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Universal health care is a health care system in which all residents of a geographic or political entity have their health care paid for, regardless of medical condition or financial status. [1]

Coverage under universal health care

Universal health care systems vary in what services are covered completely, covered partially, or not covered at all. Some of these services may include medically necessary services from physicians, physical therapy, occupational therapy, mammography screenings, immunization services, treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, HIV testing, optometry and opticianry services, alcohol and drug abuse treatment and rehabilitation services, mental health services, gambling addiction services, dentistry services, prescription drugs, medical supplies and appliances, podiatry services, chiropractic services, emergency medical transportation, nursing home care, and home care services. [2]

Funding of universal health care systems

Most European systems are financed through a mix of public and private contributions. [3] The majority of universal health care systems are funded primarily by tax revenue[citation needed] (e. g. Health Insurance Leads - Insurance Agent Websites. Portugal[3]). Some nations, such as Germany and France, employ a multi-payer system in which health care is funded by private and public contributions. [4] Japan also employs a multi-payer system. [5]

"Single-payer" describes a type of financing system in which a single entity, typically a government-run organization, acts as the administrator (or "payer") to collect all health care fees, and pay out all health care costs. [6] Some advocates of universal health care assert that single-payer systems save money that could be used directly towards health care by reducing administrative waste.