M.A.Padmanabha Rao's

SIX FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS DISCOVERIES

IN A SINGLE PAPER

 

M. A. Padmanabha Rao Ph.D (A.I.I.M.S )         Date of birth: 19/09/1937 (Age 73 + on 19/09/2010)

Professor of Medical Physics,   Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Jolly Grant, Uttaranchal, India (2001) Head, Radiation Safety Group & Deputy Director (Sc.E), Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur , Rajasthan(1983-‘97) Lecturer in Medical Physics , Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (1964-1983). Current Address: 114 Charak sadan, Vikaspuri, New Delhi 110018, India raomap@yahoo.com    Delhi Ph: (M) +91- 9871257964

Essentially, my research work claims two more emissions from radioisotopes and XRF sources by a previously unknown atomic phenomenon :

• Bharat radiation with energy higher than that of UV at eV level, and

• UV  dominant optical emission by a previously unknown atomic phenomenon described in the paper. 

M A Padmanabha Rao,

UV dominant optical emission newly detectedfrom radioisotopes and XRF sources,

Brazilian Journal of Physics, vol. 40, no. 1, March 2010,

http://www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf

User:Raomap - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Abstract of the paper in Wikipedia:

M. A. Padmanabha Rao Charak Sadan, Vikaspuri, New Delhi 110018, India (Received on 21 ... Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Raomap" ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Raomap-

Abstract

The current paper reports first and definite experimental evidence for γ-, X-, or β radiation causing UV dominant optical radiation from (1) radiochemicals such as ¹³¹ I; (2) XRF sources such as Rb XRF source present as salts; and (3) metal sources such as ⁵⁷ Co, and Cu XRF sources. Due to low quantum yield a need arose to develop two techniques with narrow band optical filters, and sheet polarizers that helped in the successful detection of optical radiation. The metal ⁵⁷ Co spectrum observed at room temperature hinted that it could be optical emission from excited ⁵⁷ Co atoms by a previously unknown phenomenon. In order to explain UV emission, it was predicted that some eV energies higher than that of UV, termed temporarily as Bharat radiation are generated within the excited atom, while γ-, X-, or β radiation passes through core-Coulomb field. In turn, the Bharat energy internally produced within the excited atom causes UV dominant high-energy spectrum by valence excitation. As excited atoms become free from surrounding unexcited atoms by valence excitation, room temperature atomic spectra of solid radioisotopes and XRF sources became a possibility. It implies existence of temporary atomic state of solids. The experimental evidence that γ-, X-, and β radiations causing UV dominant optical emission from within excited atoms of radioisotopes suggests the possibility for solar γ-, X-, and β radiations causing EUV by the atomic phenomenon described here.

The current research took nearly 21 years: 9 yrs at the Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur from 1988 to until retirement in September 1997, and 12 yrs afterwards until publication in March 2010.  

1. Four yrs were spent from the time alarmingly highly counts were detected by bare PMT (9635QB THORN EMI) from Rb XRF source to the moment of suspicion of optical radiation when thin black polyethylene sheet was interposed between PM and Rb XRF source.
2. Two years were spent in developing two optical techniques to doubly ensure optical emission from Rb XRF source, and from other XRF sources and radioisotopes.
3. Two years were spent in conceptulating the atomic phenomenon explaining Bharat and UV dominant optical emissions.

Possibly, doing six fundamental discoveries by an individual could be a new world record in entire science in last 100 years.

The paper accounts three experimental physics discoveries :

The current work represents previously unexplored area of sub-atomic research using two types of ionizing radiation sources: (1) radioisotopes and (2) XRF sources.  Radioisotopes and X-ray fluorescent (XRF) sources come under the common category of ionizing radiation sources, yet their production process differs much from each other. Secondly, the phenomena causing gamma, beta, and alpha emissions from radioisotopes differ entirely from that of continuous X-rays from X-ray tubes or characteristic X-rays from XRF sources. That is why radioisotopes and (2) XRF sources are considered here as two distinctly different typesof ionizing radiation sources.

A surprise finding, Rb XRF source (AMC 2084, U.K.) showing 125,381 cps instead of the expected 8,800 Rb X-ray photon yield sec-1 steradian-1 led to this exhaustive study. In the absence of prior theory or any experimental study on the subject, further experiments suggested a possibility of optical radiation with low quantum yield from the source. Accordingly, the two optical techniques specially designed and developed for low light yield doubly ensured optical radiation from the Rb XRF source as well as from other XRF sources and radioisotopes tested.

What are the Six Fundamental Discoveries claimed in Brazilian paper

The first experimental discovery

UV dominant optical emission from radioisotopes present as radiochemicals.This comes under the category of 'fundamental physics discovery' since light emission from artificially produced radioisotopes was never reported by previous scientists ever since their discovery  nearly a century ago. The insight is significant to nuclear physics as important as the discoveries of gamma, X-ray, or beta radiation. The insight is significant to nuclear physics as important as the discoveries of gamma, X-ray, or beta radiation.

The second experimental discovery

UV dominant optical emission from XRF sources present as salts.The Variable Energy XRF source AMC 2084 obtained from Nuclear Enterprises (U.K.) of the size of a lemon led to two discoveries. This is the second 'fundamental physics discoverysince on a macroscopic scale, the newly detected optical radiation was not known previously from XRF sources ever since the discovery of characteristic X-rays by C.G.Barkla or from X-ray tubes used in hospitals, ever since the discovery of continuous X-rays by W.C. Roentgen, nearly a century ago. However, the author has detected UV dominant optical emission following characteristic X-ray emission from one and the same excited atoms of Rb, Ba, and Tb XRF sources present as Rb, Ba, and Tb salts in AMC 2084,U.K.

The Brazilian paper included in References of the website below

X-ray fluorescence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Jump to: navigation, search ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_fluorescence- Cached - Similar

The third experimental discovery

UV dominant optical emission from metals at room temperature when present as radioisotopes or XRF sources

Metals emitting light at room temperature could be the most revolutionary experimental finding unprecedented in the history of science. Optical  emission was detected from Cobalt metal when present as ⁵⁷Co (Amersham International, U.K.); ⁶⁰Co used in cancer treatment; and also from Cu, Mo, and Ag  metals present as Cu, Mo, and Ag XRF sources of AMC 2084,U.K.

M.A. Padmanabha Rao’s groundbreaking experiments with radioisotopes and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) sourcesat the Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur, Rajasthan State, India led to three unexpected findings, fundamental significance to X-ray physics, nuclear physics and atomic spectroscopy.   He has reported definite experimental evidence for γ-, X-, or β radiation causing UV dominant optical radiation from radioisotopes present as radiochemicals such as ¹³⁷Cs, (2) Rb, Ba, and Tb XRF sources (AMC 2084, U.K.) present as salts, and (3) metal sources ⁵⁷Co, and Cu, Mo, and Ag XRF sources notably at room temperature. These insights hinted that γ-, X-, or β radiation causes optical emission from within the one and the same excited atoms of both radioisotopes and XRF sources by a previously unknown atomic phenomenon.

