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Lesson

Beginners

yourself is used when you are speaking to one person (singular) and

yourselves is used when you are speaking to more than one (plural).

P~jul, did you make yourself a sandwich?

Children, make sure you dry yourselves properly.

IN SPANISH

As in English, many regular verbs can be turned into reflexive verbs

by adding a reflexive pronoun.

Roberto lava el coche.

Robert washes the car

Roberto se lava.

Robert washes himself

The dictionary lists lavar as the infinitive of to wash and lavarse as

the infinitive of to wash oneself.

Here are the Spanish reflexive pronouns:

me myself

te yourself (tam. sing.)

se himself herself yourself (form. sing.)

nos ourselves

os yourselves (fain. p1.)

se themselves, yourselves (p1. fain. and form.)

Since the reflexive pronoun reflects the action of the verb back to the

performer, the reflexive pronoun will change as the subject of the verb

changes. You will have to memorize the conjugation of the reflexive

verbs with the subject pronoun and the reflexive pronoun. For

example, let’s look at the conjugation of lavarse in the present tense.

Notice that, unlike English, where the reflexive pronoun is placed

after the verb, in Spanish the reflexive pronoun is placed immediately

before the verb.

Subject Reflexive

pronoun pronoun Verb

yo me lavo

tü te lavas

él 1

~ se lava

nosotros -~

nosotras S lavamos

vosotros

vosotras I laváis

ellos 1

ellas 5 se lavan

Uds.

Reflexive verbs can be conjugated in all tenses. The subject pronoun

and the reflexive pronoun remain the same, regardless of the tense of

the verb: él se lavará (future); él se lavó (preterite).

 

Careful

Reflexive verbs are more common in Spanish than in English; that is,

there are many verbs that take a reflexive pronoun in Spanish but not

in English. For example, when you say, “Mary washed in the

morning,” it is understood, but not stated, that “Mary washed herself.”

In Spanish the “herself’ must be stated: “Maria se lavó.” In addition,

other English verbs such as to get up have a reflexive meaning. “Mary

got up” means that she got herself up. In Spanish you express to get

up by using the verb levantarse, that is levantar (to raise) + the

reflexive pronoun se (oneself): “Maria se levantó.” You must memo-

rize the many verbs that require a reflexive pronoun in Spanish.