The present members of this family bear the title
Prince[ss] of Bourbon-Parma (Royal Highness).
Felipe, Infant of Spain, b.Madrid 15 Mar 1720, recognized
as Duke FILIPPO of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla 18 Oct 1748; he d.Alessandria
18 Jul 1765; bur Parma; he m.by proxy at Versailles 26 Aug 1739 and in person
at Alcalá de Henares 25 Oct 1739 Elisabeth of France (Versailles 14 Aug
1727-Versailles 6 Dec 1759; bur St.Denis)
1a) Isabel Maria Luisa Antonietta Ferdinanda Giuseppina
Saveria Domenica Giovanna (
2a) FERDINANDO Maria Filippo Lodovico Sebastiano
Francesco Giacomo, Duke of Parma,
1b)
2b) Luigi [LODOVICO]
Francesco Filiberto, King of Etruria 28 Jul 1801 (Piacenza 5 Jul 1773-Palazzo
Pitti, Florence 27 May 1803; bur Florence, then Escorial); m.San Ildefonso,
Madrid 25 Aug 1795 Maria Luisa Infanta of Spain (San Ildefonso 6 Jul 1782-Rome
13 Mar 1824)
1c) CARLO II Lodovico
Ferdinando, Duke of Parma and Piacenza 17 Dec 1847 on the death of Empress
Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, abdicated 19 Apr 1848; reigned as King Lodovico
II of Etruria 27 May 1803-10 Dec 1807, Duke of Lucca 13 Mar 1824-15 Oct 1847
(Madrid 22 Dec 1799-Nice 16 Apr 1883; bur Viareggio); m.Turin 5 Sep 1820 Maria
Teresa Pss of Savoy (Rome 19 Sep 1803-San Martino 16 Jul 1879; bur Rome)
1d) Luisa Francesca di Paola
Teresa Maria Anna Clotilda Beatrice (Lucca 29 Oct 1821-Lucca 8 Sep 1823; bur
Viareggio)
2d) Ferdinando CARLO
1e) Margherita Maria Teresa
Enrichetta (Lucca 1 Jan 1847-Viareggio 29 Jan 1893; bur Viareggio); m.Frohsdorf
2e) ROBERTO I Carlo Luigi Maria
Duke of Parma and Piacenza (Florence 9 Jul 1848-Pianore 16 Nov 1907; bur
Viareggio); was overthrown during the Italian unification 1859; m.1st
Rome 5 Apr 1869 Maria Pia Pss of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (Gaeta 2 Aug
1849-Biarritz 29 Sep 1882; bur Viareggio); m.2nd Schloß Fischborn 15
Oct 1884 Maria Antonia Infanta of Portugal (Bronnbach 28 Nov 1862-Schloß Berg,
Luxemburg 14 May 1959; bur Puchheim)
1f) Maria Luisa Pia Teresa Ana
Ferdinanda Francesca Antonietta Margherita Giuseppina Carolina Bianca Lucia
Apolonia (Rome 17 Jan 1870-Sofia 31 Jan 1899; bur Plovdiv); m.Pianore 20 Apr
1893 Pr [later, King] Ferdinand of Bulgaria (Vienna 26 Feb 1861-Coburg 10 Sep
1948; bur Coburg)
2f) Ferdinando Maria Carlo
(Bozen 5 Mar 1871-Cannes 14 Apr 1872; bur Viareggio)
3f) Luisa Maria Annunziata
Enrichetta Teresa (Cannes 24 Mar 1872-Brunnsee 22 Jun 1943; bur Mureck)
4f) ENRICO Maria Alberto
Ferdinando Carlo Pio Luigi Antonio, Duke of
5f) Maria Immacolata Luisa
Francesca Praxedes Annunziata Teresa Pia Anna Ferdinanda Antonietta Giuseppina
Lucia Apollonia Filomena Clotilda Emerenciana Maria Giulia (Schloß Wartegg 21
Jul 1874-Pianore 16 May 1914; bur Viareggio)
