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High School English Papers
The following are papaers dealing with various texts, such as THE SCARLET LETTER, THE GREAT GATSBY, A SEPARATE PEACE, THE GRAPES OF WRATH. ALong with these papers and study notes for these classics there are various papers on British Literature. These papers, descriptions, notes, etc... serve only as a guide for those of you who maybe in a higher level english class and are in need of some help. The information on this page may or may not be correct, i am not liable for any loss occured by anyone who reads this page. THIS MATERIAL MAY NOT BE COPYED!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Fitzgerald’s Eloquent Characters
"He wanted not association with glittering things and people-he wanted the glittering things themselves," ("Winter Dreams."590). Jay Gatsby and Dexter Green desire these glittering things in the form of Daisy Buchanan and Judy Jones, just as F. Scott Fitzgerald desired Zelda. These characters were all forms of F. Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald. Judy and Daisy were beautiful, rich women resembling Zelda, who were not worthy of ambitious Jay Gatsby, Dexter Green, and Fitzgerald, who struggled to achieve them.
"Whatever Judy wanted, she went after with the full pressure of her charm," ("Winter Dreams"594). Judy, along with Daisy and Zelda, used her charm and beauty to manipulate men. Daisy’s beauty drew men to her, "...the last sunshine fell with romantic affection upon her glowing face; her voice compelled me forward breathlessly as I listened..." (The Great Gatsby.21).
These shallow and selfish women used their money to buy themselves contentment or so they thought. Before Daisy wed Tom Buchanan, he gave her a string of pearls estimated to be worth more than three hundred thousand dollars. The night before her wedding Daisy received a letter from Jay Gatsby, and though she had feelings for Jay, the string of pearls made her marry Tom, for he was wealthy (The Great Gatsby. 80-81).
In both "Winter Dreams" and The Great Gatsby, Judy and Daisy were shown to be miserable with their lives. "...she slipped into a moody depression..." said Dexter Green, ("Winter Dreams" 593). These words described Judy’s emotional state as she ate dinner with Dexter Green, though her gloominess was not due to Dexter’s presence. Later on she said to Dexter, "I’m more beautiful than anybody else...why can’t I be happy?" ("Winter Dreams" 600). Daisy also displays her despondency, though she does not express it verbally. As a visitor in Daisy’s home observed "...turbulent emotions possessed her..." once returning from a disagreement with her husband (The Great Gatsby.21).
Dasiy’s husband, Tom Buchanan, cheated on her from the beginning of their marriage. Daisy did not directly express her joylessness, but rather showed it, by having an affair with Jay Gatsby, with whom she felt she was content. Judy also seems to have an unsatisfactory marriage although it also is not directly expressed, it can be inferred by the description of her husband. Both of these women were described as callous, unfaithful women.
Daisy was especially cruel when it came to significant issues. She ran over a woman and killed her, yet afterwards Daisy simply went home and ate dinner. She cared more about the heat than the person she murdered. Judy was heartless when it came to the men who adored her. For example, when a new man arrived in town she immediately dropped her plans with her boyfriends, to go out with the new man. It did not matter to her how the other men felt. She went out with the new man while still making them think she felt something for them.
These two women had many beaus as young girls, perhaps encouraging their careless behavior, since they knew their money could protect them. They knew better than to marry underprivileged men, for that would take away their luxurious lifestyle.
F. Scott Fitzgerald included the idea that these women would not marry poor men, because his own wife had postponed their marriage until he had earned some money by selling his first book ("Winter Dreams."585). Judy and Daisy were resemblances of Zelda Fitzgerald; thus they had to deny poor men of their hands in marriage, forcing them to attempt to gain wealth. Daisy did this by marrying Tom Buchanan, while Jay Gatsby was in the army. Judy on the other hand said she would marry a poor man if she knew he was poor from the beginning of their relationship; "...a man I cared about...told me...he was as poor as a church mouse...if I’d thought of him as poor...my interest...would have survived the shock..." ( "Winter Dreams" 593). In this way Judy and Daisy were forms of Zelda.
Zelda, F. Scott’s model for Daisy and Judy’s characters, ended her life as a senile woman. While writing these stories, Fitzgerald’s wife, Zelda, was in and out of the mental hospital, yet neither woman in these two stories is shown as senile. Though Daisy cheats on her husband just as Zelda did, and all three women are in unhappy marriages.
Jay Gatsby, Dexter Green, and F. Scott Fitzgerald all loved women who were not truly what they seemed. Though Gatsby himself was not what he seemed. He lied about his background, both about his business and past life. Dexter did not tell people where he grew up, but rather used the name of the town he was born in (and so telling the truth in an offhand manner).
These men, who had a common dream, all wanted the perfect wife. They built up the women they desired, by putting them on pedestals of perfection, which no human could ever achieve. These men reflected Fitzgerald’s own life.
In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald described his own first meeting with his wife by putting Gatsby at an army camp. Though of course the events were altered, he still made his characters reflect his own problems, such as lack of money. He showed how Gatsby and Green, like him, had to struggle to become wealthy. Fitzgerald’s characters reflected him, but as he wrote Fitzgerald took out some of the undesirable traits in him.
He presented Jay Gatsby as the kind of person who did not drink or involve himself in wild parties. In reality Fitzgerald often partook in wild parties and got drunk. Also unlike his characters Fitzgerald did achieve his dream, he got his wife Zelda; though he was unhappy with the results of his dream.
Judy Jones and Daisy Buchanan, when examined blend into Zelda, just as Jay Gatsby and Dexter Green blend into F. Scott Fitzgerald. The stories told were simply altered events of F. Scott’s life experiences, from the luxurious charming women to the men who were unstoppable in their desire for them.  F. Scott Fitzgerald and his wife’s personalities were displayed.


