Jefferson Through Adams

Election of 1800

• very tense division along party lines, fear of civil war
• Comes down to Burr and Jefferson (both Reps) Fed House gets to choose (Hamilton key)
• Jefferson’s election shows success of new system - new ideas without new government

Jeffersonian Republicanism

• Simplicity & frugality in style
• Smaller government, minimalize role of executive branch
• Income from customs duties & land sales
• Adams’ Midnight Judges snuck in at end of term, Marbury v. Madison
• The Louisiana Purchase ($15m, 3 cents/acre)
• Expansion of executive authority
• Lewis and Clark: exploration, publicity to encourage settlement, establish Indian Relations

Transatlantic Troubles

• British Impressed United States sailors & harassed American Ships
• We respond with an embargo on British goods - commerce comes to a halt
• Each region hit hard - massive protests vs. Embargo Act of 1807

The Madisons in the White House

• White House becomes symbol of Presidency
• Dolley Madison builds social network of Women in Washington City, republican government is socially accessible

Indian Troubles in the West

• Tecumseh builds Indian confederacy in the Ohio Valley - booming population of settlers
• Harrison uses “divide and conquer” treaties to win lands at low cost
• Harrison & Tecumseh clash - Battle of Tippecanoe called victory by Americans but tensions increase

The War of 1812

• Fueled by trade tensions with British & territorial clashes with Indians
• War Hawks come to Congress in 1811 (Clay & Calhoun from west & south) expand army
• Declare war in 1812 along sectional lines (NE & Mid Atlantic opposed)
• We launch a failed invasion of Canada
• By early 1813 we’re having a little success against Indians in west
• Jackson defeats Creeks
• 8/14: British launch their own offensive, burn parts of DC & attack Baltimore
• 1/15: Jackson defeats invading British force at New Orleans
• Truce more than win - leads to nationalism
• Indians biggest losers, war hawks winners

Women in the Early Republic

• Women and the Law
• Women and Church Governance

Monroe

• The Missouri Compromise - growth of slavery debate
• MO slave state, ME free state, no slavery above 36’ 30
• Parties learn to try and bridge geography and not allow slavery to divide
• The Monroe Doctrine, Revolutions in LA colonies - Monroe warns Europeans to stay out

The Election of 1824

• caucus system breaks down & several candidates emerge: Adams, Clay, Calhoun, and Jackson
• Voters directly choose electors for first time
• Jackson leads but lacks majority, Clay throws support behind Adams (becomes Sec. of State)
• Jackson supporters claim “corrupt bargain”

The Adams Administration

• Adams calls for huge expansion of government’s role
• Not politically skilled, spends much time placating enemies
• Intellectual who felt he was expanding knowledge
• Opposition finds him too “Hamiltonian”