1. The early response when a person receives a severe cut in a traffic accident and is losing blood at a rapid rate, a number if things would occur in the body to compensate for the drop in blood pressure. For one in the sympathetic system the adrenalin will increase your heart heart rate this would then increase the amount of blood pumped and increase pressure in the blood. The early response to blood loss are compensatory, i.e., progressive vasoconstriction of cutuneous, muscle, and visceral circulation to preserve blood flow to the kidneys, heart, and brain. Finally at the cellular level, the poorly perfused and oxygenated cells initially compensate by shifting to anaerobic metabolism, which furthers results in the formation of lactic acid and the development of metabolic acidosis.
A late occurrence for the compensation for the drop in blood pressure due to a severe cut in a traffic accident would be in the Angiotensin apparatus. The Juxtaglomerular apparatus senses a drop in blood pressure and releases rennim. Rennin catalyzes Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin. Increases reabsorption or sodium increases the osmotic pressure of the blood. ADH also increases blood volume through reabsorbtion of water.
6. There are a number of differences between hypertension and hypotension. First of hypertension or high blood pressure, elevated blood pressure which results in the increase in the amount of blood pumped by the heart or from increased resistance to the flow of blood through the small arterial vessels. Hypertension is generally defined as blood pressure reading greater than 140 over 90.
Hypertension means high blood pressure. High blood pressure is an increased pressure in your blood vessels, and therefore there is less space for your blood to travel through.
Where as hypotension is any blood pressure bellow the normal expected for an individual in a given environment. Hypotension is the opposite of hypertension. When the causes are unknown in Hypertension it is called primary, or essential hypertension. Causes of Hypertension are different from that of Hypotension. Causes of Hypertension can be identified e.g.; a disorder of the adrenal glands, kidneys, or arteries. Factors such as heredity obesity, smoking, and emotional stress are thought to play a role in the causes of Hypertension. Where as in Hypotension causes can result of conditions from the nervous system or others. Neurologic conditions that can lead to low blood pressure include changing position from lying to more vertical, stoke, shock, lightheadedness after urinating or defecating. Noneurologic conditions that can cause Hypotension include bleeding, infections, and dehydration, heart disease, pregnancy, poisons, toxic shock syndrome and blood transfusion reactions. The final important difference between Hypertonic and Hypotension is that Hypertension is considered as a silent killer does only have a few clear or noticeable symptoms. Where as in Hypotension have clear- noticeable symptoms such as dizziness and fainting.
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