The Grapes of Wrath – Study Guide Questions     Chapters 1-16

1. What do you learn about the setting of the novel in the first chapter?
  We learn that story is set in Oklahoma where a drought is taking place. Here thick  clouds of dust cover the sky and earth. This dust is killing the crops of tenant farmers and creeping into their homes. At night the dust is so thick it blocks out the stars and a in the day the sun beats down.

2. Who is the hitchhiker in Chapter 2? What do you learn about him and his family as   he talks to the truck driver who gives him a lift?
  The hitchhiker is young Tom Joad who just came out of jail. During his ride with the truck driver he tells him he killed a man while drunk, that his father has forty acres of land, and that he has not had any correspondence with his father since going to jail because his father does not like to write. Thus he does not know how every thing is at home.

3. Explain the symbolism of the land turtle in Chapter 3.
The land turtle may represent humanity in general. It shows how one may struggle to get to a certain destination, and along the way others may attempt to stop one’s journey. Steinbeck maybe saying that like this turtle one must pick themselves up and keep going. In the turtle’s case one woman try’s to avoid him so as to not hit him. This may represent the farmer’s wives who, described in the first chapter, try to help their husband’s as they struggle to make end’s meet. As the turtle continues his journey a young man try’s to hit him. This may be showing the idea that young people do not understand and sympathize with the struggle of life.

4. Who is Jim Casy?
  Jim Casy is a former reverend. He was the one who baptized Tom in an irrigation ditch. He now wonders about his faith and the true meaning of religion.

5. Compare Pa Joad with Uncle John.
  Uncle John seem spontaneous, he lives in the moment. This idea can be inferred from Tom’s story of the pig. Tom says that one time Uncle John killed a pig and instead of saving it he tried to eat all of it because he had a taste for it. On the other hand Pa thought it would be better to save it for the future (letting it rot).

6. What do Casy and Tom discover when they reach the Joad Farm?
  They discover that the Joad family is no longer living on the premises and the house has been partially knocked down. Weeds and crops have grown where the Joads once walked.

7. What is the conflict between the owners and the tenants of the farms?
  The owners say the tenants must leave the land because the banks are demanding there money. The owners say that they would make more money if a part of the profits did not go to the tenants. The tenant farmers can not accept this. To them this is their land though they don’t own it buy law, they feel they own it because their blood and hard work is in the ground and generations of them have lived on this land.

8. What do Tom and Jim learn about the whereabouts of the Joad family from Muley Graves?
They learn that the Joad family is living with Tom’s Uncle John until they have enough money to go to California.

9. Describe Muley’s life and his manner of survival.
Muley is the Joad’s old neighbor, he now lives in a cave on the side of a bank. He lives like a “weasel”; he hides from the deputy sheriff in the fields and eats rabbits and other animals for food. So basically he is living like a criminal, because he is trespassing on others land.

10. What do you learn about the social conditions of the period, from Chapter 7, on                used cars and used car dealers?
  At the time new cars were to expensive for the common man, thus they bought used cars. The used car dealers knew the people desperately needed cars and had no knowledge of them. Thus they sold them cars that were not worth there price. These car dealers were very greedy and took advantage of the poor men who came to them. They cheated the people out of their money.

