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Exam: Chapter 13: Bones - Photographic/Matching Questions
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1
The classification of this bone is a/an
sesamoid bone
lamellar bone
short bone
irregular bone
flat bone
long bone


2
The classification of these bones is
long bones
short bones
lamellar bones
sesamoid bone
flat bones
irregular bones


3
The classification of these bones is
flat bones
lamellar bones
short bones
sesamoid bone
irregular bones
long bones


4
The classification of this bone is a/an
irregular bone
lamellar bone
sesamoid bone
short bone
long bone
flat bone


5
The classification of this bone is a/an
long bone
irregular
sesamoid bone
lamellar bone
short bone
flat bone


6 Match the letters of the following functions/descriptions with their "Terms":
TERMS
A. Flat bones
B. Irregular bones
C. Long bones
D. Sesamoid bones
E. Short bones

Boxy in shape
Found embedded in some tendons
Includes: arm (humerus), forearm (radius, ulna), thigh (femur), leg (tibia, fibula)
Includes: knee cap (patella)
Includes: roof of skull (cranium), ribs, breast bone (sternum), shoulder blades (scapulae)
Includes: vertebrae, some skull bones, and hip bones
Includes: wrist (carpals) and ankle (tarsals)
Longer than they are wide
Thin and flattened
Often with curved, pointed, and ridged surfaces
Usually small and somewhat rounded and flattened

7
Identify 1 - 5 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Compact bone
Diaphysis
Medullary cavity
Proximal epiphysis
Spongy bone

8
Identify 1 - 6 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Compact bone
Diaphysis
Distal epiphysis
Epiphyseal line
Medullary cavity
Spongy bone

9 Match the letters of the following functions/descriptions with their "Terms":
TERMS
A. Articular cartilage
B. Compact bone
C. Diaphysis
D. Distal epiphysis
E. Endosteum
F. Epiphyseal line
G. Medullary cavity
H. Periosteum
I. Proximal epiphysis
J. Spongy bone
K. Trabeculae

Consists of thin plates (trabeculae)
Consists of two regions; an inner osteogenic layer and an outer fibrous layer
Contains mostly red bone marrow
Expanded end of long bone which is closest to the point of attachment
Expanded end of long bone which is farthest from the point of attachment
Form internal framework (bony plates) of epiphyses of long bones and most other bones
Forms the longitudinal shaft (axis) of long bones
Hyaline cartilage which covers epiphyses where bones form a joint
In adults, it contains mostly fatty (yellow) bone marrow
Large cavity within the shaft (diaphysis) of long bones
Line formed by trabeculae at site where epiphyseal plate was located
Membrane which lines medullary cavity and trabeculae of epiphyses
Membrane which lines outer surface of diaphysis
Strong dense bone which forms covering of irregular, flat, and short bones
Strong dense bone which forms diaphysis of long bone

10
This bone is a/an
pronated bone
irregular ossified bone
lamellar bone
abnormally remodeled bone
demineralized bone


11 Match the letters of the following functions/descriptions with their "Terms":
TERMS
A. Compact bone
B. Inorganic components
C. Organic components
D. Spongy bone

About one-third of bone matrix
About two-thirds of bone matrix
Consists of numerous interconnecting bony plates (trabeculae)
Gives bone matrix great tensile strength
Makes bone matrix hard and non-compressible
Makes up the external surface of all bones
Makes up the shaft of long bones
Mostly calcium salts such as tricalcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite)
Mostly collagen fibers

12
Identify 1 - 6 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Canaliculi
Haversian (central) canal
Haversian system (osteon)
Lamella
Matrix
Osteocyte

13
Identify 1 - 4 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Canaliculi
Lacuna
Matrix
Osteocyte

14 Match the letters of the following functions/descriptions with their "Terms":
TERMS
A. Canaliculi
B. Haversian (central) canal
C. Haversian system (osteon)
D. Lacunae
E. Lamella
F. Matrix
G. Osteocyte

Bone cell
Bone material located around osteocytes
Centrally located canal which contains blood vessels and nerve fibers
Concentric rings of matrix which form each Haversian system (osteon)
Small canals which interconnect cell processes and the Haversian (central) canal
Small cavities, each of which contains an osteocyte
Structural units of compact bone

