[NCBI] [PubMed] Entrez PubMed Nucleotide Protein Genome Structure PMC Journals Books Search for [Image] Limits Preview/Index History Clipboard Details About Entrez [Image] [spacer gif][back to About Entrez] Show: [back to About Entrez] Items 1-94 of 94 One page. Text Version 1: J Int Acad Periodontol. 2003 Oct;5(4):106-15. Related Articles, Links Entrez PubMed Overview Adjunctive periodontal treatment with Centella asiatica and Punica granatum extracts. A Help | FAQ preliminary study. Tutorial New/Noteworthy Sastravaha G, Yotnuengnit P, Booncong P, Sangtherapitikul P. E-Utilities Out-Patient Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. PubMed Services Journals Database BACKGROUND: Centella asiatica and Punica granatum are medicinal herbs that have been MeSH Database reported to promote tissue healing and modulate host responses. The purpose of this Single Citation Matcher study was to investigate the effects of the combined extracts from C. asiatica and P. Batch Citation Matcher granatum pericarp on periodontal healing following scaling and root planing in adult Clinical Queries periodontitis patients. METHODS: An innovative herbal medicament was formulated in the LinkOut form of biodegradable chips for subgingival application. Twenty patients with initial Cubby pocket depth 5-8 mm were enrolled into the study. After baseline examination, scaling and root planing of non-target teeth, the target teeth received scaling and root planing Related Resources followed by subgingival delivery of medicated chips in the test group and unmedicated Order Documents chips in the placebo group. Probing pocket depth, attachment level, bleeding on probing, NLM Gateway gingival index, and plaque index were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: The TOXNET results showed significant improvements of pocket depth and attachment level in the test Consumer Health sites when compared with the placebo sites at 3 months and with the placebo and control Clinical Alerts sites at 6 months. All treatment sites exhibited a similar trend of decreasing plaque ClinicalTrials.gov score. However, the test sites seemed to show slightly better percentage of bleeding on PubMed Central probing. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that local delivery with C. asiatica and P. granatum extracts plus scaling and root planing significantly reduced the clinical signs Privacy Policy of chronic periodontitis. PMID: 14604059 [PubMed - in process] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2: Carbohydr Res. 2003 Oct 31;338(22):2393-402. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Structure and potential immunological activity of a pectin from Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. Wang XS, Dong Q, Zuo JP, Fang JN. Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, 555 Zu-Chong-Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, 201203, Shanghai, PR China S3A was a RG-I pectin isolated from Centella asiatica that contained Rha, Ara, Gal, Glc and GalA in molar ratio of 1.0:0.6:1.5:0.2:1.1 and had been found to have a backbone composed mainly of the disaccharide repeat unit, -->4)-alpha-D-GalpA-(1-->2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->. Based on methylation analysis, NaIO(4) oxidation, partial acid hydrolysis and lithium-treatment, the structural features were elucidated. Side chains of S3A were predominantly linked to O-4 of 1,2,4-linked alpha-L-Rhap. The side chains are comprised of arabinosyl chains, galactosyl chains, arabinogalactosyl chains and short glucosyl chains. A total of 45% Rhap in the backbone was substituted by side chains. The arabinosyl residues were mostly distributed in the arabinosyl side chains. According to the immunological results of S3A and its degraded derivatives, S3A had no immunological activity, but its derivatives had immuno-stimulating activities to some extent. PMID: 14572724 [PubMed - in process] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3: Planta Med. 2003 Aug;69(8):725-32. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Gene expression changes in the human fibroblast induced by Centella asiatica triterpenoids. Coldren CD, Hashim P, Ali JM, Oh SK, Sinskey AJ, Rha C. Malaysia-MIT Biotechnology Partnership Program, Cambridge, MA, USA. The molecular pathways underlying the diverse biological activity of the triterpeniod compounds isolated from the tropical medicinal plant Centella asiatica were studied with gene microarrays and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) to quantify the expression of 1053 human genes in human fibroblasts. Fibroblast cells grown in culture were used as a model system to evaluate the stimulation of wound healing by titrated extract from Centella asiatica (TECA) as well as by the four principal triterpenoid components of Centella. TECA treatment effects the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis and the remodeling of extracellular matrix, as well as diverse growth factor genes. The extent of expression change of TNFAIP6, an extracellular hyaluronan binding protein, was found to be largely dose-dependent, to respond most strongly to the free acids asiatic acid and madecassic acid, and to increase in expression over 48 hours of treatment. These results show that Centella triterpenes evoke a gene-expression response consistent with their prevailing medical uses in the treatment of connective tissue disorders such as wound healing and microangiopathy. The identification of genes modulated by these compounds provides the basis for a molecular understanding of Centella's bioactivity, and opportunities for the quantitative correlation of this activity with clinical effectiveness at a molecular level. PMID: 14531023 [PubMed - in process] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2003 May-Jun;30(5-6):336-42. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Effect of Centella asiatica on cognition and oxidative stress in an intracerebroventricular streptozotocin model of Alzheimer's disease in rats. Veerendra Kumar MH, Gupta YK. Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India. 1. Centella asiatica, an Indian medicinal plant, has been described as possessing central nervous system activity, such as improving intelligence. In addition, we have demonstrated that C. asiatica has cognitive-enhancing and anti-oxidant properties in normal rats. Oxidative stress or an impaired endogenous anti-oxidant mechanism is an important factor that has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive deficits seen in the elderly. 2. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) streptozotocin (STZ) in rats has been likened to sporadic AD in humans and the cognitive impairment is associated with free radical generation in this model. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of an aqueous extract of C. asiatica (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg for 21 days) was evaluated in i.c.v. STZ-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in rats. 3. Male Wistar rats were injected with STZ (3 mg/kg, i.c.v.) bilaterally on the days 1 and 3. Cognitive behaviour was assessed using passive avoidance and elevated plus-maze paradigms on the days 13, 14 and 21. Rats were killed on the day 21 for estimation of oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase) in the whole brain upon completion of the behavioural task. 4. Rats treated with C. asiatica showed a dose-dependent increase in cognitive behaviour in both paradigms. A significant decrease in MDA and an increase in glutathione and catalase levels were observed only in rats treated with 200 and 300 mg/kg C. asiatica. 5. The present findings indicate that an aqueous extract of C. asiatica is effective in preventing the cognitive deficits, as well as the oxidative stress, caused by i.c.v. STZ in rats. PMID: 12859423 [PubMed - in process] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5: Pharmazie. 2003 Jun;58(6):381-4. Related Articles, Links An improved HPLC method for quantitative determination of six triterpenes in Centella asiatica extracts and commercial products. Schaneberg BT, Mikell JR, Bedir E, Khan IA. National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA. An improved HPLC qualitative and quantitative method of six triterpenes (asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, terminolic acid, and asiaticoside-B) in Centella asiatica (raw plant material and preparations) is described in this paper. After 50 minutes the six active triterpenes were separated and detected in the methanolic extract at a limit of 0.01 microg/ml. The method uses a Phenomenex Aqua 5mu C18 (200 A) column as the stationary phase, a gradient mobile phase of water (0.1% TFA), acetonitrile (0.1% TFA), and methyl tert-butyl ether (0.1% TFA), and UV detection at 206 nm. The correlation coefficients for the calibration curves and the recovery rates ranged from 0.995 to 0.999 and from 98.39% to 100.02%, respectively. The qualitative and quantitative results are discussed. PMID: 12856998 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6: Fitoterapia. 2003 Jul;74(5):431-4. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Anti-oxidant activity of Centella asiatica on lymphoma-bearing mice. Jayashree G, Kurup Muraleedhara G, Sudarslal S, Jacob VB. Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biosciences, MG University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India. jayashree@mbu.iisc.ernet.in Oral treatment with 50 mg X kg(-1) day(-1) of crude methanol extract of Centella asiatica for 14 days significantly increased the anti-oxidant enzymes, like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and anti-oxidants like glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid decreased in lymphoma-bearing mice. PMID: 12837356 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Feb;74(3):579-85. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Effect of Centella asiatica on pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling, cognition and oxidative stress in rats. Gupta YK, Veerendra Kumar MH, Srivastava AK. Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, 110029, New Delhi, India. ykg@hotmail.com Cognitive impairment in epileptics may be a consequence of the epileptogenic process as well as antiepileptic medication. Thus, there is a need for drugs, which can suppress epileptogenesis as well as prevent cognitive impairment. In the present study, the effect of aqueous extract of Centella asiatica (CA) (100 and 300 mg/kg), an Indian medicinal plant known to possess antiepileptic, cognitive-enhancing and antioxidant property, was evaluated on the course of kindling development, kindling-induced learning deficit and oxidative stress markers in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindled rats. Male Wistar rats were injected PTZ (30 mg/kg ip) once every alternate day (48+/-2 h) until the development of the kindling. Passive avoidance test and spontaneous locomotor activity were carried out 24 and 48 h after the last administration of PTZ, while the oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA] and glutathione) were carried out in the whole brain upon completion of the behavioral assessment. The administration of CA (300 mg/kg orally) decreased the PTZ-kindled seizures and showed improvement in the learning deficit induced by PTZ kindling as evidenced by decreased seizure score and increased latencies in passive avoidance behavior. However, low dose of the CA (100 mg/kg) showed improvement only in the learning deficit due to the kindling and failed to improve the seizure score. The findings suggest the potential of aqueous extract of CA as adjuvant to antiepileptic drugs with an added advantage of preventing cognitive impairment. PMID: 12543222 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2000 Apr;25(4):199-202. Related Articles, Links [Resources distribution and pharamacognostic identification of Centella asiatica (L.) urban produced in China] [Article in Chinese] Chen Y, Qin LP, Zheng HC, Zhang ZH. College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the resources distribution and morphological histology of Centella asiatica distributed in China, and offer evidences for exploiting the plant resources and drafting the quality standards. METHOD: Sample collection, document investigation and microscopic section observation. RESULT: A table of resources distribution was worked out, the medicinal properties and the microscopic characteristics of the stem, leaf and stipe were described. CONCLUSION: This study supports the viewpoint of Urban and can be used as a reference for the quality standard of Centella asiation. PMID: 12512431 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9: Phytother Res. 2002 Dec;16(8):785-6. