From: THE MYSTERY OF THE EARTH'S MANTLE, by A. Malakhov (Peace Publishers., 2, Pervy Rizhsky Pereulok, Moscow, USSR - translated from the Russian by Ekvid Sobolev, pp.96-98).
This excellent book describes the recent findings made by Russian scientists during their deep-drilling projects which were and are being carried out in the Kola Peninsula and other sites.
In the chapter titled "THERE'S NO MANTLE UNDER THE CRUST!" there appears the following information. Note: Those who believe that the Earth's interior is composed of molten rock and lava are in the scientific community referred to as Magmatists, while whose who believed in the cold-interior theory are referred to as Neo-Neptunists. Although in the past the majority of the world's geologists considered themselves Magmatists, this is slowly changing as new evidence surfaces in support of the Neo+Neptunist's hypothesis.
"There is no magma! Scientists began to come to this conclusion long before the deep hole was sunk into the famous Moho discontinuity. This conclusion became self-evident after the extraordinary phenomenon which was established and registered by instruments let down together with the drilling equipment into the depth's of the Earth's crust.
"Not much attention was attached to it at first. The temperature registered by special instruments began to behave strangely. First, the curve stopped at a certain level, and then began to drop instead of rising. At 10 kilometers below the surface the temperature was already close to zero degrees Celsius. Still deeper the temperature (of the drill) passed into the subzero range...
"This alarmed everybody. Where is the magma? What will be found when the hole reaches the Moho discontinuity? (Note: The boundary between the earth's crust and mantle, which averages about 22 miles in depth) How to account for the mistake of the engineers who planned the unit? They designed the equipment to withstand a sharp rise in temperature as it sank further down. All their work was in vain.
"New equipment had to be made in a hurry, new calculations performed, and new materials sought for super-deep drill-holes in a zone of high pressure and negative temperatures.
"Meanwhile, incredible reports came in one after another... the temperature kept on dropping with depth.
"Report from the Temperature Front - that is what the newspapers called this unusual information, which was accompanied by other data just as curious. That is when Academician Vernadsky's hypothesis, put forward as far back as 1934, was recalled... Unfortunately, the scientists, engineers and constructors who equipped the drill-hole had not taken it into account...
"And finally a record temperature was reached. The most interesting analysis was that of the core raised from a depth of 15 kilometers on the Kola Peninsula. Here the hole had passed through half the thickness of the Earth's crust. The rock raised from this depth turned out to be ordinary granite, very similar in appearance to those that crop out on the surface over a considerable part of territory of the Kola Peninsula...
"By this time the results of drilling the other holes had come in. The Urals hole was just as interesting. Here a strange kind of substance was raised from a great depth. At first scientists were baffled by the fact that over a comparatively large interval of several kilometers they had not been able to raise a single piece of rock to the surface. At the same time, a sharp odor of gasoline spread all over the area round the drill-hole
"Then one of the drill foremen suggested that special devices should be designed capable of raising greatly compressed matter from the depths. A soil pump was made, and a dense black mass was raised to the surface. It was petroleum. Petroleum compressed to the solid state.
"Hence, it was worth while prospecting for deep-seated oil in the Urals. Is petroleum, therefore, a product of the depths of the earth?
"Still more striking news came from the super-deep drill-hole in the Kuril Islands district. There the rocks of the Moho frontier were struck for the first time. The hole sank into a substance which was under a very high pressure, as expected, but at a low temperature. When the substance was raised to the surface it was found to be an ordinary piece of compressed rock of the basalt type. It contained a large amount of different metals... copper, rare elements and other metals. The Kuril hole came across no metals.
"The neoneptunists were triumphant. This confirmed their conclusions which for a long time had been considered doubtful. The world press was full of data which irrevocably defeated the magmatic theory of ore formation and mountain building.
"Now everything was in order. Textbooks were quickly revised so they no longer gave hypothetical ideas, but actual facts. Projects appear for drilling deep and super-deep shafts. Such shafts would start with an immense diameter of several scores or meters, so that they could gradually narrow to the conventional size.
"This revolution in research techniques ushered in by the five exploration holes opened out new horizons...
"...Finally, a core was raised from the zone of the zone of the Moho discontinuity, a piece of it was sent to the biological laboratory, where quite unexpectedly traces of life were discovered in it. This incredible find excited scientists even more than the hard rock and gigantic diamonds. Life does not confine itself to the thin film near the surface of the Earth. There is life at such inaccessible depths too...
BEYOND THE MOHO DISCONTINUITY
"Late at night when only the night shift of drilling engineers remained at the drill-hole on the Kuril Island, a strange thing happened, which set the whole town of drillers into a flurry. Alarms were heard on all sides. The whole town, all of its inhabitants, gathered at the drill-hole.
"Abd the drill hole really was a sight. It was al aglow with a weird bright light. Tongues of cold flame shot out of people's fingertips, then jumped to their hair. The derrick was buzzing and humming strangely. A strong smell of ozone permeated the air...
(This St. Elmo's) "...Fire arises, as a rule, when there is a high electric field in the atmosphere. Sometimes it is very high - as much as 30 thousand volts per centimeter.
"Measuring instruments were quickly put into action. It turned out in this case the electric field was unusually high, running into millions of volts per centimeter.
"Day after day the electric field recorded in the logbook rose higher and higher. The deeper the drilling equipment sank into the Earth, the higher it rose.
"Experts from all countries were unable to find the reason for this phenomenon. Only gradually, as facts accumulated, did the answer begin to come to light. The investigators of the depths had come across a constant flow of electricity, the source of which is situated in the zone near the Earth's mantle...
"This was a confirmation of their idea that the that the Earth is an immense electromagnet... "'Mankind had received a free source of electricity of unheard-of power'..."
