Note that some of the species has a link where you can see a picture of one.
Sciurinae
Ammospermophilus A. harrisii - Harris Antelope Squirrel; southwest USA
A. insularis
A. interpres - Texas Antelope Squirrel; Texas
A. leucurus - White-tailed Antelope Squirrel; Southwest USA; photo by Charles Ott A. nelsoni - Nelson's Antelope Squirrel (I think you need those 3D glasses to see this one); Southwest USA
Atlantoxerus A. getulus - Barbary Ground Squirrel; Morocco & Algeria
Callosciurus C. adamsi
C. albescens
C. baluensis
C. caniceps - Golden-backed Squirrel; Eastern Himalayas, Thailand, Burma, Malaya, Formosa; Photographer Unknown
C. erythraeus - Pallas Squirrel; Burma to s.e. China, Taiwan
C. finlaysoni - Finlayson's Squirrel; Burma, Thailand, Indochina; Photo by Ernest P. Walker C. inornatus
C. melanogaster
C. nigrovittatus - Black-banded Squirrel; Thailand, Malaya, Indonesia; Photo by Ernest P. Walker C. notatus - Plantain Squirrel; Thailand, Malaya, Indonesia; Photographer Unknown
C. orestes
C. phayrei - Phayre's Squirrel; Indochina, Taiwan
C. prevostii - Prevost Squirrel; Indonesia, Malaysia
C. pygerythrus
C. quinquestriatus
Cynomys C. gunnisoni - Gunnison's Prairie Dog; New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona; photographer unknown
C. leucurus - White-tailed Prairie Dog; Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona; Photo by Steven Holt C. ludovicianus - Black-tailed Prairie Dog; Midwestern USA; Photo by Texas Parks & Wildlife C. mexicanus - Mexican Prairie Dog; Mexico; Photo by BBC News C. parvidens - Utah Prairie Dog; southern Utah; Photo by Jeff Venuga
Dremomys D. everetti
D. lokriah
D. pernyi
D. pyrrhomerus
D. rufigenis - Red-cheeked Ground Squirrel; China, Malaya, Indochina, Thailand; Photo by Ernest P. Walker
Epixerus E. ebii - Temminck's Giant Squirrel; West Africa. Drawing by Clifford Lees E. wilsoni
Exilisciurus E. concinnus
E. exilis
E. whiteheadi
Funambulus F. layardi
F. palmarum
F. pennantii - Indian Palm Squirrel (India); Photo by Bert Wells.
F. sublineatus
F. tristriatus
Funisciurus F. anerythrus
F. auriculatus
F. bayoni
F. carruthersi
F. congicus - Kuhl's Tree Squirrel; Photo courtesy Christian Boix Hinzen F. isabella
F. lemniscatus
F. leucogenys - Orange-headed Squirrel; West Africa. Drawing by Clifford Lees F. leucostigma
F. mandingo
F. mystax
F. pyrropus - Red-footed Tree Squirrel; Africa
F. substriatus - DeWinton's Tree Squirrel; West Africa (Drawing by Clifford Lees)
Glyphotes G. canalvus
G. simus
Heliosciurus H. gambianus - Gambian Sun Squirrel; Africa
H. mutabilis - Eastern Sun Squirrel; Drawing by Penny Meakin H. punctatus - Small Forest Squirrel; West Africa. Drawing by Clifford Lees H. rufobrachium - Red-legged Sun Squirrel; West Africa. Drawing by Clifford Lees H. ruwenzorii
H. undulatus
Hyosciurus H. heinrichi
H. ileile
Lariscus L. hosei
L. insignis - Three-striped Ground Squirrel; Malaya, Thailand, Indonesia; Photo by Ernest P. Walker L. niobe
L. obscurus
Marmota M. baibacina - Gray Marmot; Russia, Kazakhstan; Photo by B.S.Yudin M. bobak - Bobak Marmot; s. Russia to Manchuria, Himalayas; Photo by Wouter Midavaine M. broweri
M. caligata - Hoary Marmot; northwestern USA
M. camtschatica - Black-capped Marmot; n.e. Siberia; Photo by Peter Prokosch M. caudata
M. flaviventris - Yellow-bellied Marmot; northwestern USA; Photo by Tom Beam M. himalayana
M. marmota - Alpine Marmot; Europe
M. menzbieri
M. monax - Woodchuck; eastern USA
M. olympus - Olympic Marmot; northwest Washington state
M. sibirica - Siberian Marmot; Siberia, Russia, Mongolia; Photo by B.S.Yudin M. vancouverensis - Vancouver Island Marmot; Vancouver is. (western Canada)
Menetes M. berdmorei - Indochinese Ground Squirrel; Southeast Asia; Drawing by Robert A. Askins
Microsciurus M. alfari - Alfaro's Pygmy Squirrel; Nicaragua to Panama; Drawing by Fiona Reid M. boquetensis
M. flaviventer
M. mimulus
M. santanderensis
Myosciurus M. pumilio
Nannosciurus N. melanotis
Paraxerus P. alexandri
P. antoniae
P. boehmi - Boehm's Bush Squirrel; East and Central Africa; Drawing by E. J. Bierly P. cepapi - Smith's Bush Squirrel; Africa
