1. The Korean Council for Women Drafted for Sexual Slavery by Japan, Society for the Study of Comfort Women, "Coercively Drafted Korean Comfort Women" 1993, Han-ul.2. By December 1993, the Korean Ministry of Health and Social Affairs received 180 cases of comfort women and finished the basic investigation.
3. During the war, the documents concerning military comfort stations were classified as top secret information.
4. A recently discovered document revealed that "A master sergeant ordered to destroy all the records of the 48th division. So, most records disappeared at the end of the war, and the rest were submitted to the Australian Army. Therefore, the Japanese Army does not have any exact record. Our information is based on the memory of soldiers" "The War History Documents of the 48th Division Concerning the Situation of the End of the War" July, 1946.
5. On July 6, 1992, --- of the Japanese government issued a government research paper on "---" This was based on the documents kept by the Police Agency, the Defense Ministry, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Welfare and the Ministry of Labor. On August 4, 1993, the government published the result of the investigation on the victims of military comfort stations and other documents kept in the Ministry of Justice, the National Library of Official Documents and the American Library of Official Documents. However, many non-governmental organizations criticize the Japanese government for not completely opening all governmental documents.
6. In November 1991, a record titled "Headquarters, US Naval Military Government" (Okinawa, November 1945) was discovered. In December, "US Offices of War Information" (Psychological Warfare Team. Aug. Sep. Oct. 1944) was opened. In January 1992, Professor--- of University of --- discovered documents concerning military comfort stations, which were kept in the Library of the Defense Ministry. These records helped the issue of comfort women be appealed to the public. On July 31, 1992, "the Board for Military Comfort Women" of the Korean government published an interim report titled "Survey on the Reality of Military Comfort Women"
7. With the first report of Kim Hacksoon in August 1991, many former comfort women began to report to the government. In November 1990, the Korean Council for Women Drafted for Sexual Slavery by Japan was formed. The organization opened a telephone line to gather information of the issue. In June 1993, the Korean government established "the Law to Support the Life of Former Comfort Women." It gathered the victims' report and began to give financial assistance to the victims. By now, 180 women have reported and 150 women are receiving compensation. In Japan, a non-governmental organization opened a telephone line "110" to gather reports of the victims and the assailants.
15. "A Study on the System of State Regulated Prostitution in Modern Korea" 1992. A thesis for M.D. of Ehwa University.
17. Yy Soonsu, "A Study on the Reality of Korean Women Drafted for Coercive Labor Under Japanese Imperialism" 1993. A thesis for M.D. of Ehwa University.
19. E. Herbert Norman, "Japan's Emergence as a Modern State" 1940, New York: Institute of Pacific Relations, p. 116-127. Jon Halliday, "A Political History of Japanese Capitalism" Princeton University Press, 1975. p.17-55.
20. Shuchi Hatada, "Labor Conditions in Japan" Columbia UP, 1969. p.75.
21. Jerome B. Cohen, "Japan's Economy in War and Reconstruction" University of Minnesota Press, 1949. p. 33. Hilrary Conroy, "The Japanese Seizure of Korea: 1868-1910" University of Pennsylvania Press, 1960. p.53
22. V. G. Kiernan, "Marxism and Imperialism" NY: Saint Martin's Press, 1975. p.44.
23. Bruce F. Johnston, "Japanese Food Management in World War II" Stanford UP, 1953. p.50-51
24. James B. Crowley, "Japan's Quest for Autonomy" Princeton UP, 1966. p. 4-8. Frederick M. Nelson, "Korea and Old Orders in Eastern Asia" Louisiana State University, 1945. p.296.
25. Chen, I-te, "Japanese Colonialism in Korea and Formosa: A Comparison of its Effects upon the Development of Nationalism" University of Pennsylvania, Ph.D. Dissertation, 1968, p.71-90.
32. Only soldiers in uniform and civilian employees are allowed to use military comfort stations.
33. Not a local civilian is permitted.
34. Soldiers and civilian employees are prohibited to use other military comfort stations than the arranged station. --- No contact with other prostitutes than comfort women and with civilians is allowed.
35. Managers of military comfort stations should report to the military authorities about the management of the stations.
36. Comfort women are moved according to the order of the army.
43. With the increase of other comfort facilities (restaurants, cafeteria and others), the number of military comfort stations began to decrease.