11. Name the members of the Joad family and describe each one.
  Pa Joad is a decent man with a thick beard, who seems to be worn down by the condition of his life. He seems to care a great deal about the well being of his family, thus he works very hard to keep them fed and content. Ma Joad seems to be the strength of the family. She is described as a strong, understanding woman. She is the one who takes care of the family, holding them together. Grampa Joad is a feisty old man who loves his family. He is described as a man with a once violent temper that is now expressed in words (as he fights with Granma). Granma also fights with her husband, but unlike him she is a religious person. Noah Joad is Tom’s older brother who is thought to have a birth defect. He is described as a slow and quiet person, who does not really show any emotion for his family. Al Joad is Tom’s little brother. He acts like any sixteen year old boy in the way that his family says he has been away all night. Although he acts like a normal teenager he seems to be very adult-like and mature when he talks about the car and his responsibility towards the family. Rosasharn and Uncle John are not actually introduced in Chapter 8, but Uncle John is mentioned. Uncle John is described as a wild man whose wife died when she had stomach pains and Uncle John did not get a doctor for her.

12. How does Jim compare himself to Jesus?
  Jim compares himself to Jesus by saying like him, he wanders in the woods. He does not understand everything and has mixed up feelings just as Jesus did. This “prayer” that Casy gives connects his philosophy that humans are just as holy as the characters described in the Bible.

13. What mention is made of grapes in Chapter 8? What do they seem to symbolize?
  Grampa mentions grapes, saying he wants to be able to reach out in any direction    and eat them. They symbolize a type of fulfillment, or contentment with life.

14. What note of doubt does Ma express about California at this point?
  She says she is not sure that it will be as nice as it sounds. She wonders if they will be as happy as they think they will be once they are there.

15. What does Casy say he is going to do in California?
He says his is going to work in the fields with “his people”. He wants to have a sense of community, and provide everyone with happiness.

16. How were Uncle John, Pa, and Al taken advantage of when they went to town to sell the household goods?
These men were taken advantage of because they did not know how to trick the buyer into paying more. They were farmers, not salesmen, so they did not know how to make it seem like they were not desperate to sell.

17. What decision is made about Casy by the Joad family?
The Joad family decides to allow Casy to come with them to California. This decision shows that they have accepted Casy into their family.

18. Describe the final preparations the family makes before leaving for California.
  Rose of Sharon packed the children’s clothes, shoes and other family members clothing. Then she dragged out the mattresses and blankets. Tom gathered all the tools they had left. Then he packed up all of the utensils and pans from the kitchen. Ma and Noah butchered the pigs in the Kitchen, and then Casy helped with salting them down. Ma packed away a few of her mementos and burned the rest. Finally they put everything on the truck.  

19. What problem does Grampa create? How is the problem solved?
  Grampa say he does not want to leave “his land”. This causes a problem because the Joads cannot leave him on the land, which will be plowed over soon. He cannot fend for himself in his old age so they must find away to force him to go. The solution they come up with is mixing some medicine in his coffee so that he will go to sleep. Then they carry him onto the truck.

20. List a number of adjectives or phrases that describe what the Joads left behind.
   “A knife the blade half gone...” “...couple of dog...” “..them chickens...” “...empty rooms...” Debris leftover, shards of broken windows, and dust filled the rooms. “...ragged curtains...” and boxes.
21. What two losses are suffered by the Joad family in Chapter 13?
  First, while at the gas station, their dog was hit by a car. Then, when they set up camp for the night Grampa had a stroke and died.

22. What important idea does Casy express when he prays at Grampa’s burial?
  They have yet to choose their path in life, but the dead are just the dead. Those living must continue there struggle because the dead have stopped their struggles.
23. How does the Wilson family’s adoption or acceptance by the Joad’s signify what Casy has been saying?
  It shows what Casy has been saying because he says to work together in your struggles so as to be able to overcome the obstacles. He says to become a “we” instead of an “I”.

24. What picture of activity does Chapter 15 give of activity along highway 66?
  The road is lined with diners and as stations. Truck drivers fill the diners and people traveling west fill the gas stations. Numerous different kinds of cars go past the diners and gas stations.

25. What dreams do Connie and Rose of Sharon have for a better future?
  They dream of having new things for their child. They want a little white house, a car, and a nice store of their own. They have simple yet hard to achieve dreams.

