Group Chytrids
-link between fungi & protists
-Some are saprobes
-Others are parasitize protists,plants & aquatic
invertebrates
-absorptive mode of nutrition & cell wall(made of
chitin)
-most form ceonocytic hyphae
-some are unicellular
-have key enzymes & metabolic pathways(common among
fungi,but not found in funguslike protists
-Most primitive fungi(belong to lineage diverged
earliest in phylogeny fungi)(hypothesis)
-fungi evolve form protists have flagella(feature
retain in fungal kingdom by chytrids)(hypothesis)
Division/Phylum: Zygomycota
Zygomycetes/Zygotic fungi
-Mostly terrestial
-Live in soil/on decaying plant & animal material
-One group forms mycorrhizae,mutualistic associations
w/ the roots of plants
-Reproduce asexually
Division/Phylum:Ascomycota
Species of ascomycetes/sac fungi
-from marine,freshwater & terrestial habitats
-Range in size & complexity
-Include pathogens
-Many are saprobes
-Some live w/ algae in symbiotic association(lichens)
-Some form mycorrhizae w/ plants
-Others live in leaves on surface of mesophyll cells
(help protect plant tissues from insects by release
toxic compounds)
-Porduce sexual spores in saclike asci
-Most bear sexual stages in macroscopic fruiting
bodies/asocarps(Unlike zygote fungi)
-Reproduce asexually by producing asexual spores
(dispersed by wind)
-Asexual spores produced at ends of hyphae(in long
chains/clusters)
-Spores not formed in sporangia(unlike the zygomycota)
-conidia-naked spores
-have more extensive dikaryotic stage(associated w/
formation of ascospores)(compared to zygomycetes)
Division/Phylum:Basidiomycota
-mushrooms,shelf fungi,puffballs, & rusts
-important decomposers of wood & other plant material
-Clublike shape gives it common name club fungus
-Includes: mycorrhizae-forming mutualists & plant
parasites
-Saprobic best at decomposing complex polymer lignin
(abundant component of wood
-life cycle includes dikaryotic mycelium
-in response to environ.tal stimuli, mycelium
reproduces sexually by making blasidiocarps (elaborate
fruiting bodies)
-Basidia of basidiocarp are sources of sexual spores
Most lifestyles of fungis include:
molds,yeasts,lichens,mycorrhizae
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