6f) GIUSEPPE Maria Pietro Paolo
Francesco Roberto Tomaso-d'Aquino Andreas-Avellino Biagio Mauro Carlo Stanislao
Luigi Filippo Neri Leone Bernardo Antonio Ferdinando, Duke of Parma and
Piacenza, Pr of Bourbon (Biarritz 30 Jun 1875-Pianore 7 Jan 1950; bur
Viareggio)
7f) Maria Teresa Pia Luisa
Immacolata Ferdinanda Enrichetta Giuseppina Alfonsa (Biarritz 15 Oct
1876-Brunnsee 25 Jan 1959; bur Mureck)
8f) Maria Pia Antonietta
Carolina (Biarritz 9 Oct 1877-Schloß Wartegg 29 Jan 1915; bur Willen-Wartegg)
9f) Beatrice Colomba Maria Immacolata
Leonia (Biarritz 9 Jan 1879-Brunnsee 11 Mar 1946; bur Mureck); m.Schwarzau am
Steinfelde
10f) ELIAS Roberto Carlo Maria
Pio Giuseppe, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, Pr of Bourbon (Biarritz 23 Jul
1880-Friedberg 27 Jun 1959; bur Glashütte); m.Vienna
1g) Elisabetta Maria Anna Pia
Luisa (Vienna 17 Mar 1904-Bad Ischl 13 Jun 1983; bur Willen-Wartegg)
2g) Carlo Luigi Federigo
Antonio Roberto Elias Maria (Vienna 22 Sep 1905-Baden, nr Vienna 26 Sep 1912;
bur Glashütte)
3g) Maria Francesca Giuseppa
Raniera Enrichetta Pia Luisa (Weilburg 5 Sep 1906-Fribourg, Switzerland 20 Feb 1994;
bur Glashütte)
4g) ROBERTO II [names on
baptismal record: Robertus Rainerius Alexius Ludovicus Deodatus Elias Pius
Maria], Duke of
5g) Francesco [names on
baptismal record: Franz Alphons Gabriel Ludwig Heinrich Robert Pius Karl Elias
Maria] (Weilburg 14 Jun 1913-Magyar-Ovar, Hungary 29 May 1939; bur Glashütte)
6g) Giovanna [names on
baptismal record: Jeanne Isabelle Therèse [sic] Louise Pie Marie] (Weilburg 8
Jul 1916-k.in a shooting accident at Toledana, Spain 1 Nov 1949)
7g) Alice Maria Teresa
Francesca Luisa Pia Anna Valeria (Vienna 13 Nov 1917-Madrid 28 Mar 2017);
m.Vienna 16 Apr 1936 Alfonso Pr of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Infant of Spain
(Madrid 30 Nov 1901-Madrid 3 Feb 1964)
8g) Maria Cristina Albertina
Enrichetta Luisa Pia Carlotta (Vienna 7 Jun 1925-Vienna 1 Sep 2009; bur
Glashütte)
11f) Maria Anastasia
Antonietta Cristina Enrichetta (Biarritz 25 Aug 1881-Biarritz 7 Sep 1881; bur
Viareggio)
12f) Augusto (b.and d.Biarritz
22 Sep 1882; bur Viareggio)
13f) Maria della Neve Adelaide
Enrichetta Pia Antonia (Wartegg 5 Aug 1885-Solesmes 6 Feb 1959; bur Solesmes)
14f) Sisto (Sixte) Ferdinando
Maria Ignazio Alfonso Roberto Micael Francesco Carlo Luigi Saverio Giuseppe
Antonio Pio Taddeo Giovanni Sebastiano Paolo Biagio Estanislao Bernedetto
Bernardo Marco (Wartegg 1 Aug 1886-Paris 14 Mar 1934; bur Souvigny); m.Paris 12
Nov 1919 Hedwige de la Rochefoucauld (Paris 15 Feb 1896-Paris 7 May 1986; bur
Bonnétable)
1g) Isabelle Marie Antoinette
Louise Hedwige (Paris 14 Mar 1922-26 Feb 2015); m.Paris (civ)
15f) FRANCESCO SAVERIO (Xavier)
Carlo Maria Anna Giuseppe, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (Camaiore 25 May