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Radioprotection of Swiss albino mouse by Centella asiatica extract. Sharma J, Sharma R. Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India. Centella asiatica, has a considerable reputation in the Indian system of medicine. It is a rasayan (general tonic), brain tonic, improves memory and strengthens the CNS. In view of its multifarious uses, the plant extract was tested for its radioprotective properties. A sublethal dose of Co 60 gamma radiation, i.e. 8 Gy was selected for the purpose. Animals were divided into two groups. The whole bodies were irradiated with Co 60 gamma radiation externally, with and without drug extract. The drug extract was given orally at different doses and for different time intervals. The dose that was most effective against radiation was 100 mg/kg body weight. This dose increased the survival time of the mice significantly. Body weight loss of the animals in the drug treated group was significantly less in comparison with the animals that were given radiation only. The causes and mechanism of protection and other aspects need further investigations. Copyright 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. PMID: 12458490 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10: J Cosmet Sci. 2002 Jul-Aug;53(4):209-18. Related Articles, Links An in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo demonstration of the lipolytic effect of slimming liposomes: An unexpected alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonism. Tholon L, Neliat G, Chesne C, Saboureau D, Perrier E, Branka JE. Coletica, 32 rue Saint Jean de Dieu, 69007 Lyon, France. Most of the slimming products already developed for cosmetic applications did not result from strategies that integrate whole lipolysis-regulating mechanisms. We thus focused our attention on a more complete integration of these mechanisms and we developed slimming liposomes (SLC) containing two micro-circulation activators, i.e., esculoside and Centella asiatica extracts, one phosphodiesterase inhibitor, i.e., caffeine, and one fatty acid-beta oxidation activator, i.e., L-carnitine. The validity of our approach was assessed through (a) in vitro tests demonstrating that SLC induced a dramatic increase in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content in human adipocytes, with a subsequent rise in the nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) content of human adipocyte incubation medium, and (b) in vivo studies showing that SLC could provide an actual potent slimming effect on human volunteers. Moreover, we give here, through binding experiments, the unambiguous demonstration that SLC is able to antagonize the alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor that is known to reduce intracellular AMPc content and, subsequently, to down-regulate lipolysis. This alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonism has never been reported for any component of SLC, and this work is the first demonstration of the alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonism of such a combination of active liposome compounds. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Controlled Clinical Trial PMID: 12219247 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11: Phytother Res. 2002 Aug;16(5):440-4. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] In vitro anti-hepatoma activity of fifteen natural medicines from Canada. Lin LT, Liu LT, Chiang LC, Lin CC. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Canada. Fifteen crude drugs, Stellaria media Cyrill. (Caryophyllaceae), Calendula officinalis L. (Compositae), Achillea millefolium L. (Compositae), Verbascum thapsus L. (Scrophulariaceae), Plantago major L. (Plantaginaceae), Borago officinalis L. (Boraginaceae), Satureja hortensis L. (Labiatae), Coptis groenlandica Salisb. (Ranunculaceae), Cassia angustifolia Vahl. (Leguminosae), Origanum majorana L. (Labiatae), Centella asiatica L. (Umbelliferae), Caulophyllum thalictroides Mich. (Berberidaceae), Picea rubens Sargent. (Pinaceae), Rhamnus purshiana D.C. (Rhamnaceae) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae), which have been used as folk medicine in Canada, were evaluated for their anti-hepatoma activity on five human liver-cancer cell lines, i.e. HepG2/C3A, SK-HEP-1, HA22T/VGH, Hep3B and PLC/PRF/5. The samples were examined by in vitro evaluation for their cytotoxicity. The results showed that the effects of crude drugs on hepatitis B virus genome-containing cell lines were different from those against non hepatitis B virus genome-containing cell lines. C. groenlandica was observed to be the most effective against the growth of all five cell lines and its chemotherapeutic values will be of interest for further studies. Copyright 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. PMID: 12203264 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12: J Ethnopharmacol. 2002 Feb;79(2):253-60. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Effect of different extracts of Centella asiatica on cognition and markers of oxidative stress in rats. Veerendra Kumar MH, Gupta YK. Department of Pharmacology, Neuropharmacology Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India. Centella asiatica, a plant mentioned in Indian literature has been described to possess CNS effects such as stimulatory-nervine tonic, rejuvenant, sedative, tranquilizer and intelligence promoting property. In the present study aqueous, methanolic and chloroform extracts of C. asiatica were investigated for their effect on cognitive functions in rats. Male Wistar rats of 200-250 g were used to study the effect on learning and memory by using shuttle box, step through, step down and elevated plus maze paradigms. Only the aqueous extract of whole plant (200 mg/kg for 14 days) showed an improvement in learning and memory in both shuttle box and step through paradigms. Therefore, further experiments were conducted with aqueous extract using 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg doses in different paradigms of learning and memory. All doses of aqueous extract increased the number of avoidances in shuttle box and prolonged the step through latency in step through apparatus in a dose dependent manner, while only two doses 200 and 300 mg/kg of aqueous extract showed significant increase in the step down latency in step down apparatus and transfer latency (TL) in elevated plus maze. Among doses of aqueous extract tested on oxidative stress parameters, only 200 and 300 mg/kg showed a significant decrease in the brain levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) with simultaneous significant increase in levels of glutathione. There was a significant increase in the levels of catalase at the 300 mg/kg but no significant change in superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were observed. The present findings indicate that the aqueous extract of C. asiatica has cognitive enhancing effect and an antioxidant mechanism is involved. PMID: 11801389 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13: Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 2000 Jul-Aug;108(1-2):75-86. Related Articles, Links Asiatic acid derivatives protect cultured cortical neurons from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Lee MK, Kim SR, Sung SH, Lim D, Kim H, Choi H, Park HK, Je S, Ki YC. College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea. Asiatic acid, a triterpene of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Umbelliferae), has been patented as a treatment for dementia and an enhancer of cognition by the Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft (EP 0 383 171 A2). We modified the chemical structure of asiatic acid and obtained 36 derivatives of asiatic acid in an attempt to prepare neuroprotective compounds that were more efficacious than asiatic acid itself. The neuroprotective activities of these derivatives were evaluated using primary cultures of rat cortical neurons insulted with the neurotoxin, glutamate, as an in vitro screening system. Among the semi-synthesized derivatives, three derivatives significantly mitigated the neurotoxicity induced by glutamate in this screening system. The neuroprotective activities of these 3 derivatives appeared to be more powerful than that of asiatic acid itself. These 3 derivatives significantly attenuated decreases in the levels of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and other enzymes, which participate in the cellular defense mechanisms blunting oxidative stress. Furthermore, they significantly reduced the overproduction of NO induced by glutamate. These results showed that these derivatives of asiatic acid exerted significant neuroprotective effects on cultured cortical cells by their potentiation of the cellular oxidative defense mechanism. Therefore, these agents may prove to be efficacious in protecting neurons from the oxidative damage caused by exposure to excess glutamate. PMID: 11758977 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S9-13. Related Articles, Links Total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica in chronic venous insufficiency and in high-perfusion microangiopathy. Incandela L, Cesarone MR, Cacchio M, De Sanctis MT, Santavenere C, D'Auro MG, Bucci M, Belcaro G. Vascular Unit, Ealing Hospital, London, UK. Total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica (TTFCA) is effective in improving venous wall alterations in chronic venous hypertension and in protecting the venous endothelium. TTFCA is active on connective tissue modulation, improves the synthesis of collagen and other tissue proteins by modulating the action of fibroblasts in the vein wall, and stimulates collagen remodeling in and around the venous wall. This is due to the modulating action of TTFCA on fibroblasts as shown by experiments on the growth of human embryonal fibroblasts. TTFCA has a moderate in-vitro and in-vivo stimulating effect on collagen synthesis and, at higher dosages, an inhibition on the synthesis of collagen and acid mucopolysaccharides. Studies have indicated the role of TTFCA on the synthesis of specific venous wall elements by cell cultures of human embryonal fibroblasts. The tissue-stimulating action is shown by the increased collagen production independent from the stimulation of cell proliferation (this differentiates the action of TTFCA from cell growth factors). TTFCA is active on the microcirculation in venous and diabetic microangiopathy. Signs and symptoms of venous hypertension and edema are improved by treatment. The remodeling on collagen synthesis could be one of the possible mechanisms of actions of TTFCA in the remodeling of echolucent (soft; therefore, with risk of thrombosis and embolization) plaques at the carotid and femoral bifurcation. This compound is safe and well tolerated. In conclusion, several actions of TTFCA in vascular diseases makes the use of this compound very interesting in venous and arterial problems. Publication Types: o Review o Review, Tutorial PMID: 11666128 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S69-73. Related Articles, Links Modification of the echogenicity of femoral plaques after treatment with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Incandela L, Belcaro G, Nicolaides AN, Cesarone MR, De Sanctis MT, Corsi M, Bavera P, Ippolito E, Griffin M, Geroulakos G, Sabetai M, Ramaswami G, Veller M. Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital at Imperial College, London, UK. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether TTFCA (total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica), was effective, by modulating collagen production, in a period of 12 months, increasing the echogenicity of echolucent plaques at the femoral bifurcation. Hypoechoic atherosclerotic plaques have been found to be associated with an increased evidence of cerebrovascular events. In this type of plaques stromal composition is limited as the collagen component is generally very low; the plaque composition is mainly due to lipid accumulation or thrombosis. The aim of this study was the evaluation of echogenicity of hyperechoic plaques and how it could be modified by a drug acting on the modulation of collagen synthesis. Antiplatelet agents were used in all patients; cholesterol-lowering agents were used in 34% of patients in the treatment group and in 36% in the placebo group. TTFCA was used at the dose of 60 mg thrice daily (oral tablets). Of the 60 included subjects 26 completed the study in the treatment group and 24 in the placebo group. At inclusion the average GSM in the treatment group was 14 (SD 3) and 14.3 (SD 3) in controls. At 12 months GSM was increased up to 22.8 (SD 4) in the treatment group and it was 15 (SD 3) in controls. Considering texture no significant changes were observed in controls while a qualitative increase in homogenicity was observed in the TTFCA group. Plaque size measured at the beginning and at the end of the study showed a median increase in size, in controls (23%; range 0%-44%); it was unchanged in the TTFCA group (variation 7%; 4%-26%). In conclusion in the treatment group plaques increased in echogenicity and in homogenicity; size and stenosis remained unchanged. Modulating the scarring process within echolucent plaques (low echogenicity, high echolucency, with a very low collagen/stromal component), possibly by collagen modulation, makes plaques more stable. This has been achieved and documented in the present study by an increase in the gray-scale median (plaques become more echogenic, more 'white'). The variation in GSM is generally associated with a lower risk of wall thrombosis, rupture and embolization. These observations indicate a positive action of TTFCA on the stabilization of hypoechoic, low-density femoral plaques. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666127 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S61-7. Related Articles, Links Total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica in the treatment of venous hypertension: a clinical, prospective, randomized trial using a combined microcirculatory model. Incandela L, Belcaro G, De Sanctis MT, Cesarone MR, Griffin M, Ippolito E, Bucci M, Cacchio M. Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK. A single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study was performed on the effects of different doses of the total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica (TTFCA) in patients with venous hypertensive microangiopathy. A combined microcirculatory model that considers laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and transcutaneous oxygen (PO2), transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) measurements was combined with the symptom evaluation. LDF tests included the baseline resting flow, the venoarteriolar reflex, and the variation of flow related to the temperature increase. All tests provided a significant difference between drug-treated groups and the placebo group, thereby allowing a distinction to be made between the higher (120 mg daily) and the lower (60 mg daily) dose of TTFCA. Transcutaneous PO2-PCO2 measurements were significantly modified by drug treatments, while no variation could be detected in the placebo group. Important symptomatologic effects (evaluated by subjective scores) followed TTFCA administration, especially at the higher dose level, while no effect was obtained with placebo. The trend of symptom evaluation paralleled the results of objective tests of our microcirculatory model, providing evidence that this model can reveal effects of venoactive drugs on venous hypertensive microangiopathy. TTFCA displays a significant activity. Doses as high as 120 mg daily may be safely used in venous hypertension. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666126 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S55-9. Related Articles, Links Treatment of edema and increased capillary filtration in venous hypertension with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica: a clinical, prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized, dose-ranging trial. De Sanctis MT, Belcaro G, Incandela L, Cesarone MR, Griffin M, Ippolito E, Cacchio M. Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK. The variation of capillary filtration rate (CFR), ankle circumference (AC), and ankle edema (AE) was evaluated in three groups of patients with venous hypertension (ambulatory venous pressure >42 mm Hg) and in a group of normal subjects before and after treatment for 4 weeks with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica (TTFCA), a venoactive drug acting on the microcirculation and on capillary permeability. Group A (20 patients)was treated with TTFCA 60 mg thrice daily, group B (20 patients) was treated with 30 mg thrice daily; group C (12 patients) was treated with placebo; and group D (10 normal subjects) was treated with TTFCA 60 mg thrice daily in a randomized study. Capillary filtration rate was assessed by venous occlusion plethysmography, ankle edema by a new system called AET (ankle edema tester). Subjective symptoms of venous hypertension were assessed by an analogue scale line considering four symptoms: swelling sensation, restless lower extremity, pain and cramps, and tiredness. CFR, AC, and AE were significantly higher in patients in comparison with normal subjects. After 4 weeks of TTFCA treatment, there was a significant decrease of CFR, AC, and AET time in patients. This was also greater in the higher dose group. No significant change was observed in the placebo group and in normal subjects treated with TTFCA. Symptoms were also significantly improved in the two groups treated with the active drug according to the dose. No significant changes were observed in the placebo group. In conclusion, the improvement of signs and symptoms by TTFCA observed in patients with venous hypertension was well correlated with the improvement of CFR and ankle edema. Dose ranging showed that 180 mg/day is more effective in improving symptoms and CFR. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666125 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S49-54. Related Articles, Links Evaluation of treatment of diabetic microangiopathy with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica: a clinical prospective randomized trial with a microcirculatory model. Cesarone MR, Incandela L, De Sanctis MT, Belcaro G, Bavera P, Bucci M, Ippolito E. Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK. Fifty patients with diabetic microangiopathy were studied by laser Doppler flowmetry (measuring skin blood flow at rest) (RF) and the venoarteriolar response (VAR), by transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2 measurements, and by capillary permeability evaluation (rate of ankle swelling [RAS]). Thirty of these patients were treated for 6 months with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica (TTFCA) (60 mg twice daily), a drug active on microcirculation and capillary permeability. A control group of ten patients was treated with placebo and another group of ten patients was left without treatment thus acting as a second control group. After six months there were no significant changes in the two control groups. There was a significant improvement of microcirculatory parameter in patients treated with TTFCA. RF (abnormally increased at the beginning of the treatment) decreased, and the VAR (impaired at the beginning of the study) improved. PO2 increased and PCO2 decreased the abnormally increased capillary permeability was also improved (decreased). According to these data, TTFCA is useful in diabetic microangiopathy by improving microcirculation and decreasing capillary permeability. Also TTFCA protects against the deterioration of microcirculation due to diabetic microangiopathy. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666124 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S45-8. Related Articles, Links Microcirculatory effects of total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica in chronic venous hypertension: measurement by laser Doppler, TcPO2-CO2, and leg volumetry. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rulo A, Griffin M, Ricci A, Ippolito E, De Sanctis MT, Incandela L, Bavera P, Cacchio M, Bucci M. Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK. The aim of this prospective, randomized study was to demonstrate whether an oral preparation of TTFCA was effective in improving the microcirculation and edema (leg volume) in venous microangiopathy. Forty patients with venous hypertension were included. Treatment was prescribed for 6 weeks (tablets, 60 mg twice daily). Patients were randomized into a treatment and a placebo group. There were 20 patients in each group. In the treatment group the mean age was 42 (SD 7; M:F = 10:10); in the placebo group, the mean age was 40 (SD 9; M:F = 10:10). Tolerability and compliance were very good; there were no dropouts. At inclusion there were no differences between placebo and treatment group. After treatment there was a decrease in resting flux (29%) and an improvement (increase) in venoarteriolar response (52%); PO2 was increased (7.2%) and PCO2 decreased (9.6%). There was an important decrease in leg volume (66 mL decrease; 1.3% volume variation). The difference in flux, O2-CO2 and volume parameters were significant and clinically important at 6 weeks in the treatment group. In conclusion, TTFCA improves microcirculation and leg volume in venous hypertension. The effects of TTFCA are observed even in a limited sample of patients. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666123 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S33-7. Related Articles, Links Flight microangiopathy in medium- to long-distance flights: prevention of edema and microcirculation alterations with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica. Cesarone MR, Incandela L, De Sanctis MT, Belcaro G, Geroulakos G, Griffin M, Lennox A, Di Renzo AD, Cacchio M, Bucci M. Irvine Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital at Imperial College, London, UK. The aim of this study was the evaluation of microcirculatory alterations associated with edema in passengers travelling for more than 3 hours and the study of the effects of TTFCA (total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica) on the development of microcirculation alterations and edema, in a prospective, randomized study. