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The
Kumaon Himalaya, lying between the Kali River in the east and Sutlej in
the west, include a 320 km stretch of mountainous terrain. Much
pioneer work was done at the turn of the century followed by more modern
investigations between 1930 and 1940.
The
almost complete absence of fossils in the Lesser Himalaya leaves many
structural and stratigraphic problems unsolved, since the correlation is
based on stratigraphy alone.
This casts some doubts on certain stratigraphic interpretations.
The Lesser Kumaon Himalaya include a thrust-bound sector delineated
by two tectonic planes - the Main Boundary Fault to the south and the Main
Central Thrust to the north.
Many workers have postulated existence of the regional inversion of
sedimentary pile.
There are two elongate tectonic belts of sedimentary/metasedimentary
rocks separated by an ESE-WNW trending Almora-Dudhatoli Crystalline zone.
T he Outer Sedimentary Belt to the south of the crystalline mass is
the Krol Belt while the Inner Sedimentary Belt to the north constitutes
the Deoban-Tejam zone (Gansser, 1964), or the Jaunsar-Berinag nappe (Valdiya,
1978).
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Geological
Map of the Kumaon Lesser Himalayas (After Valdiya, 1978).
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This is an interactive
digital map in Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG) format. For more
information on navigating, click here.
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A generalised
tectonic sequence for the Lesser Kumaon Himalaya
is tabulated below:
vaikrita
Group
-------------Vaikrita Thrust-----------
Munsiari Formation
--------------Main Central Thrust------------
Almora Dudhatoli Nappe
and
Askote, Baijnath, Chiplakot and
Satpuli Klippen
----------- Almora Thrust ---------
Outer Sedimentary
Belt
Inner Sedimentary Belt
-------------Main Boundary Fault------------
Siwalik Group |
