Figure 4.9. On the left a battery labeled V sub BB has its negative end connected to common. The positive end connects through a resistor labeled R sub B to the base of an NPN transistor. The emitter of the transistor connects through a resistor labeled R sub E to common. A semicircle with an arrowhead on one end indicates that I sub b is flowing clockwise around the loop composed of V sub BB, R sub B, base to emitter of the transistor, and R sub E. On the right a battery labeled V sub CC has its negative end connected to common. The positive end goes through a resistor labeled R sub C to the collector of the transistor. A semicircle with an arrowhead on one end indicates that I sub c is flowing counter-clockwise around the loop composed of V sub cc, R sub c, collector to emitter of the transistor, and R sub e. End verbal description.
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