In order to explain these three experimental breakthroughs, previously unexplored area of sub-atomic research into excited atoms of rdaioisotopes and XRF sources was made that led into the three following sub-atomic discoveries:

The Fourth Discovery (the predicted Bharat radiation) :

Sub-atomic research with radioisotopes and XRF sources led to an understanding that the UV dominant optical emission is the second generation of γ-, X-, and β emissions within the excited atom. That is why the first generation, implying an unprecedented emission from these sources that causes the optical emission has been conceptualized as follows. In order to explain optical emission, it was predicted that ionizing radiation first produce electromagnetic radiation with energy slightly higher than that of the detected UV radiation from within an excited atom. These wavelengths shown to exist in between X-ray and optical spectra of electromagnetic spectrum can not be called as X-rays or light say from Rb XRF source. That is why these wavelengths are termed as 'Bharat radiation' for convenience.   Location of such wavelengths 12.87 to 47.488 nm generated by Rb X-rays of Rb XRF source fall in between Rb X-ray and UV dominant atomic spectra in Electromagnetic Spectrum. Like γ-rays and X-rays, Bharat radiation thus finds a place in the Electromagnetic Spectrum. The currently available photomultiplier tubes fail to efficiently detect these Bharat wavelengths. 

The Fifth Discovery

While the basic atomic spectra of a salt is produced on heating it from an external thermal source, Bharat energies generated internally within excited atom causing new class of ‘Atomic Spectra of solids at room temperature’ never known since the inception of atomic spectroscopy could be fifth breakthrough in physics. The published paper has demonstrated that metallic ⁵⁷cobalt source emit atomic spectrum at room temperature following gamma emission from one and the same excited cobalt atoms.   Valence excitation by Bharat radiation set the excited atoms free from surrounding unexcited atoms. A new atomic state of solids comprising of all those free atoms seems to be responsible for the typical spectra observed.

UV dominant optical emission from radioisotopes and XRF sources may find a Place in the list of γ-, X-, and β emissions

Of all these insights, the optical emission detected at room temperature from metal ⁵⁷Co is the most noteworthy. The γ- ray first produces some energy higher than that of UV at eV level within the same excited metal ⁵⁷Co atom, termed Bharat radiation, which in turn causes the UV dominant optical emission.

The sixth Discovery :

New atomic phenomenon explaining how gamma, X-ray or beta successively causes two generations: Bharat radiation followed by UV dominant optical emission within an excited atom can be the sixth discovery.  

(1) Ionizing radiation, particularly γ-, X-, or β radiation energy at keV or MeV level loses energy at eV level while passing through a core-Coulomb field. The loss of energy is reproduced as electromagnetic radiation (Bharat radiation) with the same energy at eV level but higher than that of UV or EUV that the source emits.

(2) The Bharat energy caueses valence excitation resulting into UV dominant atomic spectrum. Core- Coulomb interaction of γ-, X-, or β radiation is the notable feature in this atomic phenomenon.

Key words OF BRAZILAN PAPER

Dark radiation, Bharat radiation, Radiation dose data, Nuclear Medicine patients, radiopharmaceuticals, 99m-Tc, 131-I, 201-Tl, diagnostic X-ray tubes, skin erythema, Teletherapy treatment, Dark matter, fission fragments, solar flare, Uranium fission in Sun, activation products, 56-Co, and 24-Na in solar flare , Solar EUV emission, γ-, X-, β, UV, VIS, and NIR radiation emissions, radioisotopes, XRF sources, solar flares, solar γ-, X-, or β radiations, solar EUV, room temperature, new atomic phenomenon, atomic spectroscopy, UV, VIS, NIR radiations, sheet polarizers, narrow band optical filters, AMC 2084, Thorn/ EMI 9635 QB, gamma ray spectrometer, electromagnetic spectrum, core electron, core excitation, valence excitation, core coulomb space, fluorescent emission, luminescence, incandescence.

Papers presented on UV dominant optical emission from radioisotopes and XRF sources

https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/hindu.html

https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/hindustantimes.html

https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/tribune.html

https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/dainikbhaskar1997.jpg (in HINDI)

https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/economictimes.html]

 2.    M A Padmanabha Rao, (1997)LIGHT EMISSION OBSERVED FROM IONIZING RADIATION SOURCES BY AN ATOMIC PHENOMENON, National Symposium on Contemporary Physics, November 6-8, 1997, organized by The Indian Physics Association , at Physics Department, Presidency College, Kolkata, India, https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/kolkata.html

3.  .M A Padmanabha Rao, (1998) RADIOISOTOPES AND X-RAY SOURCES EMIT FLUORESCENT LIGHT BY AN ATOMIC PHENOMENON, Proceedings of the 12^th National Symposium on Radiation Physics, (Eds. P K  Bhatnagar et al), Sponsored by Indian Society for Radiation Physics, Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur 342011, India, pp 273-276, and January 28-30 (Publisher: Hindustan Enterprises, Jodhpur 342003, Rajasthan, India). https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/jodhpur1998.html

Citation:

The effects of ultra-low dose β-radiation on the physical properties of human erythrocyte membranes,

Citation: Report of the Seventh meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Geneva, 18 to 21 May 2008 (organized by the Ozone Secretariat of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) together with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), REPORT No. 51, WMO/TD-No. 1437, p. 178 http://ozone.unep.org/Meeting_Documents/research-mgrs/7orm/7orm-report.pdf

 Authors: Carlos Austerlitz1, Vivianne Lúcia Bormann de Souza, Diana Maria Tavares Campos, Cristina Kurachi, Vanderley Bagnato2, and Cláudio Sibata,

 Journal: Braz. arch. biol. technol. 51, n.2, p. 271, Mar./Apr. 2008.       http://www.scielo.br/pdf/babt/v51n2/a06v51n2.pdf 

7.    M A Padmanabha Rao, (2002) ROOM TEMPERATURE ATOMIC SPECTRA FROM SOLID RADIOISOTOPES AND XRF SOURCES, Presented in 34 Conference of European Group for Atomic Spectroscopy , Department of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria, 2002, Editor: K.Blagoev, Institute of Sold State Physics, Europhysics Conference Abstracts, Oral Paper F2-4, p.103   https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/egas34.html

THE FOLLOWING WEBSITES ACCEPTED THESE AS LATEST FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS DISCOVERIES

   I. Bell Labs vs. the LHC  

http://scienceblogs.com/principles/2010/01/bell_labs_vs_the_lhc.php

Posted on: January 7, 2010 9:50 AM, by Chad Orzel

LATEST FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS DISCOVERIES.
My comment is on your sentense, "In the large accelerator era, I wonder if we don't need to make a distinction between "basic research" and what we might as well call "fundamental research" (though that term kind of bugs me for other reasons)". Money spent for this work was very limited that is for a Gamma ray Spectrometer, radioisotopes and XRF sources. Anyone who does fundamental research has to devote several years. The research study lasted nearly 21 years from the begining (1988) to publishing (March 2010.

The website
http://en.giswiki.net/wiki/User_talk:Raomap
is a key ro explain what are the Six Fundamental Physics Discoveries in the paper published in a peer reviewed journal:

PADMANABHA RAO, M. A..

UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources.
Braz. J. Phys. [online]. 2010, vol.40, no.1, pp. 38-46. ISSN 0103-9733.
[doi: 10.1590/S0103-97332010000100007.] [1]
http://www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf

1. The FIRST EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from radioisotopes present as radiochemicals.

2. The SECOND EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from XRF sources present as salts.

3. The THIRD EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from metals at room temperature when present as radioisotopes or XRF sources.

4. The FOURTH DISCOVERY : Bharat radiation (predicted).

5. The FIFTH DISCOVERY: Bharat radiation causing a new class of Atomic Spectra of solids (solid radioisotopes and XRF sources) at room temperature.
These Atomic Spectra of solids could be significant breakthrough in the history of atomic spectroscopy.

6. The SIXTH DISCOVERY: Previously unknown atomic phenomenon explaining how Bharat radiation, the first generation of gamma, X-ray, and beta, and UV dominant optical emission the second generation takes place from from one and the same excited atom in radioisotopes and XRF sources.

M.A. Padmanabha Rao, PhD
Former Professor of Medical Physics, New Delhi, India
raomap@yahoo.com

http://www.suite101.com/content/physics-in-canada-ernest-rutherford-a65646

therford made     great leaps in progress at McGill. Using Becquerel Rays, a method of ionization found in 1896, Rutherford’s immediate     findings in Canada were the non-penetrating alpha and penetrating beta rays."

 The website
http://en.giswiki.net/wiki/User_talk:Raomap
 is a key ro explain what are the Six Fundamental Physics Discoveries in the paper published in a peer  reviewed journal:

PADMANABHA RAO, M. A.. UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources.     Braz. J. Phys. [online]. 2010, vol.40, n.1, pp. 38-46. ISSN 0103-9733.
[doi: 10.1590/S0103-97332010000100007.] [1]
http://www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf

1. The FIRST EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from radioisotopes present as  radiochemicals.

2. The SECOND EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from XRF sources present as salts.

3. The THIRD EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from metals at room temperature when present as radioisotopes or XRF sources.

4. The FOURTH DISCOVERY : Bharat radiation (predicted).

5. The FIFTH DISCOVERY: Bharat radiation causing a new class of Atomic Spectra of solids (solid radioisotopes and XRF sources) at room temperature.   These Atomic Spectra of solids could be significant breakthrough in the history of atomic spectroscopy.

6. The SIXTH DISCOVERY: Previously unknown atomic phenomenon explaining how Bharat radiation, the first generation of gamma, X-ray, and beta, and UV dominant optical emission the second generation takes place from one and the same excited atom in radioisotopes and XRF sources.

M.A. Padmanabha Rao, PhD
Former Professor of Medical Physics, New Delhi, India
raomap@yahoo.com

III.  Discovery Channel - 100 Greatest Discoveries - Physics

raomap

1. The FIRST EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from     radioisotopes present as     radiochemicals.
2. The SECOND EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from     XRF sources present as     salts.
3. The THIRD EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY : UV dominant optical emission from     metals at room temperature     when present as radioisotopes or XRF sources.
4. The FOURTH DISCOVERY : Bharat radiation (predicted). I quote from the published     paper, "in order to explain UV emission, it was predicted that
    some eV energies higher than that of UV, termed temporarily as Bharat radiation are     generated within the excited atom, while gamma-, X-, or beta radiation
    passes through core-Coulomb field". For further details, please peruse the paper.
5. The FIFTH DISCOVERY: Bharat radiation causing a new class of Atomic Spectra of     solids (solid radioisotopes and XRF sources) at room temperature. These Atomic     Spectra of solids could be significant breakthrough in the history of atomic     spectroscopy.
6. The SIXTH DISCOVERY: Previously unknown atomic phenomenon explaining how     Bharat radiation, the first generation of gamma, X-ray, and beta, and UV dominant     optical emission the second generation takes place from     from one and the same excited     atom in radioisotopes and XRF sources.

M.A. Padmanabha Rao, PhD
Former Professor of Medical Physics, New Delhi, India
raomap@yahoo.com

Rao Effect  :   University students from Finland recognized the 'Rao effect' (X-ray source emits ) as an important physical phenomenon.  www.students.tut.fi/~viigipuu/link/elmagef/

TRITIUM EMITS EXCLUSIVELY BHARAT RADIATION

The fact that ³H did not show any optical emission validates the atomic phenomenon.  The reason being ³H has only one electron, which is in K-shell. Passage of β-emission through K-shell Coulomb field generates a Bharat photon. However, in the absence of an electron in L-shell, the Bharat photon simply escapes from ³H atom without producing any light photon by valence excitation. Unlike all other radioisotopes tested, ³H proved to be an ideal source of Bharat radiation in the absence of any optical emission. Likewise, Bharat radiation emission alone takes place from highly ionized radionuclides left with a singly filled K shell that can happen in a situation like nuclear fission.

MY COMMENTS ACCEPTED ON TRITIUM IN THE FOLLOWING WEBSITES

New Energy and Fuel
News and Views for Making and Saving Money in New Energy and Fuel

      The author was able to verify the validity of this phenomenon when 3H (tritium) did not show any optical emission on keeping a ³H ampoule directly on the quartz window of the bare PMT (9635QB Thorn EMI). The reason being 3H has only one electron, which is in K-shell. Passage of ß-emission through K-shell Coulomb field generates a Bharat photon. However, in the absence of an electron in L-shell, the Bharat photon simply escapes from ³H atom without producing any light photon by valence excitation. Hopefully, this insight might prompt others to verify the author’s experimental finding on ³H. Likewise, Bharat radiation emission alone takes place from highly ionized radionuclides left with a singly filled K shell that can happen in a situation like nuclear fission. Confirmation of this newly predicted Bharat energies higher than that of UV or EUV needs development of a PMT or some other detector sensitive enough in this energy region. While radiation dose to the person exposed to tritirm is expected to be due to beta radiation, now the Bharat radiation emission may raise the dose particularly to skin and outer layers of the body.

 M.A. Padmanabha Rao,
UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources,
Brazilian Journal of Physics, Vol.40, no.1, March 2010.
http:// www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf .

Someone's comment on my comment:

Fashion on October 28, 2010 8:38 am

By: Dave Flessner

M.A.Padmanabha Rao
UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources
www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf.

"Tritium: a source of Bharat radiation
The author was able to verify the validity of the phenomenon, when 3H did not show any optical emission on keeping a 3H ampoule directly on the quartz window of the bare PMT (9635QB Thorn EMI). The reason being ³H has only one electron, which is in K-shell. Passage of β-emission through K-shell Coulomb field generates a Bharat photon. However, in the absence of an electron in L-shell, the Bharat photon simply escapes from ³H atom without producing any light photon by valence excitation. Hopefully, this insight might prompt others to verify the author's experimental finding on ³H. Likewise, Bharat radiation emission alone takes place from highly ionized radionuclides left with a singly filled K shell that can happen in a situation like nuclear fission. Confirmation of this newly predicted Bharat energies higher than that of UV or EUV needs development of a PMT or some other detector sensitive enough in this energy region".

