Another example of the various and inconsistent definitions of emotional abuse would be one given by Giovannoni and Becerra. Unlike Garbarino and Pearl, Giovannoni and Becerra do not give a list of types of emotional abuse but rather a simple definition. Their view is that emotional child abuse focuses on denial of life experiences, blaming the child for family problems and providing invalid feelings all of which cause the child to feel unloved, unwanted, incapable and insecure (21).