1889-Zizers 7 May 1977; bur Solesmes); m.Lignières 12 Nov 1927 Madeleine de
Bourbon-Busset (Paris 23 Mar 1898-Paris 1 Sep 1984; bur Solesmes)
1g) Marie Françoise Antoinette
Jeanne Madeleine (b.Paris 10 Aug 1928); m.Besson 12 Dec 1959 Eduard Pr von
Lobkowicz (New York 12 Jun 1926-Paris 2 Apr 2010)
2g) Hugues (CARLOS HUGO)
Xavier Marie Sixte Louis Robert Jean Georges Benoît Michel, Duke of Parma and Piacenza
(Paris 8 Apr 1930-Barcelona 18 Aug 2010; bur Parma); m.Rome 29 Apr 1964 (div
1981) Irene Pss of the Netherlands, Pss zur Lippe-Biesterfeld (b.Soestdijk 5
Aug 1939)
1h) CARLOS XAVIER Bernardo
Sixto Maria, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (b.Nimeguen 27 Jan 1970); m. Wijk bij
Duurstede 12 Jun 2010 (rel) Abbey of La Cambre, Brussels 20 Nov 2010 Annemarie
Cecilia Gualthérie van Weezel (b.The Hague 18 Dec 1977)
1i) Luisa Irene Constance Anna
Maria (b.The Hague 9 May 2012)
2i) Cecilia Maria Johanna
Beatrix (b.The Hague
3i) Carlos Enrique Leonard
(b.The Hague 24 Apr 2016)
2h) Jaime (Jacques) Bernardo,
Cte di Bardi (b.Nimeguen 13 Oct 1972);
m.Wijk bij Duurstede 3 Oct 2013 (rel) Apeldoorn 5 Oct 2013 Viktória Cservenyák
(b.Budapest 25 May 1982)
1i) Zita Clara (b.Amsterdam 21 Feb 2014)
2i) Gloria Irene (b.Rome 9 May 2016)
3h) Margarita Maria Beatrix,
Ctsa di Colorno (b.Nimeguen 13 Oct 1972); m.1st Amsterdam 19 Jun 2001 (rel)
Auch 22 Sep 2001 (div 8 Nov 2006) Edwin Karel Willem de Roy van Zuydewijn
(b.Amsterdam 19 Jun 1966); m.2nd Maarsbergen 3 May 2008 Tjalling Siebe ten Cate
(b.Dordrecht 23 Dec 1975)
4h) Maria Carolina Christina,
Marchesa di Sala (b.Nimeguen 23 Jun 1974); m.Wijk bij Duurstede 21 Apr 2012
(rel) Florence 16 Jun 2012 Albert Brenninkmeijer (b.Paris 16 May 1974)
3g) Marie Thérèse Cécile Zita
Charlotte (Paris 28 Jul 1933-Paris 26 Mar 2020)
4g) Cécile Marie Antoinette
Madeleine Jeanne Agnès Françoise (Paris 12 Apr 1935-Paris 1 Sep 2021)
5g) Marie-des-Neiges Madeleine
Françoise (b.Paris 29 Apr 1937)
6g) Sixte Henri Hugues François
Xavier (b.Pau 22 Jul 1940)
16f) Francisca Josepha Maria
Theresia Elisabeth Sophia Anna Louise Eulalia Michaela Raphaela Gabriela
(Schwarzau 22 Apr 1890-Solesmes 7 Oct 1978; bur Solesmes)
17f) Zita Maria delle Grazie
Adelgonda Micaela Raffaela Gabriella Giuseppina Antonia Luisa Agnese (Pianore 9
May 1892-Zizers 14 Mar 1989; bur Vienna); m.Schwarzau 21 Oct 1911 Emperor Karl
of Austria (Persenbeug 17 Aug 1887-Funchal, Madeira 1 Apr 1922); “According
to her baptismal record, quoted (it was actually added in to the bottom of the
original entry which said Zita Maria delle Grazie Adelgunde Michaele Raphaele
Gabriele Josefine Antonia Louise Agnes von Bourbon Prinzessin von Parma) in the
marriage register at Schwarzau am Steinfeld (1911), Zita’s full names
