Text of the U.S. History Unit III Review

What was the “square deal?”

Teddy Roosevelt’s efforts to protect rights of workers & common people

How was the 1902 Coal Strike a favorable turn for organized labor?

Roosevelt forced the two sides to come together & negotiate instead of siding with management (Government intervention when strike threatens public interest)

What is the NAWSA? What was its goal?

National Americans Women Suffrage Association, the vote for women

Which amendment gave woman the right to vote? When was it passed?

19th amendment, 1920

Who was the leader of the work for labor reform?

Florence Kelly

Identify two ways progressives tried to help working people.

10 hour work day, end child labor, improved workplace safety

What was the purpose of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?

regulate trusts and monopolies

Which 1914 law strengthened Sherman and extended protection to workers and farm organizations?

Clayton Anti-Trust Act

Who founded the NAACP? What was it’s purpose?

W.E.B. DuBois, to gain greater political/social equality for blacks

Which amendment outlawed the use of alcohol? What movement pushed for this?

The 18th amendment, temperance

Which amendment provided direct election of Senators? Why was this important?

The 17th amendment, took power out of the hands of state legislatures & in hands of people

What woman opposed slavery & had a strong impact on the start of the women's suffrage movement?

Susan B. Anthony

Name two things the Muckrakers exposed.

Corruption in politicians, poor working/living conditions, unsafe food/drugs, trusts/monopolies

What was the purpose of the Meat Inspections Act?

It insured that meats were prepared under proper sanitary conditions to protect consumers

What party ran Teddy Roosevelt as its candidate & pushed for the 8 hour day, workmen’s comp-ensation, and women’s suffrage?

Bull Moose Party (election of 1912)

What group wanted to set aside large pieces of land for national parks? What president was associated with this?

Conservationists, Teddy Roosevelt

Who started the “settlement house” movement to help care for poor women and children?

Jane Addams

Name two steps taken by progressives to eliminate political corruption.

recall, referendum, initiative, primaries

What kinds of steps did “reform mayors” take to clean up their communities?

Works programs, government control of transportation & utilities, open meetings

Identify two of President Wilson’s big financial reforms.

Income Tax, Federal Reserve System (centralized banking), lower tariffs

Name two reasons why the U.S. was interested in expanding it’s imperial power.

ports for naval ships and markets for manufactured goods (xianity?)

What did the Open Door Policy give us free reign to do?

force China to trade with us

What military action did the United States take to make sure this Policy stayed in place?

squashed the Boxer Rebellion

What “manufactured” event drew the U.S. into the Spanish American War?

the sinking of the Maine

In what two places did most of the fighting take place in the Spanish American War?

Cuba and the Philippines

**How did the construction of Panama Canal affect our relationship with Panama? How did the U.S. gain control of the land?

made Panama a territory, staged a revolution

What is the name for imperialism that is based on economic influence?

dollar diplomacy

Give an example of dollar diplomacy.

large loans make the other country dependent, setting up large corporations that dominate the local economy

Name the original U.S. policy designed to keep European nations from interfering in our hemisphere.

Monroe Doctrine

What was the point of the Roosevelt Corollary?

We will intervene when necessary in the western hemisphere

***List at least five places where the U.S. spread its influence between 1890-1916.

Mexico, Panama, Cuba, the Philippines, Hawaii, China, Puerto Rico

Why did Wilson send troops into Mexico in 1916?

to harass Pancho Villa, who was causing problems for the Mexican gov’t

**Name two factors that led to WWI.

Alliances, military build up (industrialism), tension in the Balkans, growing imperialism

What group of countries did the U.S. fight alongside in WWI?

the Allies (GB, France, Russia)

What group formed the opposition to the Allies during WWI?

Central Powers (Germany & A-H)

What was the purpose of the Selective Service Act?

help raise troops for the American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

What weapon did the Germans use to attack allied ships and the British blockade?

U-Boat

What two factors led to trench warfare?

old tactics combined with new weapons

**Name three of the conditions that made trench warfare so miserable.

rats, high casualty rates, disease, stagnant water & mud (trench foot), shellshock, etc.

Name two new weapons that were used extensively in trench warfare.

machine gun, poison gas, flamethrower, new high powered artillery

Name two other new weapons used for the first time in World War I.

submarine, tank, airplane

Name the two events that helped pull the U.S. into the WWI.

Lusitania (U-Boat Warfare) & Zimmerman Telegram

What was the primary contribution of the AEF toward Allied victory?

helped hold off last big German attack, helped with big allied counter-attack that led to German surrender

What was Wilson’s stated reason for entering WWI?

“Make the world safe for democracy.”

**Name 2 kinds of people who might have opposed U.S. involvement in WWI.

pacifists, socialists, German immigrants, Irish immigrants

What law prevented “disloyal utterances” and speaking out against the war?

Sedition Act

How did the Supreme Court rule on the Espionage and Sedition acts?

they were constitutional - exceptional measures are OK in war time

**Name 2 gov’t agencies designed to make efficient use of our resources during WWI.

WIB, WLB, Food Administration

What monetary instrument did the U.S. gov’t use to raise funds for WWI?

the Liberty Bond

Why was it only a matter of time before the U.S. was drawn into WWI?

we had become an imperial power, we were shipping war materials to Europe

What organization was responsible for producing U.S. propaganda during WWI?

Committee on Public Information (CPI)

What event allowed Germany to launch an all-out final offensive on the Western Front in 1918?

the Russian Revolution

**What was Wilson’s Plan for Peace called? Which part of it was most important to him?

14 Points, League of Nations

Name two key conditions of the Treaty of Versailles.

Germany responsible for WWI, pay big reparations, League of Nations

What cause led to Wilson’s demise at the end of his presidency?

Pushing for the U.S. to join the League of Nations