Even during this part of the war the Jews made use of the same old caves that had been
used in the time of King Herod and even prior to that time. Of course, they had worked
hard over the course of years to refurbish them, upgrade them, and to equip them with
enough supplies to sustain them during war. And they even made new caves and
underground systems that connected caves to other caves, and even thought to put in
escape hatches and air vents at intervals.
Try to imagine such a force that could keep the most powerful nation on earth at the
time at bay and engaged in war for 3 consecutive years; and this, from a body of
persons gathered together in a concerted effort for a common cause after having been
all but 'beaten' and wiped out for all intents and purposes previously. These people
HAVE to be acknowledged and honored for what they tried to do for the world.
The end of the war finally came with the fall of the fortress of Bethar. This apparently
happened towards the end of the summer of 135 - that most likely having been in the
month of September or so.
The Romans captured Rabbi Hanina ben Teradion in 135 CE while he was teaching the
Torah. His fate was to be wrapped up in the parchment scroll of the Sefer Torah and then
burned alive at the stake. Rabbi Akiva was captured and imprisoned at Caesarea. It is
reported that the Romans tortured him constantly and mercilessly until finally at the end,
they tore the flesh from his body with a sharp iron comb. These were REAL people who
sacrificed their lives for the sake of humanity, not a fictional character that was invented
by those who were committing a crime against humanity.
When the war was over and lost after all that had passed, those who had survived fled to
other nations and 'dispersed' in all directions (hence the term 'Diaspora' or the
'Dispersion' of the Jews). It may be noted that the Arabs had helped the Jews in the war
with the Romans and that upon the Diaspora many Jews fled to Arabia. And that when
the war had ended, many nations had recognized them for their valor and heroic deeds
against the oppressive Romans. The Jews were welcomed into certain lands then when
the war had concluded. The Jews were spread far and wide and we know that they had
even traveled as far as China and that some stayed there to live in small colonies with the
friendly Chinese. They interbred and some of their children went further to the North
and South, while some apparently went on ocean voyages. Those Jews who went to live
in China arrived there during the time of the later Han Dynasty (which was called the
'Eastern Dynasty'). The histories of the events in China during the Han Dynasty were
kept and recorded into public history by Han Chi.
It is because of the long all-out war being fought in Judea that the Romans had to install
Procurators (Roman Military Officials/Governors) there and keep supporting troops at
the ready nearby. As you can see by the chart below that lists the Roman Procurators in
Judea, there was scarcely a time when a Roman military presence was not in or near
Judea during the whole length of the war.
PROCURATORS: REPRESENTATIVES FOR ROME IN JUDEA
NAMES YEARS UNDER CAESAR
====== ====== ==============
HEROD THE GREAT................................37-4 BCE AUGUSTUS
ARCHELAUS (Son of Herod the Great)...........4 BCE-6 CE AUGUSTUS
COPONIUS (of Equestrian Order)..................6-9 CE AUGUSTUS
MARCUS AMBIBULUS..............................9-12 CE AUGUSTUS
ANNIUS RUFUS.......................................12-15 CE AUGUSTUS & TIBERIUS
VALERIUS GRATUS..................................15-26 CE TIBERIUS
PONTIUS PILATE......................................26-36 CE TIBERIUS
MARCELLUS (Friend of Vitellius)...................36-37 CE TIBERIUS (& CALIGULA?)
MARULLIUS (Brother of Marcellus?)...............37-41 CE CALIGULA
AGRIPPA 1 (Grandson of Herod the Great).........41-44 CE CLAUDIUS
CUSPIUS FADUS.......................................44-46 CE CLAUDIUS
TIBERIUS JULIUS ALEXANDER...................46-48 CE CLAUDIUS
VENTIDIUS CUMANUS..............................48-52 CE CLAUDIUS
ANTONIUS FELIX (Bro. of Pallas)..................52-60 CE CLAUDIUS & NERO
PORCIUS FESTUS......................................60-62 CE NERO
ALBINUS.................................................62-64 CE NERO
GESSIUS FLORUS......................................64-66 CE NERO
[TURMOIL IN ROME & WAR IN JUDEA]........66-70 CE NERO
GALBA
OTHO
VITELLIUS
SEXTUS VETTULENUS CERIALIS................70-? CE VESPASIAN
SEXTUS LUCILLIUS BASSUS......................? CE VESPASIAN
LUCIUS FLAVIUS SILVA............................73-81 CE VESPASIAN & TITUS
GNAEUS POMPEIUS LONGINUS..................86 CE DOMITIAN
SEXTUS HERMETIDIUS CAMPANUS............93 CE DOMITIAN
ATTICUS.................................................c. 100 CE NERVA/TRAJAN
CAIUS JULIUS QUADRATUS BASSUS...........c. 102-5 CE TRAJAN
QUINTUS ROSCIUS COELIUS POMPEIUS FALCO 105-7 CE TRAJAN
TIBERIANUS............................................114 CE TRAJAN
LUSIUS QUIETUS......................................117 CE TRAJAN/HADRIAN
QUINTUS TINEIUS RUFUS..........................132 CE HADRIAN
CAIUS QUINCTIUS CERTUS PUBLIUS MARCELLUS 133 CE HADRIAN
SEXTUS JULIUS SEVERUS..........................135 CE HADRIAN
[DIASPORA OF THE JEWS]
-----------
NOTES & REFERENCES
===================
References to the works of Flavius Josephus are keyed to Whiston's translation unless
otherwise noted.
References for the war being over the issue of slavery:
Josephus tells the truth (in a deceptive way) when he says that; "... and (I am) one who
at first fought against the Romans myself..." (Ref. Preface to the "Wars of the Jews,"
page 427). This is true NOT because he as a Pharisee fighting against the institution of
slavery, but rather because before he had instigated the war with the Jews, he DID fight
against the Romans - the "Julian" Caesars, whom which he and his family (the Pisos)
had plotted against to overthrow them so that his own family and close relatives may
rule in Rome instead!
"Whereas the war which the Jews made with the Romans hath been the greatest of all
those, not only that have been in our times, but, in a manner, of those that ever were
heard of..." (Ref. Preface to the "Wars of the Jews," page 427)
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