15
Identify 1 - 2 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Endochondral ossification
Intramembranous ossification

16 Match the letters of the following functions/descriptions with their "Terms":
TERMS
A. Endochondral ossification
B. Intramembranous ossification

Forms flat bones
Forms most bones of the body, especially noticeable in long bone formation
Replaces fibrous membranes
Replaces hyaline cartilage model of skeleton

17
Identify 1 - 5 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Fibrous membrane (layer)
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Spongy bone (layer)
Trabeculae

18 Match the letters of the following functions/descriptions with their "Terms":
TERMS
A. Fibrous membrane (layer)
B. Osteoblasts
C. Osteocytes
D. Periosteum
E. Spongy bone (layer)
F. Trabeculae

Activity modifies surfaces of flat bone into compact bone, spongy bone remains centrally located
Bone formed from trabeculae
Bone-building cells
Connective tissue membrane of embryonic skeleton
Its osteogenic layer increases thickness of bone
Mature bone cells
Plates of bone
Replaces the fibrous membrane on the surface of spongy bone (trabecular framework)

19
Identify 1 - 9 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Anterior fontanel
Anterolateral fontanel
Frontal bone
Frontal bone ossification center
Parietal bone
Parietal bone ossification center
Posterolateral fontanel
Sphenoid bone
Temporal bone

20
Identify 1 - 5 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Anterior fontanel
Frontal bone
Frontal bone ossification centers
Parietal bone
Parietal bone ossification centers

21 Match the letters of the following functions/descriptions with their "Terms":
TERMS
A. Anterior fontanel
B. Anterolateral fontanel
C. Posterior fontanel
D. Posterolateral fontanel

Formed at junction of parietal, frontal, temporal, and sphenoid bones
Formed at junction of parietal, occipital, and temporal bones
Located anteriorly and laterally
Located midline between paired parietal bones and occipital bone
Located midline between two segments of frontal bone and paired parietal bones
Located posteriorly and laterally

22
Identify 1 - 3 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Hyaline cartilage
Hypertrophic hyaline cartilage
Perichondrium

23
Identify 1 - 4 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Hyaline cartilage
Perichondrium
Periosteum (bony collar)
Primary ossification center (trabeculae)

24
Identify 1 - 4 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Metaphysis
Trabeculae

25
Identify 1 - 4 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Diaphysis
Hypertrophy (cartilage)
Metaphysis
Proliferation (cartilage)

26
Identify 1 - 4 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Epiphysis
Diaphysis
Metaphysis
Secondary ossification center

27
Identify 1 - 3 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Proximal diaphysis
Proximal epiphysis
Proximal epiphyseal plate

28
Identify 1 - 7 by matching the numbers with the "Terms":

Compact bone
Developing Haversian system
Endosteum
Fibrous layer of periosteum
Osteogenic layer of periosteum
Periosteum
Red bone marrow
Trabeculae

29
The areas shown at #1 are called
interstitial lamellae
periosteal lamellae
Haversian systems (osteons)


30 Match the letters of the following functions/descriptions with their "Terms":
TERMS
A. Diaphysis
B. Epiphyseal line
C. Epiphyseal plate
D. Epiphyses
E. Metaphysis
F. Periosteum
G. Primary ossification center
H. Secondary ossification center
I. Trabeculae

Bony plates produced by osteoblasts
First site of ossification (formation of trabeculae, or bony spicules) in hyaline cartilage model
Form framework of spongy bone
Hyaline cartilage ends of the bone
Hyaline cartilage plate between the epiphysis and the diaphysis
Layer on surface of bone which consists of osteogenic and fibrous layers
Line of trabeculae which form at the site where the remnants of the epiphyseal plate were replaced
Ossification center which forms within the central region of each epiphysis
Region between an epiphysis and the diaphysis
Shaft of the bone

31 Starting with dividing hyaline cartilage, match the letters of the following functions/descriptions in the sequence of events for longitudinal bone growth:
TERMS
A. Cartilage cells die
B. Cavities form
C. Hypertrophy (cartilage)
D. Matrix calcifies
E. Osteoblasts secrete matrix
F. Proliferation (cartilage)
G. Trabeculae form

First event
Second event
Third event
Fourth event
Fifth event
Sixth event
Seventh event


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