moving supplies

The Red Ball Express was an enormous convoy system created by Allied forces to supply their forces moving through Europe following the breakout from the D-Day beaches in Normandy. The term "Red Ball" was a railroad phrase referring to express shipping. The system lasted only three months, from August 25 to November 16, 1944, when the port facilities at Antwerp were opened. The term is often used to refer to all WWII European supply convoys by historians and the veterans themselves.

The French railway system had been destroyed by Allied air power prior to the invasion in order to deny their use to the German forces, but thereby leaving trucks the only way to move supplies forward. After the breakout and race to the Seine River there were twenty-eight Allied divisions in the field. Include boxes, foam, peanuts, tubes, stretching film, and kits. For offensive operations each division would consume about 700-750 tons of supplies a day, a total of about 20,000 tons. At its peak the Red Ball operated 5,958 vehicles, and carried about 12,500 tons of supplies a day.

In order to keep the supplies flowing without delay, two routes were opened from Cherbourg to the forward logistics base at Chartres. The northern route was used for moving supplies forward, the southern for returning trucks. Civilian traffic was denied use of both roads. Convoys of no less than five trucks were allowed, to be escorted in front and behind by a jeep. Includes information and services for people relocating.