4. Exelon forced to clean up tritium leak at Oyster Creek nuclear plant

http://www.nj.com/business/index.ssf/2010/05/exelon_forced_to_clean_up_trit.html

Published: Friday, May 07, 2010, 12:13 PM     Updated: Monday, May 17, 2010, 2:06 PM

M.A.Padmanabha Rao
UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources
www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf

"Tritium: a source of Bharat radiation
The author was able to verify the validity of the phenomenon, when 3H did not show any optical emission on keeping a 3H ampoule directly on the quartz window of the bare PMT (9635QB Thorn EMI). The reason being 3H has only one electron, which is in K-shell. Passage of β-emission through K-shell Coulomb field generates a Bharat photon. However, in the absence of an electron in L-shell, the Bharat photon simply escapes from 3H atom without producing any light photon by valence excitation. Hopefully, this insight might prompt others to verify the author's experimental finding on 3H. Likewise, Bharat radiation emission alone takes place from highly ionized radionuclides left with a singly filled K shell that can happen in a situation like nuclear fission. Confirmation of this newly predicted Bharat energies higher than that of UV or EUV needs development of a PMT or some other detector sensitive enough in this energy region".

M.A.Padmanabha Rao, PhD
Former Professor of Medical Physics
raomap@yahoo.com
Delhi cell Phone : 91-011- 9871257964

The current study explains solar EUV, the familiar dark matter and dark radiation.

The experimental evidence that γ-, X-, and β radiations causing UV dominant optical emission from within excited atoms of radioisotopes suggests the possibility for solar γ-, X-, and β radiations causing EUV by the atomic phenomenon described here. On this basis, uranium fission in Sun seemed to be the source for solar γ-, X-, and β radiations causing solar EUV.  If fission truly happens, the fission fragments left over at the site of fission might constitute dark matter. In the context of solar flare, the predicted Bharat radiation causing UV dominant optical radiation from radioisotopes and XRF sources by valence excitation seemed to be the familiar dark radiation from cosmic sources.

COMMENTS ON SOLAR ACTIVITY ARE ACCEPTED IN THE FOLLOWING WEBSITES

NATURE .COM

Published online 6 October 2010 | Nature | doi:10.1038/news.2010.519

Declining solar activity linked to recent warming http://www.nature.com/news/2010/101006/full/news.2010.519.html

The Sun may have caused as much warming as carbon dioxide over three years.

Quirin Schiermeier

The current study has shown for the first time that gamma, characteristic X-ray, and beta emissions cause UV dominant optical emission from within one and the same excited atom of a radioisotope or XRF source by a previously unknown atomic phenomenon described in the paper. In general, atomic spectra of these sources sources exhibited two spectral features (1) UV dominance, and (2) dependence upon ionizing radiation energy. UV dominance is as high as 99.62% at 0.013336 MeV (Rb XRF source), and 98.03% at 0.05954 MeV (gamma, 241-Am), while VIS, and NIR radiation intensities will be correspondingly low, say, 0.37, 0.01% respectively from Rb XRF source, and 1.91%,0.06% from 241- Am . Though UV is predominant in general from ionizing radiation sources, UV falls from 99.62 to 83.36% when energy of maximum abundant ionizing radiation increases from 0.013336 MeV (Rb XRF) to 2.288 MeV (of beta, 90-Y). The UV dips not below 83.36 in any case, from a relatively high energy source. In the current situation, decrease in UV and rise in visible and near infra red radiations between 2004 and 2007 can be due to emission of high energy gamma, X-ray and beta radiations from certain radioisotopes formed by Uranium fission taking place in Sun (refer paper).

Posted by: M.A.Padmanabha Rao 2010-10-15 04:16:13 AM

More Auroras Linked to Increased Solar Activity

August 3rd, 2010, 06:41 GMT| By Tudor Vieru

http:// news.softpedia.com/news/More-Auroras-Linked-to-Increased-Solar-Activity-150301.shtml

Satellite data sheds new light on solar cycle http://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/climate-change/stories/satellite-data-sheds-new-light-on-solar-cycle#

Satellite data sheds new light on solar cycle

M.A. Padmanabha Rao,
UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources,
Brazilian Journal of Physics, Vol.40, no.1, March 2010.
http://www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf

The current study has shown for the first time that gamma, characteristic X-ray, and beta emissions cause UV dominant optical emission from within one and the same excited atom of a radioisotope or XRF source by a previously unknown atomic phenomenon described in the paper. In general, atomic spectra of these sources exhibited two spectral features (1) UV dominance, and (2) dependence upon ionizing radiation energy. UV dominance is as high as 99.62% at 0.013336 MeV (Rb XRF source), and 98.03% at 0.05954 MeV (gamma, ²⁴¹Am), while %VIS, and NIR radiation intensities will be correspondingly low, say, 0.37%, 0.01% respectively from Rb XRF source, and 1.91%, 0.06% from ²⁴¹Am . Though UV is predominant in general from ionizing radiation sources, %UV falls from 99.62% to 83.36% when energy of maximum abundant ionizing radiation increases from 0.013336 MeV (Rb XRF) to 2.288 MeV (of beta, ⁹⁰Y). The %UV dips not below 83.36% in any case, from a relatively high energy source. In the current situation, decrease in UV and rise in visible and near infra red radiations between 2004 and 2007 can be due to emission of high energy gamma, X-ray and beta radiations from certain radioisotopes formed by Uranium fission taking place in Sun (refer paper).

The Next Decade of US Space Astronomy

Posted by: M.A.Padmanabha Rao,PhD | October 24, 2010 2:48 AM

My comments on application of the current research to explain Sun light

http://scienceblog.com/39953/nasa-extends-timed-mission-for-fourth-time/comment-page-1/#comment-26799 

M.A.Padmanabha Rao, PhD November 7, 2010 at 1:58 am #

This comment is on the statement,” To help with this is an instrument called SEE (or the Solar EUV Experiment) built at the University of Colo., which looks at the sun’s x-rays and extreme ultraviolet rays to see how they impact our atmosphere”.  The following paper published in a peer reviewed journal claims that the sun’s X-rays and extreme ultraviolet rays are from radioisotopes (fission fragments) caused by Uranium fission taking place in sun: 

M.A. Padmanabha Rao,  UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources,  Brazilian Journal of Physics, Vol.40, no.1, March 2010.   http:// www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf .  

Due to nuclear fission, one after another the core electrons get knocked out of excited atoms in radioisotopes resulting into characteristic X-ray emission in Sun. Gamma, X-ray, and beta emissions from fission fragments cause dark radiation, (predicted) with the energy higher than that of UV at eV level, which inturn causes UV dominant optical emission from within the one and same excited atom by a previously unknown atomic phenomenon described in the paper. Therefore, the current sub-atomic research with radioisotopes and XRF sources suggests that the sun’s X-rays and EUV are from radioisotopes, in other words, fission fragments. The Earth seemed to attract EUV, and UV more towards at North and South poles due to its high gravity, while the visible light, near infrared and infrared radiations are attracted towards tropical countries like India due to low gravity.