46. "The 'comfort girls' have been found wherever it was necessary for the Japanese Army to fight." US Offices of War Information, Psychological Warfare Team, 1944.
49. Each unit should report about the following matters.---"Order: A troop should build in haste makeshift comfort facilities."
50. Persons who are to open a comfort station should apply to a medical office for the license.
51. The naval authorities examined the sanitation status of comfort stations and appointed the best six stations.
52. Managers should renew the license every three months.
53. 50 chun for a license and 7 won for business tax
54. Officers should take charge of the management and regulations of clubs in the army.
56. Sendakako-o. Translated by Lee Songhee. "Military Comfort Women" Baecksubang. 1991.
58. According to a record of medical examinations, 35 were Koreans among 38 comfort women.
63. "A Study on the System of State Regulated Prostitution in Modern Korea"
65. Yoshida Seiji. Trans. Modern History Research Institute. "How did I kidnap Koreans?" Chunggei Research Institute, 1989.
68. The rules on the use of military comfort stations should be strictly followed.
70. X unit on Sundays, Y unit on Mondays, Z unit on Wednesdays. Other temporary stationeries should follow other specific regulations.
79. The unit responsible for the rear facilities distribute condoms to soldiers. The army distributed condoms to soldiers every two months. But, now, it should be in charge of the managers for the following reasons: in case soldiers do not bring a condom to comfort stations in case they use it in other places in case they use prostitution other than military comfort stations and they get infected with diseases.
86.Yoon Jungok, "Sexual Slavery, What is the Problem?" The Korean Council for Women Drafted for Sexual Slavery by Japan. "Research Data of Sexual Slavery I" 1991.
87. Lee Sanghwa. A thesis for M.D. of Ehwa university. "A Study on the Life of Military Comfort Women Back in their Country and their Experience"
88. The Korean council for Women Drafted for Sexual Slavery by Japan distributed donation to former comfort women in October 1992 and April 1993.
89. A crime against humanity and a war crime are similar in their concept. Therefore, a violation can fall into both category of crime (The UN War Crimes Commission, History of the UN War Crimes Commission and the Development of the Laws of War, His Majesty's Stationary Office, London, 1948. p.188). However, war crimes are applied to a state in wartime. Therefore, it is reasonable to see the crime of sexual slavery as a crime against humanity because the victims are Korean women under Japanese rule.
90. Article 5 of the Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. In this article, persecutions on religious grounds are excluded, in contrast to the Charter of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg.
91. Part II of the Charter of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, Article 6.
92. This treaty was ratified in Paris in 1904 and its content was fundamentally changed in 1910 and 1921.
93. Article 2.
94. Years when Japan ratified a peace treaty or a treaty for compensation with other victimized Asian countries:
Burma Nov. 5, 1952
The Philippines May. 9, 1956
Indonesia Jan.20, 1958
Laos Oct.15, 1958
Vietnam May.13, 1959
Republic of Korea Jun.22, 196595. For instance, approximately 99.1 billion Yen was paid for the Japanese atomic bomb victims in 1984 (Tanaka Hiroshi, "Unfinished Business" AMPO Japan- Asia Quarterly Review Vol.23. No.2. p.19).
96. When Germany was defeated in the war, it compensated for not only Jewish victims but also the victims from Belgium, Netherlands and Austria who were coercively drafted for labor and military service. In addition, it is interesting to compare the history of the Japanese American wartime case in which the US Supreme Court in 1943 and 1944 upheld the military orders that forced more than 110,000 Americans of Japanese ancestry from their West Coast homes into ten internment camps scattered from the California desert to the swamps of Arkansas. However, in 19--, the US Congress organized an ad hoc committee on Japanese American Reparations. For the next two years, they held 20 public hearings and heard testimony from 750 witnesses. The Committee made a final report on the issue in 1983, recommending that the government apologize formally and pay $ 20,000 to each of about 60,000 living victims (Tanaka Horoshi, supra note, p.19).
97. The Japanese government promised " to severely punish all the war criminals, including those who abused prisoners (Article 10)------In 1952, Japan promised to follow the results of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and other tribunals (Article 11), as it was mentioned in the Peace Treaty at San Francisco.
98. For example, the Korean Council for Women Drafted for Sexual Slavery by Japan, "International Activities Against Military Sexual Slavery" Vol.1. No.1. Feb. 1993.
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