NAME:
____________________
OVERVIEW OF THE
GLOBAL FOOD SYSTEM: CHANGES OVER TIME/SPACE AND LESSONS FOR FUTURE FOOD SAFETY
1. The
ability to produce a surplus of grain also set the stage for the development of
______ , _____________, and government.
2. The
emergence of _____________________ has been a major driver of food
system changes, bringing together large populations within defined boundaries
and requiring complex governance to deliver sufficient quantities and quality
of food.
3. Transportation
breakthroughs were ushered in during the industrial age: _____________ systems,
improved roadways, steam engines used for traction, railroads, and steamships.
4. ____________
was one of the early food preservation methods,
certainly known in ancient times. ________________ also
was an early method of food preservation, with pasteurization applied to wine
in China as early as 1117. ____________ of food has
been used for at least 500 years, beginning when the fishing fleets from Europe
used drying and salting to store fish caught in Newfoundland and the Grand
Banks in order to get them back to consumers in Europe.
5. Two
preservation methods, ____________ and ____________, allowed food to be stored
and transported in an almost-fresh state.
6. ________
storage was developed in northern climates where _________
could be cut from lakes in the winter for use later in the year. Commercial ________________
followed in the 1800s. The first refrigerated ship, the SS Dunedin in 1882,
revolutionized the meat and dairy industries in Australia and New Zealand.
Refrigerated and frozen food products now could be traded globally.
7. Advances
in plant and animal _______________ control also helped, such as the movement
of pigs and poultry indoors to decrease _______________ exposure and to enhance
efficiency by controlling the environment.
8. Trade
underwent dramatic changes in the 20th century as a result of the two ____________
__________. The _________-associated food shortages, economic crises, and
disease spread set the stage for global trade agreements and organizations
designed to address global public good issues.
9. The
increasing consumer demand for Ò_______________Ó foods has fueled
the growth of quick service restaurants and fully cooked, frozen dishes that
only require reheating, further expanding supply chains.
10. Food
systems are integrally related to food safety. ______________ can occur at any point in the food system, and ______________
and control strategies can be implemented at any point.
11. The
scale and complexities of today's food systems contribute to the likelihood and
magnitude of food-borne ____________. The more complex, the
more opportunities for things to go wrong; the larger
the scale, the more people are potentially affected.
12. Over
the next 10 to 20 years, Food systems
will continue to change, although with additional drivers. Name two of these
additional drivers.
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13. Over
the next 10 to 20 years, Food systems
will continue to shift from being supply driven to being ____________ driven.
14. Consumer
groups demanding safety, _________ trade, Ò_________Ó production, and ___________
welfare-related changes in production practices put pressure on policy makers
and retailers.