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What was the first English settlement in North America?

Jamestown

Why did the Puritans want to leave England? What boat did they travel on?

religious persecution, the Mayflower

Name 2 characteristics of the New England colonies.

education, small farms, harbor cities, Puritanically based morals and religion

Name 2 characteristics of the middle colonies.

religious tolerance, commerce, craftsmanship, heavy Dutch influence

Name 2 characteristics of the southern colonies.

loyalty, plantations & cash crops, low population density

What religious movement was focused on getting an emotional response from its audience?

Great Awakening

How did this movement help feed revolutionary fervor?

equality in the eyes of God

Which enlightenment thinker pushed for a three branch government?

Montesquieu

Which enlightenment thinker was an advocate for the protection of "natural rights"?

Locke

Which enlightenment thinker pushed government by the general will?

Rousseau

Why did the British begin taxing the colonists in 1763?

pay for the French & Indian (7 yrs.) War

What was the first major tax placed on the colonists after the Seven Years’ War?

Stamp Act

Name two ways the colonists protested this tax.

boycotts, demonstrations, harassment of public officials

What group of colonists wanted to remain loyal to Great Britain?

Tories/Loyalists

Who led the mob to the Customs House to set off the Boston Massacre?

Samuel Adams

How did the British respond to the Boston Tea Party?

Intolerable Acts

What group called for the Declaration of Independence?

Second Continental Congress

Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

What were the two main purposes of the Declaration of Independence?

Establish ideology behind revolution and list grievances vs. King George

Where was the first actual fighting of the Revolutionary war?

Lexington and Concord

What Colonial victory brought increased support from the French?

Saratoga

What was the freezing cold low point for the Continental Army?

Valley Forge

Where did the British surrender to Washington?

Yorktown

What document set up our nation’s first government?

Articles of Confederation

Name two weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

no power to tax, no power to coin money, no executive branch, weak central government

Who appoints Justices & Ambassadors? Who approves them?

President, Senate

How is the membership of the Senate determined?

Each state gets two Senators

How many amendments are included in the Bill of Rights? What group pushed for it?

10, Anti-Federalists

What amendment protects you from unlawful search & seizure?

4th

Which amendment protects your right to bear arms?

2nd

What right do some people feel is violated by the Death Penalty?

No cruel or unusual punishment (8th)

Who has the power to enforce laws?

President (Executive Branch)

Who has the power to declares laws/acts unconstitutional?

Judicial Branch/Supreme Court

What is the group of the President’s advisors called?

cabinet

What determines the number of representatives that a state gets in the House of Reps.?

its population

Who has the power to tax?

Congress

What amendment protects the rights of the accused?

6th

What amendment protects you from self-incrimination?

5th

What freedoms are guaranteed by the First Amendment?

Speech, religion, press, assembly, petition

Who has the power to declare war?

Congress

What was Hamilton’s vision for America?

A country based on manufacturing and a strong central government

What was Jefferson’s vision for America?

Agricultural society, everybody owns land

Who did Jefferson send to explore the Louisiana Territory? Why did he send them?

Lewis & Clark, promote the territory

How did we get "sucked in" to the war of 1812?

GB & France were at war & we’re caught in the middle

What was the basic message that the Monroe Doctrine sent to Europe?

stay out of our hemisphere & we’ll stay out of yours’

Who was the first President to supposedly represent the common man?

Andrew Jackson

Identify two things Jackson was famous for.

Trail of Tears, vetoing Nat’l Bank, spoils system, using his veto 12 times, bare knuckle politics

Why did many Americans settle in Texas in the early 1800s?

invited by Mexico, wanted chance to own land