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The following information is found in "Boitano's Edge". Written by Brian Boitano with Suzanne Harper.


  1. BRACKET: A turn that's made on one foot, moving from forward to backward or backward to forward: during the turn, the skater changes edges counter to the circle rotation.

  2. CHOCTAW: A turn from a forward inside edge to a backward outside edge that requires a change of foot.

  3. CHOREOGRAPHY: The art of composing the movements, steps, and patterns of a dance.

  4. COMBINATION: Two or more jumps done in a row, with no steps in between, or two or more spins done consecutively without stopping.

  5. DANCE: A skating discipline in which a man and a woman focus on intricate foot-work and body movements to express the rhythm and mood of different types of music. No throws are allowed, and jumps and spins are limited.

  6. DOUBLE: Any jump that consists of two revolutions in the air.

  7. EDGES: The two sharp sides of the skate blade on either side of the grooved center.

  8. EDGE JUMP: A jump in which the skater takes off from the edge of one blade.

  9. FLYING: Extending and moving swiftly through the air.

  10. FOOTWORK: A sequence of steps, turns, hops, and changes of positions.

  11. FREE DANCE: A part of an ice dancing competition in which the couple skates for a certain length of time to music and choreography of their own choice.

  12. FREE FOOT, HIP, KNEE, SIDE, ETC.: The foot a skater is not skating on at any one time is the free foot; everything on that side of the body is called "free".

  13. FREESTYLE: A part of a singles competition in which the skater performs jumps, spins, and footwork to music. The short program, long program, and exhibitions are freestyle skating.

  14. HOCKEY STOP: A method of stopping very fast on the ice; the skater throws both heels out to the right and makes a sharp, quick turn perpendicular to the line of travel and stops.

  15. HOP: A move that consists of a lift off the ice with no revolution in the air.

  16. JUMP: A move that consists of a lift off the ice with revolution in the air.

  17. LANDING: The part of the jump or hop when the skater touches the ice after being in the air.

  18. LEAN: The body's position when it forms an angle less than 90 degrees relative to the ice.

  19. LIFT: A move in which the male skater raises his female partner over his head.

  20. LONG PROGRAM: The freestyle program in the singles and pair events; it lasts four to four and a half minutes, with no set elements.

  21. MARKS: The scores given to a skater by the judges.

  22. MOHAWK: A turn from front to back that involves a change of foot with no change of edge.

  23. MOTION MEMORY: The feel or sense within a skater's body of how to correctly perform a move.

  24. ONE-FOOT JUMP: A jump in which the takeoff and landing foot are the same and the landing is on a back inside edge.

  25. PATTERN: The path followed by a skater as seen by the resulting tracings on the ice.

  26. PIVOT: A two-foot spin with one toe in the ice.

  27. QUAD: A four-revolution jump.

  28. RADIUS: The skate blade's curvature as seen from the side.

  29. REQUIRED ELEMENT: A skating move, such as a particular jump or spin, that must be done in a short program.

  30. REVOLUTION: Turning, particularly in the air.

  31. ROCKER: A turn from forward to backward with the first part consisting of a three-turn and the second part of a bracket.

  32. ROLL: A deep outside edge.

  33. ROTATION: The process of turning.

  34. SCISSORS: Quick movement of the free foot forward and backward while executing a turn in a figure.

  35. SCULLING: Movement of the skater's feet swaying in and out in order to move across the ice.

  36. SHORT PROGRAM: A two-minute freestyle program for single and pair skaters that contains seven required elements.

  37. SINGLE: A one-revolution (or, in the case of an Axel, a one-and-a-half revolution) jump.

  38. SKATE GUARDS: The plastic protectors that are put on skate blades to protect them when skaters walk off the ice.

  39. SNOWPLOW: A beginner's method of stopping on ice by angling the heel of one foot and skidding across the blade's inside edge with both skates on the ice.

  40. SPIN: A move in which the skater turns rapidly in one spot on the ice.

  41. T-STOP: A method of stopping on the ice in which the skater puts his blades in a T position, and skids to a stop along the blades' outside edge.

  42. TAKEOFF: The lift-off edge on a jump.

  43. TEMPO: The speed at which music is played.

  44. THREE-TURN: A turn from forward to backward in which there is a change of edge; the turn rotates with the circle being skated and leaves a tracing that looks like a 3.

  45. THROW: A pairs move in which the male partner lifts his partner and propels her into the air.

  46. THRUST: A pushing motion that propels the skater across the ice.

  47. TOE-ASSISTED JUMPS: Jumps in which the free toe is placed in the ice to assist lift-off.

  48. TOE PICKS: The teeth or points on the front of a skate blade.

  49. TOUR: A journey of a skating show from town to town for a series of performances.

  50. TRACINGS: The marks left on the ice by the skate.

  51. TRIPLE: A three-revolution (or, in the case of the Axel, a three-and-a-half revolution) jump.

  52. WALTZ JUMP: A beginner's jump that involves half a revolution in the air, taken from a forward outside edge and landed on the other foot's back outside edge.

  53. ZAMBONI: The machine that shaves the ice and spreads fresh water to provide a clean surface.