are: Zita Maria delle Grazie Adelgunde Michaele Gabriele Giuseppina Antonia
Luisa Agnese Stanislava Anna Margherita Philomena Adelaide Roberta Vincenza
Francesca”
18f) Félix de Valois Maria
Vincentius Ferrerius Ildephonsus Wenceslaus Michael Gabriel Raphael Hieronymus
Joseph Antonius de Padua Robertus Ludovicus Joannes Nepomucenus Iganatius
Dominicus Bernardus Antonius Petrus, cr 5 Nov 1919 Pr of Luxemburg (Schwarzau
28 Sep 1893-Luxemburg 8 Apr 1970); m.Luxemburg 6 Nov 1919 Grand Dss Charlotte
of Luxemburg; for further details see Luxemburg
19f) René [names on baptismal
record: Renatus Carolus Maria Joseph Raymundus Michael Gabriel Raphael
Ludovicus Franciscus Antonius Robertus Lucas Dominicus Stanislaus Johannes
Vincentius a Paulo Ferdinandus Elias Mauritius] (Schwarzau 17 Oct 1894-Hellerup
30 Jul 1962; bur Puchheim); m.Copenhagen 9 Jun 1921 Margrethe Françoise Louise
Marie Helene Pss of Denmark (Bernstorff 17 Sep 1895-Brodrehoj 18 Sep 1992; bur
Roskilde)
1g) Jacques Maria Antoine
Robert Waldemar Charles Felix Sixte Ansgar (Longwy, France 9 Jun 1922-nr
Roskilde 5 Nov 1964; bur nr Ledreborg); m.Ledreborg 9 Jun 1947 Birgitte
Komtesse af Holstein-Ledreborg (Ledreborg 29 Jun 1922-21 Aug 2009)
1h) Philipp Georg Karl Valdemar
René Joseph Marie (b.Copenhagen 22 Jan 1949); m.Ledreborg 5 May 1979 Annette
Smith (b.Koge, Seeland 24 Apr 1955)
1i)
Jacques Carl Christian Marie (b.1986)
2i)
Joseph Axel Alain Eric Marie (b.1989)
2h) Lorraine Charlotte Tatjana
Ebba Johanna Maria Antonia Josephine Renée (b.Roskilde 27 Jul 1951)
3h) Alain Johann Knud Bernhard
Felix Maria René Joseph (b.Roskilde 15 May 1955); m.2001 Inge Birgitte Vedel
Andersen (b.1948)
2g) Anna Maria Antonie
Françoise Zita Marguerite (Paris 18 Sep 1923-Morges, Switzerland 1 Aug 2016);
m.Athens 10 Jun 1948 King Michael of Romania (Sinaia 25 Oct 1921-5 Dec 2017)
3g) Michel Marie Xavier
Waldemar Georg Robert Karl Eymar (Paris 4 Mar 1926-Neuilly 7 Jul 2018); m.1st
Paris (civ) 23 May 1951 (rel) 9 Jun 1951 (separated 1966, div 1999) Pss Yolande
de Broglie-Revel (Paris 26 Apr 1928-2 Sep 2014); m.2nd Manalapan,
Florida 16/17 May 2003 Princess Maria Pia of Savoy (b.Naples 24 Sep 1934)
1h) Eric Marie Joseph René Michel
Pierre (b.Copenhagen 28 Aug 1953); m.Ledreborg 8 Aug 1980 (div 1999) Lydia
Komtesse af Holstein-Ledreborg (b.Roskilde 22 Feb 1955)
1i) Antoinette Monique
Charlotte Marie (b.Roskilde 10 Jun 1981); m.Ledreborg 15 May 2010 Martin
Krusbæk (b.1982)
2i) Marie Gabrielle Yolanda
Camilla Philippine (b.Paris 23 Dec 1982)
3i) Alexia Thérèse Sybille Eric
Charles Marie (b.Palm Beach, Florida 7 Mar 1985); m.2008 Fabian Davis (b.1984)
4i) Michel Knud John Joseph
Marie (b.Lejre, nr Roskilde 12 Feb 1989)
5i) Henri Luitpold Antoine
Victor Marie Joseph (b.Roskilde
2h) Inès Marie Joseph
Margarethe Yolande Tatiana (Paris 9 May 1952-London 20 Oct 1981)