26. What bad luck befalls the Joads and Wilson’s in Chapter 16?
  The Wilson's car broke down causing the family to stop for the day. Tom and Al find out that the can rod is broken. This means they must waste money and time replacing the broken part.

27. Who seems to take charge of the situation? How?
  Tom takes charge of the situation because he is one of the eldest sons and one of the most knowledgeable when it comes to cars. He immediately tells Al what to do and tells his parents to keep going saying they will catch up to them later on. Tom starts directing everyone, thus taking charge.

28. What is the reason for Ma’s revolt?
  She does not want her family to split up. She is also worried about Tom, because left alone he may get into trouble. She is a mother, thus worries about her children.

29. What names are the Joads called at the campground that makes them feel that others look on them as “shiftless” humans?
They are called vagrants, and “goddamn bums”. These names make them feel like shiftless beings because the proprietor seems to look down on them. The Joads know that they are good, honest people, but the proprietor does not seem to care.

30. What do the Joads refuse to do that causes the owner of the campgrounds to look on them unfavorably?
  They refuse to pay for Tom and the other men who are on the Wilson’s car; because they say they have already paid once and that is enough.

31. What very discouraging news do the Joads learn from the ragged man on the porch at the campground?
  He tells them that work is needed, but the employers have printed out an excess of hand bills so that more people will come to work. The more people who respond to the bills, the less the farmers have to pay workers, because they can be easily replaced by others who are waiting in line for the job. The ragged man also informs the Joads that the workers are living in filthy camps in ditches by the farms and are starving due to the low wages.
The Grapes of Wrath – Study Guide Questions     Chapters

Chapters 17-25
1. Cite at least two things that happen (ch.18) that indicates the Joad family is “breaking up.”?
Noah decides he is not needed in the family and leaves. Also Ma seems really
disturbed. Along with that Granma’s health is family further deteriorating the family. The
Wilson’s decided to stay behind because Sairy’s health is failing further breaking up the
“family unit.

2. As the Joads camp by the river when they first cross the border into California they learn a new meaning for the term “Okie.” What is the new meaning?
The new meaning is “dirty son-of-a-bitch”, useless, “scum”, instead of just someone from
Oklahoma.
3. What is Casy’s reaction to the story of the man with a million acres? Is there any parallel to a biblical story here?
He realizes that anyone who is that rich is usually alone. He is not really that rich in a
spiritual sense, because he is not kind like Mrs. Wilson was when she gave up her tent
for Grampa. Casy knows that this “million acre man” is disappointed and unhappy and
that is why he is afraid of dying.
4. Why does Uncle John think he may be bringing bad luck to the family?
He thinks he is bad luck because he did not call the doctor when his wife was dying.
He feels that he killed her, and thus is bad luck for his family.  
5. What evidence is there of Ma’s strength and ability to take charge as the family crosses the California desert?
The evidence of Ma’s strength is her ability to cope with the death of Granma. She also
displays strength by sitting with a dead corpse until they cross the desert. She does
not tell anyone so they do not worry. She takes charge by hiding the fact that
Granma is dead from the inspector and her family in order to make sure they get to
their destination without any trouble.
6. Chapter 19 discusses the history of California. According to Steinbeck, three things can be learned from history that relates to land owners and migrants. What are these three things?
There are several things that relate to land owners and migrants from history. Steinbeck says when there are no little farms, just large ones, and majorities of the people are
poor, then they will take what they want by force. The repressed people will strengthen
and come together to take what they need.
7. What other than the fact of the loss of a family member is upsetting the Joads about Granma’s death?
They know that she would have wanted a nice funeral, but they cannot afford to give
her one. So they are depressed by the fact that they cannot even give her a proper
burial.
8. How does the first camp in California at which the Joads stay contrast to their hopes?
They hoped that in California things would be better, but from the state of disarray the
camp is in, things start to look bleak. The camp is described as gray tents, cars and
homes made of scrap metal all scattered about.
9. What do the Joads learn about the hand bills and why so many were distributed?
They learn that the farmers who are hiring have thousands of handbills made even
when they only need a few hundred workers. The farmers supposedly do this so that
when all the people show up they can lower the wages by saying that if one person
will not take the job the next in line will take it.
10. What further loss of family members – “breaking up” – does the family experience in Chapter 20?
Casy is arrested in place of Tom, when Tom knocks out a cop who came to the
camp. Also Connie walks off, leaving Rose of Sharon, after she tells him that they must
have a house before the baby is born.
11. What does it mean to be “bull simple”?
It means to be pushed around so much that one does not have the courage to say
anything. These people are “cop-happy”, or mentally abused.
12. What threat is used by the authorities to force the people out of the camp to Tulare to work?
The deputy says that they are going to have to clear out the camp because of the
board of health’s orders. They also say that their maybe people (farmers, etc...) will
come to the camp with pick handles if the camp does not clear out.
13. How does Casy attempt to repay the Joads for their kindness to him?
When Tom hits the deputy and knocks him out, Casy tells Tom to go hide in the willows until the cop leaves because otherwise Tom would be arrested and put in jail again. Casy sacrifices his freedom in order to help keep the Joad family together by not depriving them of Tom.