P. cooperi
P. flavivittis
P. lucifer - Black & Red Bush Squirrel; Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia; Drawing by E. J. Bierly P. ochraceus
P. palliatus - Red Bush Squirrel; East and South Africa; Drawing by E. J. Bierly P. poensis - Small Green Squirrel; West Africa. Drawing by Clifford Lees P. vexillarius
P. vincenti
Prosciurillus P. abstrusus
P. elbertae
P. leucomus
P. murinus
P. weberi
Protoxerus P. aubinii - Giant Forest Squirrel; West Africa. Drawing by Clifford Lees P. stangeri - Stanger's Squirrel; West Africa. Drawing by Clifford Lees
Ratufa R. affinis
R. bicolor - Black Giant Squirrel; southeast Asia
R. indica
R. macroura - Grizzled Indian Squirrel; Sri Lanka, s. India; Photo by Palni Hills Conservation Council
Rheithrosciurus R. macrotis
Rhinosciurus R. laticaudatus - Long-nosed Squirrel; Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo; Photo by Ernest P. Walker
Rubrisciurus R. rubriventer
Sciurillus S. pusillus - Neotropical Pygmy Squirrel; Nicaragua to Panama; Drawing by Fiona Reid
Sciurotamias S. davidianus - Pere David's Rock Squirrel; n. China; Photo by Pieter Stolze S. forresti
Sciurus - Largest Genus of Tree Squirrels (also includes pictures)
S. aberti
S. aestuans
S. alleni
S. anomalus
S. arizonensis
S. aureogaster
S. carolinensis
S. colliaei
S. deppei
S. flammifer
S. gilvigularis
S. granatensis
S. griseus
S. ignitus
S. igniventris
S. lis
S. nayaritensis
S. niger
S. oculatus
S. pucheranii
S. pyrrhinus
S. richmondi
S. sanborni
S. spadiceus
S. stramineus
S. variegatoides
S. vulgaris
S. yucatanensis
Spermophilopsis S. leptodactylus - Long-clawed Ground Squirrel; Afghanistan, Turkestan, n. Iran; Photo by Licht
Spermophilus S. adocetus
S. alashanicus
S. annulatus
S. armatus - Uinta Ground Squirrel; Utah
S. atricapillus
S. beecheyi - California Ground Squirrel; far western USA
S. beldingi - Belding's Ground Squirrel; California, Nevada
S. brunneus
S. canus
S. citellus
S. columbianus - Columbian Ground Squirrel; British Columbia
S. dauricus - Daurian Ground Squirrel; Russia, Mongolia, n. China; photo by Pieter Stolze S. elegans - Wyoming Ground Squirrel; Wyoming, Idaho, Montana
S. erythrogenys
S. franklinii - Franklin's Ground Squirrel; Great plains of Canada south to Kansas, Illinois, Indiana
S. fulvus
S. lateralis - Golden Mantled Ground Squirrel; western USA
S. madrensis - Sierra Madre Mantled Ground Squirrel; southwestern USA
S. major
S. mexicanus - Mexican Ground Squirrel; Texas, Mexico; photographer unknown
S. mohavensis - Mojave Ground Squirrel; Western USA, Mexico; photo by Herbert Clarke S. mollis
S. musicus
S. parryii - Arctic Ground Squirrel; Alaska, Siberia, Canada; photographer unknown
S. perotensis
S. pygmaeus
S. relictus
S. richardsonii - Richardson's Ground Squirrel; Alberta, Montana, Dakotas; photo by ME!!!
S. saturatus - Cascade Mantled Ground Squirrel; northern Rockies
S. spilosoma - Spotted Ground Squirrel; western USA and plains states, Mexico
S. suslicus - European Souslik; eastern Europe; photographer unknown
S. tereticaudus - Round Tailed Ground Squirrel; California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico; Photo by Roxie S. townsendii - Townsend's Ground Squirrel; western USA; Photo by Herbert Clarke S. tridecemlineatus - Thirteen lined Ground Squirrel; midwestern USA; photographer unknown
S. undulatus
S. variegatus - Rock Squirrel; Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado; Photo by Bob Ribokas S. washingtoni - Washington Ground Squirrel; w. Washington, n.w. Oregon; Photo by Michael Medina S. xanthoprymnus
Sundasciurus S. brookei
S. davensis
S. fraterculus
S. hippurus - Horse-tailed Squirrel; Southeast Asia; Drawing by Robert A. Askins S. hoogstraali
S. jentinki
S. juvencus
S. lowii - Low's Squirrel; s. Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo; Photo by D. G. Huckaby S. mindanensis
S. moellendorffi
S. philippinensis
S. rabori
S. samarensis
S. steerii
S. tenuis - Slender Squirrel; Southeast Asia; Drawing by Robert A. Askins
Syntheosciurus S. brochus - Panama Mountain Squirrel; Panama; Drawing by Fiona Reid S. poensis