  Press Release

NASA extends TIMED mission for fourth time

http://www.labspaces.net/107525/NASA_extends_TIMED_mission_for_fourth_time

http://www.labspaces.net/view_news_comments.php?newsID=107525&success=1#commentMessage

 
M.A.Padmanabha Rao, PhD

Wed, Nov 10, 2010, 11:08 pm CST

M.A. Padmanabha Rao,
UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources,
Brazilian Journal of Physics, Vol.40, no.1, March 2010.
http:// www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf .

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/61961/title/Warning_for_solar_flares

The Young Astronomers 

milky-ways-core-yields-strong-evidence-of-dark-matter.html

CROSS REFERENCE

DARK MATTER

M.A. Padmanabha Rao @ Sep 08, 2010 13:43:20 PM

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/61683/title/Dark_matter_eldorado

• Uranium fission fragments constitute Dark Matter in Sun, according to the following paper:
  
  M.A. Padmanabha Rao,
  UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources”
  Brazilian Journal of Physics, Vol.40, no.1, March 2010.

The puzzling Dark radiation is precisely defined in the published paper as the Bharat radiation.

RADIATION DOSE DATA

  The current study suggests that the radiation dose data may need entry of UV as one more component, besides ionizing radiations in giving radiation dose to patients. Since UV follows X-rays according to the current study, UV from diagnostic X-ray tubes may subject the patients to higher skin dose than previously thought. UV emission following γ-rays from metal ⁶⁰Co may also contribute for the skin erythema noticed in cancer patients during ⁶⁰Co Teletherapy treatment.

MY COMMENTS ON MORE RADIATION DOSE FROM CT SCAN etc

by Paul Dorio, MD

http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2010/09/radiation-risks-ct-scans-taught-patients.html

.A. Padmanabha Rao, PhD September 28, 2010 at 3:55 am

High radiation raises risk of second cancer: study

By Julie Steenhuysen

CHICAGO | Wed Sep 15, 2010 2:47am EDT

http://www.harmonizerproblog.com/radiation-levels/pilots-more-likely-to-develop-skin-cancer-due-to-higher-levels-of-uv-radiation-at-high-altitude

  M.A. Padmanabha Rao, PhD says:

M.A. Padmanabha Rao,
UV dominant optical emission newly detected from radioisotopes and XRF sources,
Brazilian Journal of Physics, Vol.40, no.1, March 2010.
http://www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v40_38.pdf

Concrete step to stop scrapyard radiation. http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Concrete+step+to+stop+scrapyard+radiation.-a0228856096

RESUME

Vemuluru, Kovvuru Mandalam, West Godavary District, Andhra Pradesh

to parents Manchiraju Veerraju (father) and Manchiraju Durgamba (mother)  

      worked   nearly 14 years Mar 1983- Sept 1997

1.   Scientist D [March 10, '83 to June 30, '92] 

       [ July 1, '92 to Sept 30, 1997]

RETIRED from Government service on 30 Sept’ 1997. 

  Professor of Medical Physics ( 3 months: August 2001 to Dec 4, 2001),

       Department of Radiology,

     Himalayan Institute   of Medical Sciences, Jolly Grant , Uttaranchal, India.

Teaching:

Clinical and surgical management of cases affected byradioactive contamination in Nuclear accidents or nuclear bombing etc.

RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS on CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE

All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi (1964 -1983)

Thyroid gland

4.    Padmanabha Rao. M. A.: Influence of thyroid functional status on gastric emptying in human subjects (in) Proceedings of the XXVI International Congress of International Union of Physiological Sciences, Vol XI,    New Delhi, 392, 1974.

No effect of Chernobyl accident (1986) on Indian human thyroids

         M. A. Padmanabha Rao, M. R. Patel, B.N.Vishnoi, S.R.Vadera, Monitoring    for ¹³¹ I in human  thyroids     following   Chernobyl    accident,     Bulletin of  Radiation    Protection 10,  No. 1-2,  89-92 (1987).  

  1.       S.M.Singh, N.S. Dutta, M.A.P.Rao : Radioisotope renography in Urology, Ind. Jour.Med.         Res. 57, 8, 1490-1506, Aug 1969. 

 In India, started isotopic means of detection of intracranial lesions (Brain tumors) and ‘imaging for imaging CSF pathways’: in patients of hydrocephalus, spina bifida etc with radioisotope ventriculography, cisternography, myelography in collaboration with Neurosurgery and Paediatric Surgery Departments at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (A.I.I.M.S.), New Delhi in 1968 :  

 NEUROLOGY  &  NEUROSURGERY

 