14. What does Ma mean when she says “we’re the people, we go on.” Relate this to Ma feeding the hungry children.
When Ma says this she means that unlike the rich people they will live on. They know
the real value of the land and respect it, thus they will be the people who will keep it
alive. The wealthy farmers are soft people whose children, like them, will die off faster
because they do not know how to live a hard life. The children Ma feeds are hard,
They are not afraid of death and pain. They are peaceful, they do not fight over the
stew but rather silently eat it together, showing how they are civil even in tough times.
The farmers on the other hand are being violent; they do not want to share their land thus they beat the migrants down. Also Ma shows a sense of community by feeding the children. The farmers are hostile and want to keep everything for themselves. They do
not have Ma’s sense of community.

15. Compare in a number of respects the Hooverville Camp and the government camp.
The Hooverville camp is in a state off disorder. Little gray tents and cars are scattered
randomly across the land. The camp is filthy and the people in the camp are not as
kind and generous as those in the government camp. The government camp on the
other hand is well organized. The tents are set in straight lines. There are clean
bathrooms, and a nice grocery store. There are also places for children to play and women to wash clothes.
16. Despite their bleak existence, the migrants do have some simple pleasures. Name several.
In the government camp they have flushing toilets and showers. Also they have dances
every Saturday that allows them to relax and take some pleasure in their lives. In the evening people gather around and tell stories or play music also providing entertainment for the weary migrants. Along with that they can get credit at the grocery store enabling
them to buy more food. 

17. What does the handling of the intruders at the dance show abut the migrants and their abilities to organize?
It shows that these people are sensible and have the ability to organize and peacefully
take care of things. This basically proves what the wealthy farmers fear, that the
migrants can organize when they want to and take control.
18. What is ironic about the insistence of the committee that there be no violence or brutality?
They have the right to want to act with violence because these men are trying to break
up their camp which is upsetting. Thus it is ironic that the men want to make sure
they do not hurt the intruders. Also the farmers and cops call the migrants, vagrants
and say that they are uncivil, but rather the farmers themselves act uncivil by trying to
hurt the migrants. The residents of the government camp know that the problem can
be dealt with peacefully.

19. How is the small land owner helpless and at the mercy of the large owner?
The small landowner is helpless because he is usually under debt, thus the large landowner can control him by saying if he does comply then he will lose his land.

20. What is your understanding of the final sentence of Chapter 25?
My understanding is that like the grapes that are overripe and falling, the migrant’s anger is overfilling. Like the grapes that are ready to fall, the migrants are ready to organize and fight. The vines are drooping with the weight and need support just as the workers
need financial support and support to fight the injustices committed against them.
The Grapes of Wrath – Study Guide Questions     Chapters 26-30
1. Cite two examples from Chapter 26 that show Ma as taking over the leadership of the family?
Ma is wise and knows the family has to leave despite the fact that they like the
comfort of the camp. She tells Pa that they must move on and find work. When Tom
kills the deputy who killed Casy Ma takes charge again, directing the children and men
on what they need to do to protect Tom.

2. Describe the Joad’s reception and the conditions at the Hooper ranch?
They make their way through angry crowds along the road, being escorted into the
camp by police so they do not get hurt. Once inside they are greeted by indifferent
bookkeepers who simply give them instructions. The camp is made up of fifty box-like
houses, a water tank, and a grocery store. Also, by each row of houses are two armed
guards giving the camp a jail-like feel.

3. Why is Ma displeased when she goes to the store to purchase food for supper?
When she goes there she learns that the food is of low quality and is priced higher then it should be. She realizes that they have their work cut out for them if they ever
want to have a decent meal.