3h) Sybil Marie Joseph Anne Victoire
(b.Paris 10 Nov 1954); m.Versailles 5 Dec 1997 Craig Richards (b.in Wales 22
Apr 1962)
4h) Victoire Maria Pia Joseph
Philippe Isaure (Boulogne-Billaincourt 8 Nov 1957-Neuilly 24 Jan 2001); m.1st
(civ) Paris 25 Feb 1974 (rel) Beaumont-le-Roger 25 Feb 1974 (div 1988) Ernst
Frhr von Gecmen Waldek (b.Prague 11 Jul 1943); m.2nd Palm Beach 15
May 1993 Carlos Ernesto Rodriguez (b.Caracas 28 Dec 1956)
5h) Charles Emmanuel Marie
Joseph Jacques Hély (b.Paris 3 Jun 1961); m.Paris 18 May (rel) Dampierre 25 May
1991 Constance de Ravinel (b.Boulogne-Billancourt 18 Jul 1970)
1i) Amaury Yves Michel Marie
Joseph (b.Paris 30 Oct 1991)
2i) Charlotte Alexe Yolande
Marie Joseph (b.Boulogne-Billaincourt 8 Jul 1993)
3i) Elisabeth Flore Angélique
Marie Joseph (b.Boulogne-Billancourt 12 Jun 1996)
4i) Zita Angélique Inès Marie
Joseph (b.Boulogne-Billancourt 1 Apr 1999)
6h)
[by Laure Le Bourgeois (b.Stockholm 9 Jun 1950)] Amélie de Bourbon de Parme, b.Paris
13 Mar 1977; m.Paris 1 Oct 2009 (rel) Chambord 3 Oct 2009 Pr Igor Yourievich
Ostasenko-Bogdanov (b.château de Saint-Lary 29 Aug 1949)
4g) André Marie (Paris 6 Mar
1928-Dourdan 22 Oct 2011; bur Buisson); m.(civ) Paris 2 May 1960 (rel)
Villefranche nr Nice 9 May 1960 Marina Gacry (b.Paris 5 Sep 1935)
1h)
Axel André Pierre Marie (b.18 Sep 1968); m.(civ) Lozère 8 Aug 1996 [or, 17 Aug
1996] (rel) St.Sauveur-du-Peyre 7 Sep 1996 Raphaële de Montagnon (b.Paris 9 Jun
1971)
1i)
Côme Axel Marie (b.1997)
2i)
Alix Jehanne
3i)
Aure Ghislaine Marie (b.2004)
2h)
Sophie (Tania) (b.1961); m.(civ)
3h)
Astrid Marie (b.1964)
20f) Maria Antonia Sophie
Aloysia Ludovica Josepha Michaela Gabriela Raphaela Anna Elisabetha Agnes
Francisca Gerarda Theresia Philomena Beatrix Engelberta Florentia Ursina
(Schwarzau 7 Nov 1895-Solesmes 19 Oct 1977; bur Solesmes)
21f) Isabella Maria Anna
Alphonsa Antonia
22f) Louis [names on baptismal
record: Ludovicus Carolus Maria Leopoldus Robertus Antonius Josephus Benedictus
Labre Bernardinus Realino Franciscus Ignatius Michael Gabriel Raphael Petrus
Chrysologus] (Schwarzau 5 Dec 1899-Mandelieu 4 Dec 1967; bur Mandelieu); m.Rome
23 Jan 1939 Maria Pss of Savoy (Rome 26 Dec 1914-Mandelieu 4 Dec 2001; bur Mandelieu)
1g) Veit (Guy) Sixte Louis
Robert Victor (Cannes 7 Aug 1940-Paris 9 Mar 1991); m.Cannes (civ) 10 Jul 1964
(rel) 11 Nov 1964 (div 1981) Brigitte Peu-Duvallon (Cannes 13 Aug 1943-Lausanne
25 Feb 1993)
1h)
Louis Victor-Emmanuel Sixte-Robert (b.1966); m.Prangins,
1i)
Delphine (b.1992); m.14 Sep 2013 (rel) Oct 2013 Matthieu Dupertuis
2i)
Guy (b.1995)
2g) Rémy François Xavier Louis
Robert Victor (b.Cannes 14 Jul 1942); m.1st (civ) Saint Prix 8 Feb
1973 (rel) Paris 10 Feb 1973 (div 1983) Laurence Dufresne d'Arganchy (b.Paris
18 Jan 1951); m.2nd Switzerland 5 Jul 2003 Mme Elisabeth Tardif