1.      Tandon . P.N; Rao. M.A.P ; Pathak.S.N; Dhar.J: RIHSA Cisternography in the management of tuberculosis meningitis: Monographs on tuberculosis of the nervous system, Ann of Ind. Acad Med. Sciences, 55-57, 1972. 2.  Tandon.P.N; Rao, M.A.P ;  Basu.A.K; Dhar.J; and Das.B.S.: 131 I RIHSA C.S.F scanning in paediatric neurosurgical practice, Neuroradiology, 7:119-123, 1974.   Cited by   Springrlink http://www.springerlink.com/ (bh41tc55jfkjtf45lmny1030)/app/home/contribution.asp?         Summary   Sixty children aged between one month and fifteen years were submitted to RIHSA cisternography and/or ventriculography for a variety of lesions affecting the CSF pathways. These included cases of hydrocephalus and other congenital malformations of the central nervous system, posttraumatic and post meningitic sequelae. The investigation has been found to be valuable not only in differentiating between arrested and progressive hydrocephalus but also in unmasking associated anomalies of CSF flow and pathways in cases of meningomyelocele and encephalocele. It is excellent for delineating a CSF fistula and can also be utilised to demonstrate the size and extent of a subdural hematoma or hygroma. Pathological concentration and delayed clearance of the isotope in the region underlying the skull defect was a consistent finding in all cases of growing fracture (craniocerebral erosion). Single or multiple sites of blocks were observed in cases of postmeningitic (tuberculous) sequelae.  Energy Ctations Database :Identifier: OSTI ID: 4104749    Neurosciences in India: An overview File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML clinical services for the care of those suffering from neurological disorders. ..... study provides comprehensive information on the type of epilepsy, etiology, psycho-social ...... Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Banerji AK, Pathak SN, Dhar      www.annalsofian.org/article.asp?issn=0972-2327;year...   131 I-RIHSA CSF scanning in pediatric neurosurgical practice PN Tandon, MAP Rao, AK Basu, J Dar, BS … - Neuroradiology, 1974 - Springer Page 1. Neuroradiology 7, 119-- 123 (1974) © by Springer-Verlag 1974 3'I-RIHSA CSF Scanning in Pediatric Neurosurgical Practice ... Summary   Sixty children aged between one month and fifteen years were submitted to RIHSA cisternography and/or ventriculography for a variety of lesions affecting the CSF pathways. These included cases of hydrocephalus and other congenital malformations of the central nervous system, posttraumatic and post meningitic sequelae. The investigation has been found to be valuable not only in differentiating between arrested and progressive hydrocephalus but also in unmasking associated anomalies of CSF flow and pathways in cases of meningomyelocele and encephalocele. It is excellent for delineating a CSF fistula and can also be utilised to demonstrate the size and extent of a subdural hematoma or hygroma. Pathological concentration and delayed clearance of the isotope in the region underlying the skull defect was a consistent finding in all cases of growing fracture (craniocerebral erosion). Single or multiple sites of blocks were observed in cases of postmeningitic (tuberculous) sequelae. Cited by 2 1. Cranio-cerebral erosion (growing fracture of the skull in children)  PN Tandon, AK Banerji, R Bhatia, RK … - Acta neurochirurgica, 1987 – Springer. This paper is based on a study of sixty cases of cranio-cerebral erosion treated in the Department of Neurosurgery. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi during the last 20 years. This constitutes the largest series, so far ...   Cited by 35 - Related articles - Import into BibTeX - All 3 versions   2. Nasoethmoidal encephalomeningocele demonstrated by cisternography: case report Radiology 117: 79-85, 1975 4. TANDON PN, RAO MAP, BASU AK, et al.: 131I-RIHSA CSF scanning in pediatrie neurosurgical practice. ...   Excerpta medica. Section 23: Nuclear medicine‎ - Page 222 1975 ... CSF scanning in pediatric neurosurgical practice - Tandon PN, Rao MAP., Basu AK et al. - Dept. Neurosurg., AIIMS, New Delhi - NEURORADIOLOGY <B«t> 1974 Differential diagnosis in nuclear medicine‎ - Page 88 by Edward B. Silberstein, John G. McAfee - Medical - 1984 - 318 pages ... tonate brain scintigraphy: are routine early images indicated? J Nucl Med 20 :287-290, 1979. 311. Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Basu AK,   Cross Reference in Bhatia’s paper Cranio-cerebral erosion (growing fracture of the skull in children) PN Tandon, AK Banerji, R Bhatia, RK … - Acta neurochirurgica, 1987 - Springer ... Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Basu AK, Dar J, Das BS (1974) 131I- RIHSA CSF scanning in pediatric neurosurgical practice. Neu- roradiol 7:119-123 Page 9. ... Cited by 34   Cranio-cerebral erosion (growing fracture of the skull in children) Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Pathak SN, Banerji AK, Dar J (1974). Radio-isotope scanning of cerebrospinal fluid pathways. Ind J. Med Res 62:281--289 ... https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/www.springerlink.com/index/P65201262568063J.pdf- by PN Tandon - 1987 - Cited by 35 - Radio-isotope scanning of cerebrospinal fluid pathways PN Tandon, MA Rao, SN Pathak, AK Banerji, … - The Indian journal of medical research, 1974 - osti.gov The Energy Citations Database (ECD) provides access to historical and current research (1948 to the present) from the Department of Energy (DOE) and predecessor ... Cited by 5 Excerpta medica. Section 8, Neurology and neurosurgery‎   1975 ... T. 2601 Rao M. 2365 Rao MAP. 183 Rao YC 1902 Rapin I. 3857 Rapin I. 244 Rapoport D. 3755 Rapoport Y. 3758 Raposo G. 816 Rapport MM 897 Raskin DE 3112 Diagnostic patterns in nuclear medicine‎ by Edward B. Silberstein, John G. McAfee, Andrew P. Spasoff - Medical - 1998 - 250 pages Page 60 Early and delayed Tc-99m glucoheptonate brain scintigraphy: are routine early images indicated? J Nucl Med 1979;20:287- 290. 412. Tandon PN, Rao MAP, ...   THIRD PAPER ON THE SUBJECT 3.    Upadhyaya.P; Goswamy.H.L; Rohatgi.M; Basu.A.K; and Rao.M.A.P .: RIHSA( 131 I)   scanning of cerebrospinal fluid pathways in children with myelomeningocele, Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 16, Supp No 32, 144-151, 1974. Citations General processes of radiotracer localization‎ - Page 201 by Leopold J. Anghileri - Medical - 1982 - 272 pages ... M., Basu, AK, and Rao, MAP, RISA (131I) scanning of cerebrospinal fluid pathways in children ... Also Cited in   [ Clinical radioisotope investigations in hydrosyringomyelia and myelodysplasia PV Hall, JE Kalsbeck, HN Wellman, S … - Journal of Neurosurgery, 1976 - thejns.org Radioisotope ventriculography was applied clinically in myelodysplastic hydromeyelia in three groups of patients: two patients with normal ventricles, two with obstructive hydrocephalus, and 16 with myelodysplasia. In the ...] New developments in pediatric research: incorporating papers presented at ...‎ - Page 931 by Om Prakash Ghai - Medical - 1977 - 1281 pages Upadhyaya, P., Goswamy, HL, Rohatgi, M., Basu, AK and Rao, MAP ( 197^ b): RISA Scanning of ... Aschoff A (1995) In-vitro-Tests von Hydrocephalus-Ventilen ... File Format: Microsoft Word - View as HTML Upadhyaya P, Goswamy HL, Rohatgi M, Basu AK, Rao MAP (1974) RISA (131J) scanning of cerebrospinal fluid pathways in children with myelomeningocele. ... https://www.angelfire.com/sc3/1010/www.ifknowledge.org/documents/34.doc Indian journal of surgery‎ - Page 6 by Association of Surgeons of India - Medical - 1980 Upadhyaya, P., Goswamy, HL, Rohatgi, M., Basu, AK, and Rao, MAP: RISA (I131) scanning of cerebro-spinal fluid pathways in children with ... Literatur Upadhyaya P., Goswany HL., Rohatgi M., Basu AK., Rao MAP.: RISA (131J) scanning of cerebrospinal pathways in children with myelomeningocele. Dev.Med. ... www.kiefer.ws/literatur.htm   General processes of radiotracer localization‎ - Page 201 by Leopold J. Anghileri - Medical - 1982 - 272 pages ... AK, and Rao, MAP, RISA (131I) scanning of cerebrospinal fluid pathways in children with myelomeningocele, Dev. Child Neurol., 32(Suppl. 16), 151, 1974. Acute elevation of intracranial pressure following transection of non-functional spinal cord K Winston, J Hall, D Johnson, L Micheli - Clin Orthop, 1977 - c-orthopaedicpractice.com ... M., Basil, AK and Rao, MAP: RISA (•ill) scanning of cerebrospinal fluid path- ways in children with myelomeningocele, Dev. Med. Child Neurol.    