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2, rate of ankle swelling (RAS) were used. Subjects were randomized after informed consent into two groups: one control group (no drug or other treatment), and a treatment group (TTFCA 60 mg thrice daily for 2 days before the flight, the day of the flight, and for another day after the flight). Inclusion criteria were age range between 30 and 50, mild-moderate superficial venous disease with varicose veins. Subjects traveled in economy class. In controls there was a progressive increase in CO2, RAS, and edema score and a progressive decrease in flux (RF) and venoarteriolar response with flying time. The variations in all parameters were milder (p>0.05) in the TTFCA group. RAS and edema were significantly lower in the TTFCA-treated group (p<0.025). The progressive increase in RAS, PCO2, and the decrease in VAR and O2 were linearly associated with flight time (up to 10 hours). These results are very interesting and indicate an option for patients prone to edema and microcirculation disturbances during long flights. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666121 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S27-31. Related Articles, Links Treatment of diabetic microangiopathy and edema with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica: a prospective, placebo-controlled randomized study. Incandela L, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, De Sanctis MT, Nargi E, Patricelli P, Bucci M. Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK. The aim of this study was to demonstrate in a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized study, whether total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica (TTFCA) is effective in improving the microcirculation in diabetic microangiopathy and neuropathy, Patients with severe diabetic microangiopathy, neuropathy, and edema; patients with microangiopathy without neuropathy; and healthy subjects were included. Microangiopathy was defined by laser Doppler and capillary filtration (rate on ankle swelling). Inclusion criteria were increase in resting flux and rate of ankle swelling; decrease in venoarteriolar response (VAR) and alteration in flux increase with temperature. Patients were randomized: the treatment group received TTFCA (tablets, 60 mg twice daily for 12 months); those in the placebo group received similar tablets. Healthy controls were followed up as a reference. Groups were comparable; there were no dropouts. There were no differences in the treatment and placebo groups at inclusion. Treatment was well tolerated; no side effects were reported. No variations were observed in normals at 12 months. In the neuropathy A-group, decreases (p<0.05) in RF and RAS were observed in the two treatment groups. The decrease in RAS was associated with a decrease in edema (p<0.05) in both treatment groups. The differences in flux (38%) and in VAR (38%) were associated with a decrease (28%) in the rate of ankle swelling (p<0.05). In patients without neuropathy (B-group) the decrease in flux was 22%, the VAR increased 22.7%, and the RAS decreased 9.5% at 12 months. The variations in normals and the progressive deterioration observed in untreated patients in both groups indicates the difference between treatment and placebo. In conclusion, the decrease in capillary filtration and edema is associated with symptomatic improvement. The action on edema is beneficial for the evolution of neuropathy. The effects of TTFCA on flux, RAS, and edema are important in early stages of microangiopathy to avoid progression to clinical stages. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666119 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S19-25. Related Articles, Links Increase in echogenicity of echolucent carotid plaques after treatment with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica: a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Nicolaides AN, Geroulakos G, Bucci M, Dugall M, De Sanctis MT, Incandela L, Griffin M, Sabetai M. Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica (TTFCA), was effective in modulating collagen production over 12 months, by producing an increase in echogenicity in echolucent carotid plaques. Part I was a pilot study aimed at evaluating the effects of TTFCA on different types of plaques. Part II was a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial aimed at evaluating the effects of TTFCA on hypoechoic-echolucent plaques. The sonographic examination of carotid plaques was made with high-resolution ultrasound. Capturing, digital image processing, and normalization were standardized, interobserver, intrascanner, gain-level variability were standardized using as reference blood (black) for the most echolucent parts of the plaque and the adventitia (white) as the most echogenic part. Normalization of echo texture was obtained and plaque characterization differentiated echo-texture of plaque associated with events and those that did not cause embolization, thrombosis, or cardiovascular events. After identifying plaques at higher risk, patients were treated with TTFCA (oral tablets, 60 mg, thrice daily for 12 months) to evaluate whether this compound, by modulating collagen synthesis, could increase the echogenicity and therefore the stability of echolucent plaques. Part II was aimed at evaluating the effects of TTFCA on hypoechoic-echolucent plaques. Asymptomatic patients with echolucent plaques (GSM<18) were treated with TTFCA (60 mg, oral tablets three times daily for 12 months) or with comparable placebo after informed consent. All patients were also treated with antiplatelet agents. In part 1, at inclusion the GSC in the hypoechoic group was 15 (range, 12-18) while in the hyperechoic group it was 26 (range, 24-31); at 6 months it was increased in the hypoechoic group and at 12 months the increase was significant (19.5; p<0.05). There was a minor increase in GSM in the hyperechoic group (30; ns). In part II in the treatment group there was a significant difference in GSM (increase) at 12 months (p<0.05), improvement in texture (p<0.05) and a nonsignificant decrease in stenosis. No changes were observed in the placebo group. Events were observed in 6.5% of patients in the TTFCA group and in 11% in the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion these observations suggest a positive action of TTFCA on the stabilization of hypoechoic, low-density carotid plaques. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666118 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S15-18. Related Articles, Links Effects of the total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica in venous hypertensive microangiopathy: a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, De Sanctis MT, Incandela L, Cacchio M, Bavera P, Ippolito E, Bucci M, Griffin M, Geroulakos G, Dugall M, Buccella S, Kleyweght S, Cacchio M. Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK. The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica (TTFCA), was effective in improving the microcirculation in venous hypertension and microangiopathy. Forty patients with severe venous hypertension, ankle swelling, lipodermatosclerosis were included. After informed consent, patients were randomized into a treatment and a placebo group: those in the treatment group received TTFCA (tablets, 60 mg, twice daily for 8 weeks). The two groups of subjects were comparable for age and sex distribution. The mean age was 48 years (SD 9; M:F= 11:11) in the treatment group (22 patients) and 47.6 (SD 7; M:F= 10:8) in the placebo group (18 patients). There were no differences between placebo and treatment group at inclusion; there was no change between inclusion and measurements at 8 weeks in the placebo group. A decrease (p < 0.05) in RF (flux at rest) and RAS (rate of ankle swelling) were observed in the treatment group. The decrease in capillary filtration was associated with improvement in signs and symptoms (p < 0.05). The difference in flux, signs and symptoms, and filtration was clinically important at 8 weeks. No side effects were observed. In conclusion venous microangiopathy was improved by TTFCA treatment. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11666117 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2001 Oct;49(10):1368-71. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Medicinal foodstuffs. XXVII. Saponin constituents of gotu kola (2): structures of new ursane- and oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, centellasaponins B, C, and D, from Centella asiatica cultivated in Sri Lanka. Matsuda H, Morikawa T, Ueda H, Yoshikawa M. Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan. Ursane- and oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, centellasaponins B, C, and D, were isolated from the aerial parts of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban cultivated in Sri Lanka together with madecassoside, asiaticoside, asiaticoside B, and sceffoleoside A. The chemical structures of centellasaponins B, C, and D were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence to be madecassic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, madasiatic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and 3beta,6beta,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively. PMID: 11605675 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25: Food Chem Toxicol. 2001 Nov;39(11):1045-53. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Evaluation of the cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of emerging edible plants. Yen GC, Chen HY, Peng HH. Department of Food Science, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. gcyen@mail.nchu.edu.tw This study evaluates the toxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of emerging edible plants that are consumed as new leafy vegetables in Taiwan. Among eight plant extracts, only the extracts of Sol (Solanum nigrum L.) showed cytotoxicity to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 in the absence of S9 mix. The toxicity of extracts from different parts of the Sol plant, such as leaf and stem, immature fruit and mature fruit, towards S. typhimurium TA100 and human lymphocytes was also assayed. The immature fruit extracts of Sol exhibited strong cytotoxicity with dose dependence and induced significant DNA damage in human lymphocytes based on the comet assay. However, no mutagenicity was found in eight plant extracts to TA98 or TA100 either with or without the S9 mixture. Sol and Sec [Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz] extracts showed the strongest inhibitory effect towards the mutagenicity of 2-amino-3-methyl-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100; the ID(50) was less then 1 mg/plate. Cra [Crassocephalum creidioides (Benth.) S. Moore] extracts also expressed moderate antimutagenic activities towards IQ and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) either in TA98 or in TA100; the ID(50) was 1.63-2.41 mg/plate. The extracts from Bas (Basella alba L.), Bou (Boussingaultia gracilis Miers var. pseudobaselloides Bailey), Cen (Centella asiatica L. Urban), Cor (Corchorus olitorius L.) and Por (Portulaca oleracea L.) showed weak to moderate inhibition of mutagenicity of IQ. However, the potential antimutagenicity of these plant extracts towards B[a]P was weaker than that towards IQ. For a direct mutagen, 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (NQNO), only the Sol extracts showed strong inhibitory effects in the TA100 system. The antimutagenic activity of water extracts of Sec was partly reduced by heating at 100 degrees C for 20 min. The heat-stable antimutagens in Sec extracts could be produced in the plant extract preparation process. Fractions with molecular weights above 30,000 showed the strongest antimutagenicity and peroxidase activity in all the fractions of the Sec extracts. PMID: 11527563 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 26: Indian J Exp Biol. 2001 Feb;39(2):137-42. Related Articles, Links Effect of Centella asiatica Linn on physical and chemical factors induced gastric ulceration and secretion in rats. Sairam K, Rao CV, Goel RK. Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. Centella asiatica is commonly mentioned as a Rasayana in Ayurveda, an ancient system of Indian medicine for various ailments including abdominal disorders. Rasayanas have been advocated for use in rejuvenation therapy. The present study was conducted to evaluate the possible anti-ulcerogenic activity of fresh juice of C. asiatica (CAJ) against ethanol-, aspirin-, cold-restraint stress- and pyloric ligation induced gastric ulcers in rats. The drug given orally in doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg twice daily for five days, showed significant protection against all the above experimental ulcer models and the results were comparable with those elicited by sucralfate (SF, 250 mg/kg, p.o., BD x 5 days). CAJ showed little or no effect on offensive acid-pepsin secretion. However, at 600 mg/kg CAJ significantly increased gastric juice mucin secretion and increased the mucosal cell glycoproteins signifying increase in cellular mucus. It also decreased cell shedding indicating fortification of mucosal barrier. Thus, the ulcer protective effect of CAJ may be due to strengthening of the mucosal defensive factors. PMID: 11480209 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 27: Phytomedicine. 2001 May;8(3):230-5. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] In vitro keratinocyte antiproliferant effect of Centella asiatica extract and triterpenoid saponins. Sampson JH, Raman A, Karlsen G, Navsaria H, Leigh IM. The Centre for Bioactivity Screening of Natural Products, King's College London, UK. Psoriasis is a hyperproliferative skin disorder estimated to be present in 1-3% of most populations. Conventional therapy using corticosteroids, Vitamin D analogs and cytotoxic agents eg psoralens is associated with low success rate and many side effects. Traditional plant remedies may provide leads for new treatments. A rapid-throughput, in vitro bioassay has been utilised to examine plants for inhibitory effects on the growth of SVK-14 keratinocytes. Centella asiatica, a reputed anti-psoriatic herb, has been compared against the psoralen-containing seeds of Psoralea corylifolia and the synthetic anti-psoriatic agent dithranol (anthralin). Aqueous extracts of Psoralea corylifolia and Centella asiatica inhibited keratinocyte replication with IC50 values of 18.4 +/- 0.6 microg/ml and 209.9 +/- 9.8 mg/ml respectively prior to treatment with polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) and 36.3 +/- 3.3 mg/ml and 238.0 +/- 2.5 mg/ml respectively after PVPP treatment of the extracts. The effect produced by C. asiatica is thus unlikely to be due to phenolic compounds. It may, however, be due to its two constituent triterpenoid glycosides madecassoside and asiaticoside which had IC50 values of 8.6 +/- 0.6 microM respectively. These values were comparable to their concentrations in the crude extract and to the IC50 of dithranol (5.1 +/- 0.4 microM). These results suggest that the potential use of C. asiatica extracts as a topical anti-psoriatic agent is worthy of further investigation. PMID: 11417919 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 28: Physiol Behav. 2001 May;73(1-2):19-23. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Protection against radiation-induced conditioned taste aversion by Centella asiatica. Shobi V, Goel HC. Radiation Biology Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Lucknow Marg, New Delhi 110 054, India. Radiations are known to cause behavioural perturbations like conditioned taste aversion (CTA), performance decrement, learning, etc., even at very low doses. The manifestation of radiation-induced behavioural degradation has not been understood well and requires further studies. Therefore, the effects of low-dose whole-body 60Co gamma-irradiation in male rats were studied in terms of body weight and CTA learning. For CTA, the consumption of saccharin solution was considered as a parameter. To protect against the adverse effects of radiation, Centella asiatica (aqueous extract) was tested and compared with ondansetron, a standard antiemetic drug. A dose of 2 Gy incurred significant body weight loss [t(9)=9.00, P<.05] and induced CTA in rats [t(26)=9.344, P<.01]. Administration of C. asiatica (100 mg/kg bw ip, 2 Gy, -1 h) rendered significant radioprotection against radiation-induced body weight loss and CTA that became evident on the second postirradiation day [t(7)=0.917, P>>.05; t(7)=4.016, P>.05]. Ondansetron (1 mg/kg bw) elicited higher degree of protection against CTA [t(7)=3.641, P>.05] than C. asiatica [t(7)=7.196, P>.05] on the first postirradiation day, but on the second postirradiation day, both were equally effective [t(7)=3.38, P>.05; t(7)=4.01, P>.05]. In case of C. asiatica-treated animals, however, there was a consistently declining CTA from the second to the fifth postirradiation day whereas in ondansetron-treated animals it was inconsistent. Present investigation suggests that C. asiatica could be useful in preventing radiation-induced behavioural changes during clinical radiotherapy. PMID: 11399290 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29: Int J Pharm. 2001 Jun 4;220(1-2):141-7. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Development of a novel dosage form for intramuscular injection of titrated extract of Centella asiatica in a mixed micellar system. Kim C, Hwang YY, Chang JY, Choi HG, Lim SJ, Lee MK. College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Ku, 151-742, Seoul, South Korea. ckkim@plaza.snu.ac.kr Titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA), a drug used in treating systemic scleroderma, is poorly water-soluble. A conventional dosage form for the intramuscular injection of TECA, propylene glycol (PG)-based TECA solution, causes severe pain after intramuscular injection. To improve the solubility of TECA and reduce pain after injection, mixed micellar systems composed of 10% surfactant mixture (Tween 20 and Tween 85) and 90% phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.0 (PBS) were prepared. As the ratio of Tween 20 to Tween 85 increased from 0:10 to 10:0, the solubility of TECA in the mixed micellar systems increased from 7- to 26-fold compared to that in PBS (pH 7.0). The droplet size of micelles gradually decreased with the increasing ratio of Tween 20 to Tween 85 from 0:10 to 4:6, followed by an abrupt decrease in size above the ratio of 6:4. Furthermore, the micellar systems prepared with Tween 20 and Tween 85 at the ratio of 6:4, 8:2 or 10:0 could solubilize TECA more than 10 mg/ml and the resultant droplet sizes were less than 2 microm. No significant changes were observed in the droplet sizes and asiaticoside contents in these micellar formulations during storage, indicating these systems are stable for at least 60 days. Their osmotic pressures were remarkably lower than those of PG-based TECA solution and similar to that of saline solution, irrespective of dilution ratios. Most importantly, they markedly reduced the number of writhes compared with PG-based TECA solution after injection to mice. All of these results suggest that these three TECA micellar formulations prepared with Tween 20 and Tween 85 improved the solubility of TECA and reduced pain following injection, possibly due to the decrease in osmotic pressure. Thus, these micellar formulations composed of optimum ratios of Tween 20 and Tween 85 may have a potential as dosage forms for the intramuscular injection of a poorly water-soluble TECA. PMID: 11376976 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30: Altern Med Rev. 2001 Apr;6(2):126-40. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Hemorrhoids and varicose veins: a review of treatment options. MacKay D. Thorne Research, 4616 SE 30th, Portland, OR 97202, USA. mackaynd@earthlink.net Hemorrhoids and varicose veins are common conditions seen by general practitioners. Both conditions have several treatment modalities for the physician to choose from. Varicose veins are treated with mechanical compression stockings. There are several over-the-counter topical agents available for hemorrhoids. Conservative therapies for both conditions include diet, lifestyle changes, and hydrotherapy which require a high degree of patient compliance to be effective. When conservative hemorrhoid therapy is ineffective, many physicians may choose other non-surgical modalities: injection sclerotherapy, cryotherapy, manual dilation of the anus, infrared photocoagulation, bipolar diathermy, direct current electrocoagulation, or rubber band ligation. Injection sclerotherapy is the non-surgical treatment for primary varicose veins. Non-surgical modalities require physicians to be specially trained, own specialized equipment, and assume associated risks. If a non-surgical approach fails, the patient is often referred to a surgeon. The costly and uncomfortable nature of treatment options often lead a patient to postpone evaluation until aggressive intervention is necessary. Oral dietary supplementation is an attractive addition to the traditional treatment of hemorrhoids and varicose veins. The loss of vascular integrity is associated with the pathogenesis of both hemorrhoids and varicose veins. Several botanical extracts have been shown to improve microcirculation, capillary flow, and vascular tone, and to strengthen the connective tissue of the perivascular amorphous substrate. Oral supplementation with Aesculus hippocastanum, Ruscus aculeatus, Centella asiatica, Hamamelis virginiana, and bioflavonoids may prevent time-consuming, painful, and expensive complications of varicose veins and hemorrhoids. Publication Types: o Review o Review, Tutorial PMID: 11302778 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31: Minerva Cardioangiol. 2001 Apr;49(2):159-63. Related Articles, Links [Effectiveness of the combination of alpha tocopherol, rutin, melilotus, and centella asiatica in the treatment of patients with chronic venous insufficiency] [Article in Italian] Cataldi A, Gasbarro V, Viaggi R, Soverini R, Gresta E, Mascoli F. Unita Operativa Chirurgia Vascolare, Arcispedale S. Anna, Turin, Italy. alberto.cataldi@galactica.it BACKGROUND: The aim of this comparative clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of the association of alphatocopherol, rutin, melilotus officinalis, and centella asiatica with oral administration in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. METHODS: Thirty patients with chronic venous insufficiency have been randomized in two groups of fifteen subjects (control and treatment group). During the period of treatment the patients didn't wear elastocompressive stockings. The therapeutic efficacy and the clinical tolerability of this association have been valued with clinical-instrumental evaluations and by a control after 15 and 30 days. Functional bothers, cramps and the edema have been valued in function presence and of their gravity with a clinical-score between 0 and 4. RESULTS: At the end of the observation period, a significant improvement of the clinical simptomatology was obtained, characterised by a diminution of the sovrafascial edema. CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms previous clinical experiences regarding the described treatment and suggests its application in chronic venous insufficiency. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11292962 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32: J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2000 Dec;20(6):680-4. Related Articles, Links A double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the effects of Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica) on acoustic startle response in healthy subjects. Bradwejn J, Zhou Y, Koszycki D, Shlik J. Royal Ottawa Hospital and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. jbradwej@rohcg.on.ca Investigations of the pharmacologic profile of medicinal plants have revealed that a number of plants with purported anxiolytic activity bind to cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors. This finding is intriguing in view of the proposed involvement of CCK in the pathophysiology of fear and anxiety. This double-blind, placebo-controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica) in healthy subjects. Gotu Kola has been used for centuries in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety. Recent studies in the rat have shown that long-term pretreatment with Gotu Kola decreases locomotor activity, enhances elevated-plus maze performance, and attenuates the acoustic startle response (ASR). In this study, the authors evaluated the effects of Gotu Kola on the ASR in humans. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either a single 12-g orally administered dose of Gotu Kola (N = 20) or placebo (N = 20). The results revealed that compared with placebo, Gotu Kola significantly attenuated the peak ASR amplitude 30 and 60 minutes after treatment. Gotu Kola had no significant effect on self-rated mood, heart rate, or blood pressure. These preliminary findings suggest that Gotu Kola has anxiolytic activity in humans as revealed by the ASR. It remains to be seen whether this herb has therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of anxiety syndromes. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11106141 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33: Life Sci. 2000 Oct 13;67(21):2647-53. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Effects of Centella asiatica on ethanol induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. Cheng CL, Koo MW. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China. Centella asiatica is a herbal medicine widely used in China and India for wound healing. The aim of this study was to examine its effects on the prevention of ethanol induced gastric lesions in rats. Gastric transmucosal potential difference (PD) was reduced by the application of 50% ethanol in the gastric ex-vivo chamber model and Centella extract (CE) accelerated its recovery. Oral administration of CE (0.05 g/kg, 0.25 g/kg and 0.50 g/kg) before ethanol administration significantly inhibited gastric lesions formation (58% to 82% reduction) and decreased mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in a dose dependent manner. These results suggested that CE prevented ethanol induced gastric mucosal lesions by strengthening the mucosal barrier and reducing the damaging effects of free radicals. PMID: 11104366 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34: Phytomedicine. 2000 Oct;7(5):427-48. Related Articles, Links Chemical, pharmacological and clinical profile of the East Asian medical plant Centella asiatica. Brinkhaus B, Lindner M, Schuppan D, Hahn EG. Department of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, Medical Department I, Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany. benno.brinkhaus@med1.uni-erlangen.de Centella asiatica is a medicinal plant that has been in use since prehistoric times. Its active constituents include pentacyclic triterpene derivatives. Studies have been conducted in particular to investigate the madecassosides and asiaticosides. In common with most traditional phytotherapeutic agents, Centella asiatica is used in folk medicine to treat a wide range of indications. In contrast to other medicinal plants, however, Centella asiatica has been subjected to quite extensive experimental and clinical investigations. Studies done in accordance with standardized scientific criteria have shown it to have a positive effect in the treatment of venous insufficiency and striae gravidarum. Centella asiatica also appears to be effective in the treatment of wound healing disturbances. At the present time, clinical studies aimed at investigating the sedative, analgesic, antidepressive, antimicrobial, antiviral and immunomodulatory effects that have been demonstrated experimentally, are still lacking. However, the therapeutic potential of this plant in terms of its efficacy and versatility is such that further detailed research would appear worthwhile. Publication Types: o Review o Review, Tutorial PMID: 11081995 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 35: J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2000 Aug 1;23(1):61-8. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Electrospray characterization of selected medicinal plant extracts. Mauri P, Pietta P. Istituto Tecnologie Biomediche Avanzate/CNR, Milan, Italy. mauri@itba.mi.cnr.it Extracts of selected medicinal plants were examined by electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). This technique allowed identification of the main components of each extract, thereby providing a typical finger-print of the examined plants. More specifically, anthocyanins (Vaccinium myrtillus), isoflavones (Glycine max, soybean), flavonol-glycosides and terpenes (Ginkgo biloba), triterpenes (Centella asiatica), caffeoyl-quinic acids (Cynara scolymus, artichoke), ginsenosides (Panax ginseng), catechins (Camellia sinensis, green tea) and flavones and flavanones (Propolis) were detected rapidly at levels in the range of 0.1-1 microg/ml, using 0.2-1 mg/ml of each medicinal plant extract. PMID: 10898155 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 36: Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2000 May-Jun;24(3):227-34. Related Articles, Links New innovations in scar management. Widgerow AD, Chait LA, Stals R, Stals PJ. As current aesthetic surgical techniques become more standardized and results more predictable, a fine scar may be the demarcating line between acceptable and unacceptable aesthetic results. With this in mind, a scar management program has been adopted based on the modalities of wound support, hydration, and hastened maturity, all factors gleaned from scientific evidence published over the past 25 years. Tension on a scar in one axis will result in a stretched scar, probably initiated by neutrophils and their neutral proteases [18,26]. Tension on a scar from many directions or intermittently will result in a hypertrophic scar, possibly initiated by lymphocytes but definitely related to a prolongation of the inflammatory process, with increased fibroblast activity and overabundant extracellular matrix secretion [24,26]. The common initiating factor is the tension on the scar, and the critical element needed to counteract this tension is scar support. Clinical experience has shown us that the most reliable way to support a scar is by using microporous tape. Hydration is a second beneficial influence on scar control and is the basis of the use of silicone sheeting and gel [7,29,36]. Alpha Centella cream has two main components. The first is an extract from the plant Bulbine frutescens. This increases hydration under the tape by leaving a layer of fatty vesicles of glycoprotein on the skin surface. This also has antibacterial properties. The second component is the principal terpenoids extracted from the Centella asiatica plant. These include asiatic acid, madecassic acid, and asiaticoside. Centella asiatica has been documented to aid wound healing in a large number of scientific reports [5,12,21,22,33,34,40]. The most beneficial effect appears to be the stimulation of maturation of the scar by the production of type I collagen [4,19] and the resulting decrease in the inflammatory reaction and myofibroblast production. Thus these components have been incorporated into the formulation of a scar management program. This publication reviews much of the available literature relating to scar management and describes the formulation and use of a scar management program based on this information. PMID: 10890953 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 37: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000066. Related Articles, Links Creams for preventing stretch marks in pregnancy. Young GL, Jewell D. Barn Croft Surgery, Temple Sowerby, Penrith, Cumbria, CA10 1RZ. youngjckvg@compuserve.com BACKGROUND: Many women develop stretch marks (striae gravidarum) during pregnancy. A number of creams have been used to remove these stretch marks. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of topical treatments to prevent the development of stretch marks. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register. In addition, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL/CCTR) was searched. Date of last search: April 1999. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials comparing active creams with placebo for the treatment of stretch marks in pregnant women. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Trial quality was assessed and data were extracted independently by two reviewers. MAIN RESULTS: One study involving 100 women was included. Compared to placebo, treatment with a cream containing Centella asiatica extract, alpha tocopherol and collagen-elastin hydrolysates was associated with less women developing stretch marks (odds ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.99). REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: One particular cream appears to help prevent the development of stretch marks in pregnancy, but only for women who had previously suffered stretch marks in pregnancy. There is no evidence of benefit for general use. Publication Types: o Review o Review, Academic PMID: 10796111 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 38: Phytomedicine. 2000 Jan;6(6):411-9. Related Articles, Links Anti-herpes simplex virus activities of crude water extracts of Thai medicinal plants. Yoosook C, Bunyapraphatsara N, Boonyakiat Y, Kantasuk C. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. sccys@mahidol.ac.th A number of Thai medicinal plants, recommended as remedies for herpesvirus infection and have been used in primary health care were investigated for their intracellular activities against herpes simplex viruses (HSV). Centella asiatica L., Maclura cochinchinensis Cornor, and Mangifera indica L. contained both anti-HSV-1 and -2 activities, as determined by plaque inhibition assay. An inhibition of the production of infectious HSV-2 virions from infected Vero cells could also be demonstrated. Combinations of each of these reconstituted extracts with 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanosine (acyclovir; ACV) resulted either in subadditive, additive, or synergistic interaction, against HSV-2, depending on the dose of ACV used; mixture of C. asiatica and M. indica exerted an additive effect in a similar assay. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of these plant extracts were also substantiated by flow cytometric analysis of virus-specific antigens in the infected cells. The active constituent present in C. asiatica extract was determined to be asiaticoside while in M. indica was mangiferin. Thus, these data suggest therapeutic potential of these plant extracts. PMID: 10715843 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 39: Eur J Dermatol. 