Tamias T. alpinus
T. amoenus - Yellow pine chipmunk; northwest USA, southwest Canada; photographer unknown
T. bulleri
T. canipes
T. cinereicollis - Gray Collared chipmunk; New Mexico; photo by James Parnell
T. dorsalis - Cliff Chipmunk; w. USA; photo by G. C. Kelley.
T. durangae
T. merriami - Merriam's Chipmunk
T. minimus - Least Chipmunk; southern Canada, northwestern USA
T. obscurus
T. ochrogenys
T. palmeri
T. panamintinus - Panamint Chipmunk; photographer unknown
T. quadrimaculatus
T. quadrivittatus - Colorado Chipmunk; Colorado, New Mexico, Utah; Photo by Charles Milton T. ruficaudus
T. rufus
T. senex
T. sibiricus - Siberian Chipmunk; Russia, Korea, China, Japan
T. siskiyou
T. sonomae
T. speciosus - Lodgepole Chipmunk
T. striatus - Eastern Chipmunk; Eastern USA
T. townsendii - Townsend's Chipmunk; Oregon and Washington
T. umbrinus - Uinta Chipmunk; Utah
Tamiasciurus T. douglasii - Douglas Squirrel; British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California; photographer unknown
T. hudsonicus - American Red Squirrel; Canada, northern and western USA; photographer unknown
T. mearnsi
Tamiops T. macclellandi - Himalayan Striped Squirrel
T. maritimus
T. rodolphei - Cambodian Striped Squirrel; Southeast Asia; Drawing by Robert A. Askins T. swinhoei - Swinhoe's Striped Squirrel; n.e. China to Burma, Vietnam; Photo by Pieter Stolze
Xerus X. erythropus - Geoffrey's Ground Squirrel; West Africa (Drawing by Clifford Lees)
X. inaurus - Cape Ground Squirrels; South Africa; Photo Courtesy Nigel Dennis X. princeps - Mountain Ground Squirrel; Namibia; Photo Courtesy C. & T. Stuart X. rutilis - Unstriped Ground Squirrel; Africa
Petauristinae
Aeretes A. melanopterus
Aeromys A. tephromelas - Black Flying Squirrel; Southeast Asia; Drawing by Robert A. Askins A. thomasi
Belomys B. pearsonii - Hairy-footed Flying Squirrel; Southeast Asia; Photo by Illar Muul
Biswamoyopterus B. biswasi
Eupetaurus E. cinereus - Wooly Flying Squirrel; India
Glaucomys G. sabrinus - Northern Flying Squirrel; Canada, northern and western USA; photographer unknown
G. volans - Southern Flying Squirrel; Eastern USA, Mexico; photographer unknown
Hylopetes H. alboniger
H. baberi
H. bartelsi
H. fimbriatus
H. lepidus - Gray-cheeked Flying Squirrel; Thailand, Burma, Malaya, Indonesia; Photo by Lim Boo Liat H. nigripes
H. phayrei - Phayre's flying squirrel; Thailand, Malaya, Indonesia; Drawing by Robert A. Askins H. sipora
H. spadiceus
H. winstoni
Iomys I. horsfieldi - Horsfield's Flying Squirrel; Malaya, Indonesia; Photo by Lim Boo Liat I. sipora
Petaurillus P. emiliae
P. hosei
P. kinlochii
Petaurista P. alborufus - Red & White Giant Flying Squirrel; China, Thailand, Taiwan. Photo by Robert E. Kuntz P. elegans - Lesser Giant Flying Squirrel; Southeast Asia; Drawing by Robert A. Askins P. leucogenys - Japanese Giant Flying Squirrel; Japan
P. magnificus
P. nobilis
P. petaurista - Red Giant Flying Squirrel; southeast Asia
P. philippensis
P. xanthotis
Petinomys P. crinitus
P. fuscocapillus
P. genibarbis
P. hageni
P. lugens
P. sagitta
P. setosus - Temminck's Flying Squirrel; southeast Asia; Photo by Lim Boo Liat P. vordermanni - Vordermann's Flying Squirrel; Malaya, Indonesia; Photo by Illar Muul
Pteromys P. momonga - Japanese Pygmy Flying Squirrel (Awww! Cuuute!); Japan; Photo by Seiichi Meguro P. volans - Siberian Flying Squirrel; Finland to Japan
Pteromyscus P. pulverulentus
Trogopterus T. xanthipes - Complex-toothed Flying Squirrel; China; Photo by Wang Sung
Special Note: Please be aware that only one of these pictures are mine (Rikki, my Richardson ground squirrel). I borrowed the rest from other websites and I downloaded them to my homepager. The ones without photo credits are the ones that I didn't see any photo credits with originally.