4. What does Tom discover about the true situation at the camp when he crawls under the fence and goes outside of the camp?
He learns that the previous workers are on strike, because the wages were lowered
from five cents a box to two and half cents a box.

5. Tom again meets Casy. What is Casy now doing?
Casy is leading the strike at the camp over the wages. He is trying to help his fellow
men survive the hard times by leading them in the fight for a better life.

6. How does Casy die? What does he say just before his death? Draw a parallel between this phrase and a statement Jesus made just before his death.
Casy is hit by a pick handle and his skull is crushed. Before his death Casy says that
the cops don’t know what they are doing, they are starving children. Christ said the
same thing before his death to the men who were crucifying him, he said to them that
they did not know what they were doing.

7. After Tom is injured there is a change in Rose of Sharon. How does she first react and how does she later show a more mature attitude?
At first she is hysterical, saying that her baby has no chance because of all the sins in the family. She thinks that what the “Jesus-lover” woman said at the government camp is true, that her baby will be abnormal due to the fact that her husband left her, and that Tom killed two men. Later she seems to start to control her emotions, and like Ma try’s to protect Tom by standing by the door to prevent anyone from coming inside.

8. When the Joads move on to pick cotton they make every effort to protect Tom. How do they do this?
When they leave, they hide him in between the mattresses on the truck so that he can
pass the guards. Then once they reached the cotton fields they make Tom hide in the
brush near the camp. This way they can give him food and protect him from the cops.

9. Describe their living conditions at this time.
The Joads live in a boxcar they share with one other family. Here they pick cotton all
day and eat meat at night. They earn enough money to buy clothes for themselves and
enough food.

11. Why is it necessary for Tom to leave the family at this point?
Ruthie’s mistake revealed his presence, thus endangering him and his family for hiding him if he is found. So he must leave to protect his family from getting into trouble and
him having to go to jail.
12. How has Tom changed? What does he tell Ma he is going to do? What is the meaning of the scripture he quotes?
He has become like Casy was. He has found himself while alone in the woods, like
Casy, he has come to realize that his people need help organizing, thus Tom wants to
try to help them. The scripture that Tom quotes says that when two people work
together and one falls the other can lift him up, but if one works alone he will fall and no one will be there to help him. This clearly shows how Tom feels that he must help his fellow migrants in their fight for a better life.

13. What is the mood set by Chapter 27? What does it suggest about the future of the Joads?
A bleak mood is set by this chapter. The story of the man who was never able to pay
for his cotton bag show how the Joads future is not very bright because their fellow
workers will also pick the cotton taking away from their income. Also the chapter
shows that though the migrants try hard to save money for the winter the work is not
plentiful enough for them to be able to make it through the winter.

14. What event in Chapter 28 brings a bit of joy to the Joads?
Al has decided to wed a girl, Agnes Wainwright, whose family shares the boxcar with
them.

15. What effort does Pa make to assume responsibility and leadership when the rains come?
He try’s to lead the men in creating a bank to stop the flooding. He wants to do the
right thing and help his daughter by not making her move while in labor.

16. What elements lead to despair for the Joads in the final chapter of the novel? List specific details.
The major element that leads to despair is the rain, which causes a flood. At first the
men try to hold back the water by building a makeshift dam, but a tree falls by it
and the water breaks through it. Rose of Sharon goes into labor, thus the Joads have
no choice but to stay where they are because they don’t know if they will be able to
find another dry place to stay. As the men are digging Rose of Sharon screams, which
makes Uncle John uneasy because his wife died screaming in pain. This reminder of
Uncle John’s wife seems to foreshadow the death of the baby. The dead baby is in
itself an element of despair, it makes Ma and Pa sad because they feel guilty for not
being able to provide their daughter with the proper nutrition a pregnant woman needs.
The baby is born a “...blue, shriveled little mummy.” This seems to symbolize despair for
the Joads because a baby is supposed to be a soft, rosy-cheeked child that brings joy
to the family, but rather in this case the baby causes the Joads pain. It is in a way the
baby’s fault that they could not leave the camp and now their truck is waterlogged, and
the boxcar is flooded.

17. At the end of the novel how does Rose of Sharon show that she understands Casy’s message that all men are part of the brotherhood of man?
She shows that she understands by letting the sick man drink milk from her breast. She
proves that people are one big soul and together we can solve each others problems.
Her milk meant for her dead baby helps her fellow man, proving that as Tom said to
Ma, “Two are better then one, because they have a good reward for their labor. For if
they fall, the one will lif’ up his fellow...”
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