FOURTH PAPER ON THE SUBJECT Tuberculous Meningitis   4.    P.N.Tandon.; M.A.P. Rao ; A.K. Banerji; S.N. Pathak; and J.Dhar.: Isotopic scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways in tuberculous meningitis, J. Neuro sciences, 25,   401-413, 1975.   CITATIONS Isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways in tuberculous meningitis PN Tandon, MAP Rao, AK Banerji, SN Pathak, … - J Neurol Sci, 1975 - osti.gov The Energy Citations Database (ECD) provides access to historical and current research (1948 to the present) from the Department of Energy (DOE) and predecessor ... Cited by 6 Tropical neurology‎ - Page 113 by John David Spillane - Medical - 1973 - 448 pages TANDON, PN, RAO, MAP, PATHAK, SN, and DAS, BS (1970) Use of ...   Isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways in tuberculous meningitis PN Tandon, MAP Rao, AK Banerji, SN Pathak, … - J Neurol Sci, 1975 - osti.gov The Energy Citations Database (ECD) provides access to historical and current research (1948 to the present) from the Department of Energy (DOE) and predecessor ... CITATION] CSF pathways scan in tuberculous meningitis Cited by 7 - Related articles - Cached - Import into BibTeX  Seven Citations of the above paper Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome aspects of cerebral tuberculosis MK Katti… - MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR, 2004 - journals.indexcopernicus.com Cerebral tuberculosis or tuberculosis of the brain manifests predominantly as tuberculous menin- gitis followed by tuberculoma, tuberculous abscess, and other concomitant forms such as cerebral miliary tuberculosis, tuberculous ... Cited by 31 - Related articles - Import into BibTeX - BL Direct - All 6 versions Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in tuberculous meningitis AA Figaji, AG Fieggen, JC Peter - Child's Nervous System, 2003 - Springer Abstract Introduction: We report our preliminary experience with two cases of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in which endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was per- formed to treat non-communicating hydrocephalus. For many years, the ... Cited by 19 - Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in post-tubercular meningitic hydrocephalus: a preliminary … D Singh, V Sachdev, AK Singh, S Sinha - Minimally invasive neurosurgery: MIN, 2005 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Hydrocephalus is a common sequel of tubercular meningitis. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was performed in thirty-five patients. According to the duration of illness, six patients were in the early (less than 6 weeks), ... Cited by 13 - Related articles - Import into BibTeX - All 4 versions   Hyaluronidase as an adjuvant in the treatment of cranial arachnoiditis (hydrocephalus and Gourie-Devi, P Satish - Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 1980 - interscience.wiley.com Use of subarachnoidhntraventricular administration of hyaluronidase in the treatment of 15 cases of cranial arachnoiditis which occurred as a complication of tuberculous meningitis is reported. Eleven of these cases had ... Cited by 8 - Related articles - Import into BibTeX - All 2 versions RIHSA cisternography in cerebral tumours H Crevel - Neuroradiology, 1979 - Springer Investigation of CSF flow in patients with cerebral tumours is important for several reasons. The demonstration of a CSF block could help in localiza- tion, in deciding about shtmting procedures, and could indicate the feasibility ... Related articles - Import into BibTeX - All 2 versions Tüberküloz Menenjitinde Bilgisayarh Tomografi Bulgulan AE Öge, O Çoban, S Bahar, R Tolun - klimik.org.tr Klimik Derg • Cilt: 3. Sayi: 1 • 1990, s: 39-43 39 Tüberküloz Menenjitinde Bilgisayarh Tomografi Bulgulan Ali Emre Öge, Oguzhan Çoban, Sara Bahar, Reha Tolun Özet: Ни callantada 33 tüberküloz menenjiti olgusunun ... Hydrocephalus in tuberculous meningitis in children: treatment with acetazolamide and … P Visudhiphan, S Chiemchanya - The Journal of Pediatrics, 1979 - Elsevier ... Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Banerji AK, Pathak SN, and Dhar J: isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways intuberculous meningitis, J Neurol Sci 25:401, 1975 ...   PN Tandon, MAP Rao, AK Banerji… - 5th Internat Congress of Neurol Surgery, Tokyo, Japan …, 1973 Cited by 1 [ Isotope cisternography and ventriculography in congenital anomalies of the central nervous … FE Glasauer - Journal of Neurosurgery, 1975 - thejns.org ... J Indian Med Assoc (in press). 25. Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Banerji AK, et al: CSF pathways scan in tuberculous meningitis. Presented]    Schmidek & Sweet Operative Neurosurgical Techniques: Indications, Methods ...‎ - Page 1631 by Henry H. Schmidek, David W. Roberts - Medical - 2005 - 2880 pages Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Banerji AK, et al: Isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways in tubercular meningitis. J Neurol Sci 25:401-413, 1975. 107. ...   Textbooks of Operative Neurosurgery ( 2 Vol.)‎ - Page 318 by Ramamurthi, Ravi Ramamurti et al (eds) - 2005 - 1316 pages Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Banerji AK, et al: Isotope scanning of the cerebro-spinal fluid pathways in tuberculosis meningitis. J Neurol Sci 25: 401. 1975. ...   Tuberculous meningitis--a CT study birjournals.org [PDF]  S Bhargava, AK Gupta, PN Tandon - British Journal of Radiology, 1982 - Br Inst Radiology ... PJ Vinken and CW Bruyn, Part I, pp. 195-262. TANDON, PN, RAO, MAP, BANERJI, AK, PATHAK, SN & DHAR, J., 1975. ... TANDON, PN, RAO, MAP, PATHAK, SN & DHAR, J., 1973. ... bjr.birjournals.org/cgi/reprint/55/651/189.pdf - Similar by S Bhargava - 1982 - Cited by 113 - Related articles Neurology and general medicine: the neurological aspects of medical disorders‎ - Page 598 by Michael Jeffrey Aminoff - Medical - 1989 - 824 pages Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Banerji AK, et al: Isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways in tuberculous meningitis. J Neurol Sci 25:401, 1975 54.   Problems of intracranial pressure in childhood‎ - Page 282 by R. A. Minns - Medical - 1991 - 458 pages Stovring, J.. Snyder, RD (1980) 'Computed tomography in childhood bacterial meningitis. ' Journal of Pediatrics, 96, 820-823. Tandon, PN, Rao, MAP, Pathak,   Schmidek & Sweet operative neurosurgical techniques: indications, methods ...‎ - Page 1631 by Henry H. Schmidek, David W. Roberts - Medical - 2005 - 2404 pages Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Banerji AK, et al: Isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways in tubercular meningitis. J Neurol Sci 25:401-413, 1975. 107. ... RIHSA cisternography in cerebral tumours H Crevel - Neuroradiology, 1979 - Springer ... Tandon, PN, Rao, MAP, Banerji, AK, Pathak, SN, Dhar, J.: Isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways in tuberculous meningitis. J. Neurol. Sci.   Tuberculous meningitis in children: diagnosis and treatment M Gourie-Devi - Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 1981 - Springer ... Tandon PN. Rao MAP, Banerji AK, Pathak SN, Dhar J "Isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathwa,s in tuberculous meningitis.   Tüberküloz Menenjitinde Bilgisayarh Tomografi Bulgulan AE Öge, O Çoban, S Bahar, R Tolun - klimik.org.tr ... Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Banerji AK, Pathak SN, Dhar J. Isotope scanning of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways in tuberculous meningitis.   YR Yadav - journals.indexcopernicus.com ... 17. Tandon PN, Rao MAP, Pathak SN, Banerji AK and Dar J: Radio isotope scanning of cerebro-spinal fluid pathway. Ind J Med Res. 1974; 62: 281–289. 18. The Year book of neurology and neurosurgery‎ - Page 464 Medical - 1977 346 N Patton, JM, 299 Rao, MAP, 236 Payne, C., 154 Rapport, RL, II, 89 Nakayama, N., 19 Payot, M., 305 Raskin, NH, 151, 152 Nealis, J., 45 Penix, JO, ... Zentralblatt für Neurochirurgie‎ - Page 243 Medical - 1975 ... PG 66 Quisling, RG 144 Rakow, AI 152° Ranniger, K. 77° Rao, MAP 141 Rau, H. 234 Regnier, G. 63 Reichel, J. 128, 130, 131, 177*. 199*. ...

