Name: ________________________

Chapter 20 Construction Technology (Notes)

1. Our early ancestors lived in natural features of nature, such as in ________________ and under _______________ .

2. People who moved in search of food needed simple, _______________________ structures .

3. People who farmed or lived in any area with ample food supplies built more _____________________ structures .

4. Shelter protects us from ______________________ and ____________________ ___________________ .

5. Distinguish between a single family dwelling, a duplex and a condominium.

6. Commercial buildings are places where commerce occurs. What type of businesses might you see in a commercial building?

7. What type of activities occur in industrial structures?

8. What factors must builders consider when selecting a design for a structure?

9. What activities are often necessary to prepare a site for a new structure?

10. A constructed structure has two major parts. There is the substructure below the ground often called the __________________________ . The other part is the _________________________________ , which is usually seen above the ground.

11. What are the two functions of the substructure ?

12. Draw a Spread Foundation.

13. Draw a Raft Foundation.

14. Draw a Pile Foundation.

15. A ________________________________ or superstructure is the part of structure built on top of the foundation.

16. The floor framing consists of joints that extend from one wall to the other placed on edge and nailed to a header. If the span is too great for the joist, extra support may be needed called a __________________________ .

17. In most houses, walls are made of wood framing. Recently, _____________________ framing is being used in some homes.

18. Headers are beams placed above door and window openings. What is their function?

19. The roof framing members are called ____________________________ .

20. _____________________________ are manufactured elements that include the ceiling joists and rafters.

21. _____________________________ encloses and strengthens the frame. This is usually 4’ X 8’ sheet material, such as OSB, plywood, or similar material.

22. What types of materials are shingles made out of?

23. What is the function of insulation?

24. List, in order, the tasks that must be completed to finish the interior.

1. 2.

3.

4. 5.

25. List, in order, the tasks that must be completed to finish the site.

1. 2.

3. 4.