Review Lecture: 1400-1600

Renaissance (1350-1600)

• trans between mod. & medieval
• resurgence of pop. & economy (new wealth)
• rebirth of classics (Greece & Rome)
• Humanism (response to scholasticism)
• lay patronage
• Starts in Italy, ends in NW Europe

Greats

• Machiavelli
• Leonardo da Vinci
• Michelangelo
• Rafael (
• Erasmus (Northern Humanism)
• More

Growth of Nation-States

• England (War of Roses)
• France (Valois)
• Spain (Ferdinand & Isabella)
• Not in HRE or Italian City States

Exploration

• Prince Henry
• Diaz & DeGama
• Columbus (America?!?)
• Cortes (Aztecs) & Pizarro (Incas)

Reformation

• Church abuses
• Luther’s 95 big ones
• Just by Faith
• Leipzig & Worms
• How bout them Princes

Other Cheese Moes

• Zwingli
• Calvin & Predestination in Geneva (theocracy, total church control)
• Anabaptists- Xian life(mennonites, Ahmish, Quakers, Baptists)

Counter Reformation

• Council of Trent
• Index of Forbidden Books
• Loyola & Jesuits
• Inquisition

English Reformation

• Henry VIII & Catherine & Annie Bo
• gets own "reformed church" Par increases Power
• Calvinist Puritans in North
• Eddie’s more Prot
• Mary I (RC)

Religious Wars

Dutch Revolt

• more wealthy Calvinist in late 1500s
• Phillip II height of power, needs shipping & tax $$$ (war debt & inflation)
• sends in Granvelle & Alba, Orange resists
• Spanish Fury, Pac. of Ghent
• Arras splits, North fights on-Truce in 1609, Peace of Westphalia

French Conflict

• End to H-V Wars turns conflict inward
• RC Guises support Monarchy (Catherine & kiddies), Huguenots oppose
• Coligny & St. Bart’s
• Henry III & Henry of Navarre
• Edict of Nantes

English/Spanish

• Mary I reverses Ref.
• Elizabeth vs. Mary QOS
• Elizabethan England start of trade & expansion
• Elizabethan Settlement & Puritans
• Treaty of Nonsuch
• Mary QOS gets aced, Armada
• Spain’s eventually done

30 Years War (1618-1648)

• Haps (Ferd.) try to rid HRE of Protestant Princes
• Bohemian Period
• Danish Period
• Swedish Period
• Swedish/French
• destruction of Germany
• Peace of Westphalia (princes in charge, prot. recognized, Prussia & Austria only strong states, France gets turf, Dutch get ind., Haps loooooooosers)