valerate aerosol and sodium cromoglycate in children with reversible airways obstruction.1974  

FULL JOURNAL TEXT

• SEARCH STRATEGY: Full Journal Text

• Key Words : "aphthous" and "betamethasone"

GOOGLE

SEARCH STRATEGY 1

Key Words:  Betamethasone and aerosol

Some Results: 

• http://www.drugdigest.org/DD/DVH/Uses/0,3915,7865%7CBetamethasone+

• Skin+Aerosol,00.html#precautions

• http://www.medformation.com/ac/mm_qd.nsf/qd/dnx0041.htm

•  http://www.medicinenet.com/betamethasone_dipropionate/article.htm

• http://www.medicomm.net/Consumer%20Site/dh/dh_b4.htm

• http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/drugs_view/1,1524,672,00.htm

• Barrons R. W. Treatment strategies for recurrent oral aphthous ulcers CLINICAL REVIEW Am J Health-Syst Pharm—Vol 58 Jan 1, 2001

SEARCH STRATEGY 2

Key Words:  aphthous ulcer

Some Results:  Eric Spieler

SEARCH STRATEGY 3

Key Words:  betamethasone+aerosol mouth aphthous ulcer

• dell EW, Lim P, Bhargava R and Twitchen M. Comprehensive review of treatment for Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. 

• The UMDS Dental School and Hospital  URL: http://www.umds.ac.uk/dental/daphtrt1.html and daphtrt2.html

·  SEARCH STRATEGY 4

Key Words:  FDA; betamethasone aerosol

• http://google.fda.gov/search?restrict=&q=betamethasone+spray&site=FDA&output=xml_no_dtd&client=

FDA&access=p&lr=&ip=129.78.64.105&proxystylesheet=FDA&getfields=*&oe=&start=1

• http://google.fda.gov/search?restrict=&q=betamethasone+spray&site=FDA&output=xml_no_dtd&client=

FDA&access=p&lr=&ip=129.78.64.105&proxystylesheet=FDA&getfields=*&oe=&start=10

SEARCH STRATEGY 5

Key Words:  betamethasone spray mouth aphthous ulcer clinical trial

Some Results:

• http://www.guideline.gov/summary/summary.aspx?ss=15&doc_id=4368&nbr=3290

SEARCH STRATEGY 6

Key Words:  "betamethasone spray"

Some Results:

• http://www.epdi.org.uk/clinical/oralmedicine/common_conditions.asp

SEARCH STRATEGY 7

Key Words:  betamethasone aerosol spray

Some Results:

SEARCH STRATEGY 8

Key Words:  clinical evidence aphthous ulcer

Some Results

•  http://www.clinicalevidence.com BMJ Publishing Group

SEARCH STRATEGY 9

Key Words:  aphthous ulcer betamethasone spray

Some Results: 

• Earl B. J., Plewa M. C. et al. Aphthous Ulcers eMedicine.com Last Updated: September 24, 2004

SEARCH STRATEGY 10

Key Words:  TGA > Key Words in the TGA Website: betamethasone dipropionate

SCIRUS

Susan

1.      ciap, medline from 1996 to present

2.      ovid: typed in aphthous ulcer; map term to subject heading

3.      select 'oral ulcer' (focus) and 'aphthous ulcer.mp' as subject headings ... 341 results displayed

4.      also confined search to full text and english language ... 32 results displayed

5.      went through and found:

Field, E. A.; Allan, R. B. Oral ulceration - aetiopathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and management in the gastrointestinal clinic. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. Vol: 18(10) p. 949–962. Nov 2003

Google

Search "aphthous ulcers"

1^st link that appeared: www.animated-teeth.com/canker_sores/t1_canker_sores.htm

3^rd link that appeared: www.emedicine.com/ent/topic700.htm

Scully, Crispian. Aphthous ulcers. London. 2004

McLeod, R.I. Drug-Induced Aphthous ulcers. British Association of dermatologists. 2000, 143(6): 1137-1139

Boulinguez, S.¹; Reix, S.¹; Bedane, C.¹; Debrock, C.²; Bouyssou-Gauthier, M.L.¹; Sparsa, A.¹; Le Brun, V.¹; De Vencay, P.¹; Bernard, P.¹; Bonnetblanc, J.M.¹. Role of drug exposure in aphthous ulcers: a case–control study. British Association of dermatologists.2000,143(6): 1261-1265

1.      Go to CIAP home page http://www.ciap.health.nsw.gov.au/

2.      Click on Embase (1996-Present)

3.      Type in keyword “Aphthous ulcer”. Limit the search by tick the boxes: Full text, Human, English, Publication Years (1993-2005)

4.      Click on “perform search”

5.      There are 69 results found

6.      Go through the 69 articles found and select the articles

Natah S.S., Konttinen Y.T., Enattah N.S., Ashammakhi N., Sharkey K.A., Häyrinen-Immonen R. Recurrent aphthous ulcers today: a review of the growing knowledge. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2004, 33:221-234

Poter, S.R., Hegarty A, Kaliakatsou F, Hodgson T. A., Scully C. Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Clinics In Dermatology. 2000,18: 569-578

1.      Go to Library http://www.library.usyd.edu.au/Home.html

2.      Click on “Databases and electronic resources” and go to database A-Z

3.      Click on the alphabet M and then find Medline

4.      Click on Medline

5.      Type in keyword “Aphthous ulcer”. Limit the search by tick the boxes: Human, English language, Review articles, Publication Years (1990-2004)

6.      Click on “Perform Search”

7.      Tick explode when at “stomatitis, aphthous”. Then continue. Then press continue again

8.      There are 115 articles/ results found. Go through the found results and select a good article

Email: cbro0228@mail.usyd.edu.au