Text of Review Lecture
Colonization
Reasons for Leaving: religious, economic, adventure, forced
Colonial regions develop: Northern, Middle, Southern
Enlightenment Influences
Road to Conflict: trade restrictions, 7 Years’ War, Acts & Taxes, conflict, Boston Massacre & Tea Party
Revolutionary War
Lexington & Concord (1775)
2nd Cont. Cong. & D of I
Trenton (12/76), Valley Forge, Saratoga, Yorktown (9/81)è
Treaty of Paris (1783)
Critical Period & Constitution
Articles of Confederation
Domestic problems, Shay’s rebellion
New Constitution (checks & balances):
Strong federal gov’t
Exec: President
Legislative: Congress
Judicial:Courts topped by Supreme
The Bill of Rights
First Ten Amendments, guarantee rights
influenced by treatment of the colonists by the British
New Gov’t Gets Rolling
Washington: Cabinet with Jeff & Ham
Political parties form (Feds & Dem Reps)
1800: Jefferson’s election demonstrates success of cons.
The Early Presidents
Jeff: Louisiana Purchase (Lewis & Clark)- land ownership
Madison & War of 1812 (vs. British, we win)
Monroe Doctrine
Andrew Jackson: Common man, Trail of Tears, clash with SC
Westward Expansion
Texas (Independence then statehood)
1845- Mex-Am War è Mexican Cession
1846- Oregon Cession (Compromise with GB)
1867- Alaska
1893- Hawaii
The Debate over Slavery
1787- 3/5 Compromise
1820- Missouri Compromise
1850- Compromise of 1850
1854- Kansas Nebraska Act
1855- Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1856- Dred Scott
The Civil War
Lincoln’s Election
Fort Sumter & Bull Run
Early War
Gettysburg & Vicksburg turn the tide
Sherman’s March
South Surrenders
Reconstruction
Lincoln’s Assassinated – Johnson clashes with congress
13th Amendment, Black Codes, etc.
Radical Reconstruction: military districts, 14th & 15th Amendments
Sharecropping, Jim Crow, the KKK
Attention turns away
Westward Settlement
Mining, ranching & RRs
Cow towns & mining towns
Native Americans: armed conflict, reservations, Dawes Act
Grangers, Wm. Bryan, attacking the monopolies
Urban Boomtime (1872-1910)
Gilded Age, political machines
Industrial Growth
Monopolies, pools & trusts
New inventions
Problems with crime, disease, overcrowding, working conditions
Early labor unions
Massive Immigration
Old immigrants
New immigrants
Making the crossing & Ellis Island
Racism, xenophobia, and anti-immigrant legislation
Progressives
Political corruption, working conditions, child labor, pure food & drugs
Muckrakers
Roosevelt: trusts, nat’l parks, support for labor
Direct primary, referendum, initiative
Temperance Movement: 18th Amend
Women’s suffrage (started in 1840’s): 19th Amendment
U.S. Imperialism
Hawaii & the Open Door Policy
Spanish American War (Cuba & the Philippines)
Panama Canal & Roosevelt Corollary in Latin America
Intervention in Mexico
World War I
Outbreak of war and isolationism
New weapons and trench warfare
Lusitania & Zimmerman Telegram
Mobilizing for war
U.S. Swings the tide
The 14 Points & the League of Nations
The Twenties Roar
Racial tension, the Red Scare, Sacco & Vanzetti
Clash between rural & urban
Boom for Business, Bust for the farmers
The Jazz Age: prohibition and the liberation of America
New Marketing and consumerism
More Roar
New celebrities, athletes & entertainers
The car, radio, & movies bring America closer together
Speculation in the stock & real estate markets
Depression sets in
Market crash & bank failure
GNP plummets, unemployment skyrockets
Hoover stays hands off
Bonus Army, Hoovervilles, Dust Bowl
FDR & the First New Deal
Long, Coughlin, Townsend; Fascism & Communism
Second New Deal