  3.    M.A. Padmanabha Rao.: Compton's back-scattered photon spectra of different scatter materials and a new technique for imaging objects with back-scattered photons and characteristic X-rays, Jour. Mysore Univ. Sec-B Science. Proceedings of the National Symposium on Radiation, Vol  No XXVI, 394-402, June 1976.

  4.   M.A. Padmanabha Rao.: Gammamotogram- A technique for recording Acilles tendon refluxes (in) Digest  of International Symposium. Biomed.Engg, New Delhi, 148-149, 1978.

  Another significant scientific accomplishment

Detected gaseous activity from Chernobyl reactor accident in 1986

Defence Laboratory (DRDO, Ministry of Defence), Jodhpur, Rajasthan State has procured earlier the Radioactive Gas Monitor RGM1 from Nuclear Enterprises, U.K. intended for tritium monitoring.  The Chernobyl Reactor accident occurred on 26 April 1986 but appeared in Indian Dailies two or three days later.  On the fourth day of Chernobyl Reactor accident, 30th April 1986, me and my colleague Kanaram Senwar tried to see whether this monitor really detects any radioactivity from Chernobyl.  Such type of accidents were not heard of taking place in Asia in my life time. We were not sure what kind of activity can be detected 2000 km away in India. Surprisingly, the monitor RGM1 showed sudden surge of radioactivity never seen before April 1986, but persisted in atmosphere even in 1987.  We were unsure what exactly the the tritium monitor has  detected.  Subsequently, a scientist from Canada  India Reactor helped me in interpreting the  data.  He disclosed that the monitor has detected ¹³³Xe, ⁸⁵Kr and ¹³¹I in gaseous form (peruse Abstract here).

M.A.Padmanabha Rao and fellow colleague Kanaram Senwar of the Defence Laboratory (Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence), Jodhpur, Rajasthan State were the only scientists in India who reported detection of gaseous atmospheric activity from Chernobyl reactor accident occurred on 26 April, 1986 that was present in atmosphere for two years 1986 and 1987 at Jodhpur in India in National Conference on Radiation Protection held in February 14-16, 1991 at Tarapur, Maharashtra State, India. This could be the only report on gaseous activity  in South East Asia.

The following one is the copy of the above picture in black.

The following data reveals a fall in gaseous  activity two years after the Chernobyl

Reactor accident in Indian atmosphere at Jodhpur in Rajasthan State in 1988 and 1989 as compared to the levels in 1986 and 1987.

No effect of Chernobyl accident on Indian human thyroids.

On testing the thyroid gland of some normal persons with well collimated scintillation detector keeping slightly away from the throid, as is the practice in Nuclear Medicine,  no detectable ¹³¹I from Chernobyl reactor accident was noticed  (However, trace quantities of ¹³¹I was reported by BARC scientists when intro testing was done on goats thyroids).

 

A  NEW TECHNIQUE  FORCOPYING OF NEUROANGIOGRAPHY IMAGES:  M.A. Padmanabha Rao.: A techniques for copying X-ray images by Xerographic process, Ind. J. Radiol, No 34, No 4, Nov 1980.     Neuroangiography of a patient Photostat Copy (newly developed by me then ) of the same Neuroangiography Photostat Copy (newly developed by me then ) of the Neuroangiography of the same patient Citation      Index Medicus for South-East Asia Region (IMSEAR): Summary: A technique for copying X-ray image by xerographic process was developed. A comparison between xerographic copy and photocopy of aselective internal carotid angiogram showing arterial phase revealedenchanced contrast of arteries in xerographic copy. The currenttechnique is simple, has easy access, high speed, and foremost of allenhanced contrast over a photocopy. The versatility of the techniqueover other is discussed. Subjects: Copying processes ID: IMSEAR000701 Maintained by:  WHO SEARO Library   International Nuclear Information System (INIS) A technique for copying X-ray image by xerographic process Padmanabha Rao, M. A. Indian J. Radiol. (Nov 1980). v. 34(4) p. 314-316 1980-01-01 A technique for copying X-ray image by xerographic process was developed. A comparison between xerographic copy and photocopy of a selective internal carotid angiogram showing arterial phase revealed enhanced contrast of arteries in xerogra…

PAPERS PUBLISHED at DEFENCE LABORATORY, JODHPUR after March 1983

The chapter describes a methodology as how to select the best scintillator for making plastic scintillator:

  M. A. Padmanabha Rao , M.R.Patel, Beta excitation of a organic scintillator in  powder form  in "Luminescence: Phenomena Materials and Devices, (Ed) R.P.Rao, Nova Science Publishers Inc., New York , 1991. [ Find in a Library: Luminescence : phenomena, materials, and devices .. . and devices • Author: R P Rao • Publisher: Commack, N ... Trojan, M . Kaplanova and M . M . Rao -- Electroluminescence of ... powder form /耟 o and M . R . Patel . •. Library ... http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/72d19a9837144226a19afeb4da09e526.html ]

M.A. Padmanabha Rao , The rise in incidence of tuberculosis attributable to radiation exposure: its   consequences and suggestions. Rad. Prot. Dosim(UK), 35, No  4, 272-273 (1991).

Made ‘thick scintillator ‘ equal in performance with the British make:

 

Thin Plastic Scintillator made by Nuclear Enterprises, U.K. (left). Thin Plastic Scintillator made by me and   M.R.Patel at Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India (right)

Made better ‘Thin Scintillator’ than the British make:

M.A.Padmanabha Rao, Dinesh Bohra, and Arvind Parihar, Comparison of light gain over charge gain measurements with the Berthold Tritium Surface Contamination Monitor, Bulletin of Radiation Protection (Bull Rad. Prot.) Vol 13, No 1, Jan-Mar,1990 .

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Comparison of light gain over charge gain measurements with Berthold tritium surface contamination monitor

Padmanabha Rao, M. A.; Bohra, Dinesh; Parihar, Arvind, Bull. Radiat. Prot. (Jan-Mar 1990). v. 13(1) p. 39-42 1990-01-01

Berthold Tritium Surface Contamination Monitor LB 1210 B is a portable instrument that consists of a gas flow probe LB 6255, a P-10 gas cylinder, and a battery operated ratemeter. An investigation has been made in the current study to see w…

Novel use of gas flow proportional counter from Germany

Smithsonian/NASA ADS Physics Abstract Service

Publication Date: 08/1992

(c) 1992 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1016/0168-9002(92)90800-J

Electronic Article Available from Elsevier Science. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?bibcode=1992NIMPA.320..393B&db_key=PHY#feedback

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The photomultiplier as a beta detector

Bohra, D.; Parihar, A.; Padmanabha Rao, M. A.

Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A. (15 Aug 1992). v. 320(1/2) p. 393-395 1992-01-01

Investigation on the photomultiplier (PM) 9635QB from Thorn EMI connected to a preamplifier revealed that it itself serves as an independent detector for external beta activity of which the performance has not been investigated by others si…

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