(b.Neuilly 17 Apr 1954)
1h)
Tristan Louis Christian Thierry Marie (b.1974); m.Cumières
1i)
Talma Laurence Sarah Eleonora Maria (b.2012)
2h)
Aude Marie Geneviève Jeanne (b.1977)
3g) Chantal Marie Helene
Charlotte (b.Cannes 24 Nov 1946); m.1st (civ) Mandelieu 1 Jul 1977
(rel) Cannes 23 Sep 1977 (div) Panayotis Skinas (b.Athens 8 Mar 1937); m.2nd
Sainte-Thorette 24 Sep 1988 François-Henri des Georges (b.Nice 4 Mar 1941)
4g) Jean Bernard Rémy (b.Cannes
1h)
Arnaud Pascal Dominique Louis Marie Alphonse (b.1989)
2h)
Christophe Olivier André Guy Marie (b.1991)
23f) Enrichetta (Henriette)
Anna Maria Immacolata Giuseppa Antonia (Pianore 8 Mar 1903-Marti, nr Pisa 13
Jun 1987; bur Parma)
24f) Gaetano Maria Joseph Pius
(Pianore 11 Jun 1905-Mandelieu 9 Mar 1958); m.Paris 29 Apr 1931 (div 1955)
Margarete Pss von Thurn u.Taxis (Beloeil 8 Nov 1909-Forte dei Marmi 21 Sep
2006)
1g) Diana Marguerite (Paris 22
May 1932-7 May 2020); m.1st Krauchenwies 16 Apr 1955 (div 1961)
Franz Pr von Hohenzollern (Umkirch 15 Mar 1926-Sigmaringen 13 Mar 1996); m.2nd
Stuttgart 21 Mar 1961 Hans Joachim Oehmichen (Barnitz 4 Oct 1920-Bad Krozingen
11 Jul 1995)
3e) Alicia Maria Carolina
Ferdinanda Rachel Giovanna Filomena (Parma 27 Dec 1849-Schwertberg 16 Nov 1935;
bur Schwertberg, then 2007 St.Gilgen); m.Frohsdorf 11 Jan 1868 Grand Duke
Ferdinando IV of Tuscany, Archduke of Austria (Florence 10 Jun 1835-Salzburg 17
Jan 1908; bur Vienna)
4e) Enrico Carlo Luigi Giorgio
Abraham Paolo Maria, Cte di Bardi (Parma 12 Feb 1851-Menton 14 Apr 1905; bur
Viareggio); m.1st Cannes 25 Nov 1873 Immacolata Pss of Bourbon-Two
Sicilies (Naples 21 Jan 1855-Pau 23 Aug 1874; bur Viareggio); m.2nd
Salzburg 15 Oct 1876 Adelgunde Infanta of Portugal (Bronnbach 10 Nov
1858-Gunten, Switzerland 15 Apr 1946; bur Thun)
2c) Maria Luisa Carlotta (b.at
sea in the Mediterranean 2 Oct 1802-Rome 18 Mar 1857; bur Rome); m.1st
Dresden 7 Nov 1825 Maximilian Pr of Saxony (Dresden 13 Apr 1759-Dresden 3 Jan
1838; bur Dresden); m.2nd 22 Jul 1849 Cte Francesco Rossi (Rome 5
Dec 1797-Venice 30 Sep 1856; bur Rome); m.3rd 19 Feb 1855 Cavaliere
Giovanni Vimercati (21 Dec 1788-28 Mar 1858)
3b) Maria Antonietta Giuseppina
Walburga Anna Luisa Vicenza Margherita Caterina (Parma 28 Nov 1774-Rome 20 Feb
1841; bur Rome)
4b) Carlotta Maria Ferdinanda
Teresa Anna Giuseppa Giovanna Luisa Vicenza Rosalia (Parma 1 Sep 1777-Rome 5
Apr 1813; bur Rome)
5b) Filippo Maria Lodovico
Francesco (Parma 22 Mar 1783-Parma 2 Jul 1786; bur Parma)
6b) Antonietta Luisa (b.Parma 21
Oct 1784-d.an infant; bur Parma)
7b) Maria Luisa (Parma 17 Apr
1787-Parma 22 Nov 1789; bur Parma)
3a) Maria Luisa Teresa (Parma 9 Dec 1751-Rome 2 Jan 1819;
bur Escorial); m.San Ildefonso 4 Sep 1765 King Carlos IV of Spain (Portici 11
Nov 1748-Rome 19 Jan 1819)