1999 Jun;9(4):289-96. Related Articles, Links Triterpenes from Centella asiatica stimulate extracellular matrix accumulation in rat experimental wounds. Maquart FX, Chastang F, Simeon A, Birembaut P, Gillery P, Wegrowski Y. Laboratory of Biochemistry, UPRESA CNRS 6021, IFR-53 Biomolecules, Faculty of Medicine, Reims, France. fmaquart@chu-reims.fr Titrated Extract from Centella asiatica (TECA) is a drug which has been used for many years in Europe for the treatment of wound healing defects. It is a reconstituted mixture of 3 triterpenes extracted from the plant, asiatic acid, madecassic acid and asiaticoside. In this report, we studied the effects of TECA and its separated components in the wound chamber model described by Schilling et al. Stainless steel wound chambers were surgically inserted under the skin of rats and received serial injections of either TECA or its purified components. Chambers were collected at days 7, 14, 21 or 28 for biochemical analysis or histological examination. TECA-injected wound chambers were characterized by increased dry weight, DNA, total protein, collagen and uronic acid contents. Peptidic hydroproline was also increased, showing an increased remodeling of the collagen matrix in the wound. The 3 purified components of TECA were all able to reproduce the effects of the complete drug, with some differences depending on the product. Asiatic acid and asiaticoside were the most active of the 3 triterpenes. Asiaticoside exerted a preferential stimulation of collagen synthesis and was active at low doses only. In addition to collagen, the 3 components were also able to stimulate glycosaminoglycan synthesis. PMID: 10356407 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40: Biol Pharm Bull. 1999 Jul;22(7):703-6. Related Articles, Links The effect of tetrandrine and extracts of Centella asiatica on acute radiation dermatitis in rats. Chen YJ, Dai YS, Chen BF, Chang A, Chen HC, Lin YC, Chang KH, Lai YL, Chung CH, Lai YJ. Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China. Radiation injury to the skin is one of the major limiting factors in radiotherapy. We designed this study using Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the reduction in skin injury achieved using natural products from plant extracts as protection. The acute skin reaction in tetrandrine- and Madecassol-treated animals appeared earlier, but was significantly less severe, than in the control group. The peak skin reactions in the tetrandrine group were less serious than those of the control group at three different radiation doses. At a high dose irradiation, the healing effect of tetrandrine is better than Madecassol and vaseline. The histologic findings indicate that tetrandrine and Madecassol are able to reduce acute radiation reactions by their anti-inflammatory activity. PMID: 10443466 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 41: Hindustan Antibiot Bull. 1997 Feb-Nov;39(1-4):56-60. Related Articles, Links In vitro evaluation of inhibitory nature of extracts of 18-plant species of Chhindwara against 3-keratinophilic fungi. Qureshi S, Rai MK, Agrawal SC. Department of Botany, Danielson College, Chhindwara, India. Effect of extract of 18 plant species, viz., Acorus calamus, Adhatoda vasica, Amomum subulatum, Andrographis paniculata, Boerhaavia diffusa, Cassia occidentalis, Centella asiatica, Cymbopogon citratus, Hemidesmus indicus, Hyptis suaveolens, Malvestrum sp., Passiflora edulis, Pergularia daemia, Peristrophe bicalyculata, Shuteria hirsuta, Solanum nigrum, Tecoma stans, and Verbascum chinense on the growth of Microsporum gypseum, Chrysosporium tropicum and Trichophyton terrestre was evaluated and discussed. The sensitivity of the keratinophilic fungi was evaluated by dry-weight method. The maximum inhibition of mycelial growth was shown by M. gypseum (86.62%) followed by T. terrestre (81.86%) and C. tropicum (74.06%) when treated with S. hirsuta whereas the minimum inhibition was exhibited by M. gypseum (0.29%), C. tropicum (0.16%) and T. terrestre (1.76%) when tested with the extract of P. edulis, A. vasica and B. diffusa respectively. PMID: 10386016 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42: J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Apr;65(1):1-11. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] In vitro and in vivo wound healing activity of asiaticoside isolated from Centella asiatica. Shukla A, Rasik AM, Jain GK, Shankar R, Kulshrestha DK, Dhawan BN. Pharmacology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India. gshukla@zoo.uvm.edu1 The activity of asiaticoside, isolated from Centella asiatica, has been studied in normal as well as delayed-type wound healing. In guinea pig punch wounds topical applications of 0.2% solution of asiaticoside produced 56% increase in hydroxyproline, 57% increase in tensile strength, increased collagen content and better epithelisation. In streptozotocin diabetic rats, where healing is delayed, topical application of 0.4% solution of asiaticoside over punch wounds increased hydroxyproline content, tensile strength, collagen content and epithelisation thereby facilitating the healing. Asiaticoside was active by the oral route also at 1 mg/kg dose in the guinea pig punch wound model. It promoted angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model at 40 microg/disk concentration. These results indicate that asiaticoside exhibits significant wound healing activity in normal as well as delayed healing models and is the main active constituent of Centella asiatica. PMID: 10350364 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 43: Phytother Res. 1999 Feb;13(1):50-4. Related Articles, Links Asiaticoside-induced elevation of antioxidant levels in healing wounds. Shukla A, Rasik AM, Dhawan BN. Pharmacology Department, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India. gshukla@zoo.uvm.edu Asiaticoside derived from the plant Centella asiatica is known to possess good wound healing activity. Enhanced healing activity has been attributed to increased collagen formation and angiogenesis. Since antioxidants have been reported to play a significant role in the wound healing process we studied the effect of asiaticoside on the levels of certain antioxidants in the wound so as to explore the possible involvement of such a mechanism in the asiaticoside induced wound healing. Asiaticoside application (0.2%, topical) twice daily for 7 days to excision-type cutaneous wounds in rats led to increased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, namely superoxide dismutase (35%), catalase (67%), glutathione peroxidase (49%), vitamin E (77%) and ascorbic acid (36%) in newly formed tissues. It also resulted in a several fold decrease in lipid peroxide levels (69%) as measured in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance. However, continued application for 14 days showed no significant difference in these antioxidants compared with their values in vehicle treated wound tissue. It appears from the present study that asiaticosides enhanced induction of antioxidant levels at an initial stage of healing which may be an important contributory factor in the healing properties of this substance. PMID: 10189951 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 44: J Chromatogr Sci. 1999 Feb;37(2):51-5. Related Articles, Links Extraction and analysis of cosmetic active ingredients from an anti-cellulitis transdermal delivery system by high-performance liquid chromatography. Morganti P, Fionda A, Elia U, Tiberi L. Mavi Sud, Research & Development Laboratories, Aprilia, Italy. A new transdermal delivery system that controls cellulitis is evaluated using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection. An extraction procedure and the validation of the analytical method to assay the active excipients from the Centella asiatica plant (asiaticoside, madacessic acid, and asiatic acid) are described. Excellent results ae obtained in terms of linearity, accuracy, and specificity of the analytical method. PMID: 10065405 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45: Indian J Exp Biol. 1998 Jun;36(6):569-72. Related Articles, Links Evaluation of topical formulations of aqueous extract of Centella asiatica on open wounds in rats. Sunilkumar, Parameshwaraiah S, Shivakumar HG. J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, Mysore, India. Formulations (ointment, cream and gel) of aqueous extract of C. asiatica, when applied topically, thrice daily for 24 days on the open wounds in rats increased cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site, as evidenced by increase in collagen content and tensile strength. The treated wounds epithelialised faster and the rate of wound contraction was higher as compared to control wounds. The process of healing was better with gel formulation when compared to other two formulations. PMID: 9731470 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 46: Indian J Exp Biol. 1996 Dec;34(12):1208-11. Related Articles, Links Effects of Centella asiatica extract on dermal wound healing in rats. Suguna L, Sivakumar P, Chandrakasan G. Department of Biochemistry, Central Leather Research Institute Madras, India. Effects of oral and topical administration of an alcoholic extract of C. asiatica on rat dermal wound healing was studied. The extract increased cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site, as evidenced by increase in DNA, protein and collagen content of granulation tissues. Quicker and better maturation and crosslinking of collagen was observed in the extract-treated rats, as indicated by the high stability of acid-soluble collagen and increase in aldehyde content and tensile strength. The extract treated wounds were found to epithelialise faster and the rate of wound contraction was higher, as compared to control wounds. The results show that C. asiatica produced different actions on the various phases of wound repair. PMID: 9246912 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 47: Ceylon Med J. 1996 Dec;41(4):135-40. Related Articles, Links Iron absorption from a traditional Sri Lankan weaning food and the enhancing effect of ascorbic acid in adult male volunteers. Liyanage C, Goonaratna C, Thabrew I. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka. OBJECTIVE: To study absorption of iron from Centella gruel and the enhancing effect of ascorbic acid in young adult males. DESIGN: An in vivo absorption study. SETTING: Faculty of Medicine, Galle. METHODS: The percentage of iron absorbed from the Centella gruel was measured using a double isotope technique with 55Fe and 59Fe on 10 healthy male volunteers. OUTCOME MEASURE: Percentage of iron absorption from the gruel with and without ascorbic acid. RESULTS: The mean iron absorption from each meal of Centella gruel was 2.2% (SEM 0.8). This increased to 5% (SEM 1.6) by addition of 50 mg ascorbic acid. When ingested with ascorbic acid, the bioavailable nutrient density (BND) of the weaning food was increased from 0.23 to 0.53 mg iron/1,000 kcal. To satisfy the daily physiological requirements of iron in infants and toddlers, it was calculated that apart from ascorbic acid supplementation, the total iron content also needs to be increased from 2.05 mg to 4.0 mg/meal. CONCLUSION: Centella gruel cannot provide the amount of iron to meet the BND for iron required by infants and toddlers, unless supplemented with an enhancer of iron absorption such as ascorbic acid and its total iron content is increased. PMID: 9141756 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 48: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 1996 Aug;6(1):1-18. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Phylogenetic analysis of apiaceae subfamily apioideae using nucleotide sequences from the chloroplast rpoC1 intron. Downie SR, Katz-Downie DS, Cho KJ. Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA. stephen-downie@qms1.life.uiuc.edu Phylogenetic relationships among 25 members of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) subfamily Apioideae, representing 7 of the 8 tribes and 8 of the 10 subtribes traditionally recognized in the subfamily, and 5 outgroups from Apiaceae subfamilies Hydrocotyloideae and Saniculoideae and allied families Araliaceae and Pittosporaceae have been inferred from nucleotide sequence variation in the intron of the chloroplast gene RNA polymerase C1 (rpoC1). Sequence divergence values in pairwise comparisons of unambiguous positions among all taxa ranged from 0 to 11.3% of nucleotides and averaged 3.8%. Trees derived from rpoC1 intron sequences estimated using maximum parsimony or maximum likelihood methods are of essentially similar topology, and indicate that (1) subfamily Apioideae, with Heteromorpha as its most basal element, is monophyletic and is a sister-group to Eryngium, the only representative examined of Apiaceae subfamily Saniculoideae, (2) Aralia (Araliaceae) arises from within a paraphyletic Apiaceae subfamily Hydrocotyloideae (represented by Centella and Hydrocotyle) and this clade is a sister-group to Apioideae+Saniculoideae, (3) there is a major phylogenetic division within Apioideae (excluding the basal Heteromorpha), with one clade comprising the genus Smyrnium and those taxa traditionally grouped in tribes Dauceae, Scandiceae, and Laserpitieae, and the other clade comprising all other examined taxa, and (4) relationships within each of these 2 major clades of Apioideae are largely equivocal owing to the low levels of nucleotide sequence divergence observed. Although rpoC1 intron sequences can provide valuable characters for addressing phylogenetic relationships among the outgroups and distantly related members of Apioideae, they have little power for resolving relationships among closely related taxa. PMID: 8812301 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49: Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1996 May-Jun;24(3):132-4. Related Articles, Links Allergic contact dermatitis due to Centella asiatica: a new case. Gonzalo Garijo MA, Revenga Arranz F, Bobadilla Gonzalez P. Allergology Departament, Infanta Cristina University Hospital, Badajoz Spain. We report a new case of allergic contact dermatitis due to Centella asiatica, a weak sensitizer. Patch tests with Centella asiatica at different vehicles and in different concentrations were carried out. Regarding our results, we suggest as a routine procedure to start with 1% pet, and when the test remains negative 10% pet and 2% eth 70 degrees could be used. PMID: 8766746 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50: Contact Dermatitis. 1995 Dec;33(6):435-6. Related Articles, Links Allergic contact dermatitis from butoxyethyl nicotinic acid and Centella asiatica extract. Bilbao I, Aguirre A, Zabala R, Gonzalez R, Raton J, Diaz Perez JL. Servicio de Dermatologia, Hospital de Cruces, Vizcaya, Spain. PMID: 8706410 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 51: J Ethnopharmacol. 1995 Aug 11;48(1):53-7. Related Articles, Links [Click here to read] Cytotoxic and anti-tumour properties of certain taxa of Umbelliferae with special reference to Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. Babu TD, Kuttan G, Padikkala J. Amala Cancer Research Centre, Kerala, India. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Umbelliferae) is commonly used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine to treat various diseases. The present study examines the anti-tumour effect of the crude extract (CE) of Centella asiatica as well as its partially purified fractions (AF) from chromatographic procedures by both in vitro short and long term chemosensitivity and in vivo tumour model test systems. AF dose dependently inhibited the proliferation of the transformed cell lines significantly more than did the CE and other solvent fractions. Fifty percent effective doses on hour 3 exposure to AF were 17 and 22 micrograms/ml for Ehrlich ascites tumour cells (EAC) and Dalton's lymphoma ascites tumour cells (DLA), respectively. However, practically no toxic effects were detected in normal human lymphocytes. AF also significiantly suppressed the multiplication of mouse lung fibroblast (L-929) cells at a concentration of 8 micrograms/ml in long term culture. Oral administration of the extracts (CE and AF) retarded the development of solid and ascites tumours and increased the life span of these tumour bearing mice. Tritiated thymidine, uridine and leucine incorporation assay suggest that the fraction acts directly on DNA synthesis. PMID: 8569247 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 52: Contact Dermatitis. 1994 Sep;31(3):201. Related Articles, Links Allergic contact dermatitis due to Centella asiatica extract. Danese P, Carnevali C, Bertazzoni MG. Department of Dermatology, C. Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy. PMID: 7821029 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 53: Minerva Cardioangiol. 1994 Jun;42(6):299-304. Related Articles, Links [The microcirculatory activity of Centella asiatica in venous insufficiency. A double-blind study] [Article in Italian] Cesarone MR, Laurora G, De Sanctis MT, Incandela L, Grimaldi R, Marelli C, Belcaro G. Istituto di Clinica Cardiovascolare, Universita degli Studi G. D'Annunzio, Chieti. In 87 patients with chronic venous hypertensive microangiopathy the efficacy of oral FTTCA (Centella asiatica) administered for 60 days was tested. The microcirculatory effects of two dosages (30 mg bid and 60 mg bid) versus placebo was assessed in a double blind study. The compound was well tolerated and no unwanted effects were observed. Microcirculatory parameters--peri-malleolar skin flux at rest (RF) and transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2--improved as did the abnormally increased RF, PCO2 decreased and PO2 increased in comparison with values measured at inclusion. These results confirm the efficacy of FTTCA in venous hypertensive microangiopathy. Furthermore the effects of FTTCA appear to be dose-related. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 7936334 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 54: Indian J Lepr. 1994 Jan-Mar;66(1):65-8. Related Articles, Links In vitro experiments with Centella asiatica: investigation to elucidate the effect of an indigenously prepared powder of this plant on the acid-fastness and viability of M. tuberculosis. Herbert D, Paramasivan CN, Prabhakar R, Swaminathan G. Tuberculosis Research Center (ICMR), Chetput, Madras. The herb Centella asiatica (Linn.), found throughout India, is acclaimed to have medicinal properties and has been used in leprosy patients from very early times. It is considered that the active compound of this herb, called asiaticoside, probably acts on the waxy covering of M. leprae. The in vitro effect of an indigenously produced dry powder of Centella asiatica (CA) on the acid-fastness and viability of M. tuberculosis was investigated in the present study. The results indicate that CA may not have any direct action on the acid-fastness or viability of M.tuberculosis H37Rv in vitro. Further studies using purified asiaticoside of the plant or in vivo studies are required. PMID: 7983394 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55: Contact Dermatitis. 1993 Oct;29(4):175-9. Related Articles, Links Centella asiatica (Indian pennywort), an effective therapeutic but a weak sensitizer. Hausen BM. Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Hamburg, Germany. The sensitizing capacity of Centella asiatica (raw extract) and its triterpenic constituents asiaticoside, asiatic acid and madecassic acid has been studied in guinea pigs. The extract itself as well as the 3 acids were found to be very weak sensitizers. Centella asiatica extract is used effectively in the treatment of keloids, leg ulcers, phlebitis, slow-healing wounds, leprosy, surgical lesions, striae distensae and cellulitis. Although applied frequently to damaged skin, the risk of acquiring contact sensitivity to this plant or its constituents is low. PMID: 8281778 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56: Cytotechnology. 1993;13(3):221-6. Related Articles, Links Enhancement of the attachment on microcarriers and tPA production by fibroblast cells in a serum-free medium by the addition of the extracts of Centella asiatica. Kim YN, Park YS, Kim HK, Jeon BC, Youn SE, Lee HY. Department of Food Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea. The addition of ethanol extracts of Centella asiatica showed a remarkable enhancement of fibroblast cells attachment to Cytodex beads in serum-free (SF) medium. It also improves tPA production in both batch and perfusion cultivations. The optimal concentration for SF medium was determined as 2 ppm of the extracts when using Cytodex III. In batch cultivation a high specific tPA production rate was obtained, compared to that from 5% FBS containing medium. However, a fast specific growth rate was observed in 5% FBS medium. In perfusion cultivation a reasonably good cell density and tPA production was achieved at a perfusion rate of 2.4 x 10(6) (viable cell/ml) and 0.65 (micrograms/ml), respectively at 22 ml/min. PMID: 7764663 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 57: Indian J Exp Biol. 1992 Oct;30(10):889-91. Related Articles, Links Effects of plant extract Centella asiatica (Linn.) on cold restraint stress ulcer in rats. Chatterjee TK, Chakraborty A, Pathak M, Sengupta GC. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Calcutta, India. Extract of C. asiatica (Linn.) inhibited significantly gastric ulceration induced by cold and restraint stress (CRS) in Charles-Foster rats, Antiulcer activity of plant extract was compared with famotidine (H2-antagonist) and sodium valproate (anti-epileptic). Plant extract, formotidine and sodium valproate showed a dose dependent reduction of gastric ulceration. Plant extract increased brain GABA level which was also dose dependent. Pretreatment with bicuculline methiodide (specific GABAA-antagonist) at the dose level of 0.5 mg/kg im, reversed the antiulcerogenic activity of both plant extract and sodium valproate. Bicuculline as such did not induce gastric ulceration in normal rat. PMID: 1293014 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 58: Minerva Cardioangiol. 1992 Apr;40(4):137-43. Related Articles, Links [Activity of Centella asiatica in venous insufficiency] [Article in Italian] Cesarone MR, Laurora G, De Sanctis MT, Belcaro G. Clinica Cardiovascolare, Universita degli Studi G. D'Annunzio, Chieti. In this a review concerning TTFCA, its effects on metabolism in the connective tissue of the vascular wall and on the microcirculation are presented and discussed. This compound is effective in venous insufficiency, reducing ankle edema, foot swelling, capillary filtration rate and by improving microcirculatory parameters (RF, VAR PO2-PCO2). TTFCA displays a significant activity in venous hypertensive microangiopathy and its effects are dose-dependent. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial PMID: 1528498 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 59: Contact Dermatitis. 1992 Mar;26(3):192-3. Related Articles, Links Allergic contact dermatitis from a cream containing Centella asiatica extract. Izu R, Aguirre A, Gil N, Diaz-Perez JL. Dermatology Department, Cruces Hospital, Bilbao, Spain. PMID: 1387057 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60: Phytochemistry. 1992 Jan;31(1):227-31. Related Articles, Links Triterpenoids and their glycosides from the bark of Schefflera octophylla. Sung TV, Lavaud C, Porzel A, Steglich W, Adam G. Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, National Research Centre of SRV, Hanoi, Vietnam. A new triterpene and its glycosides were isolated from the bark of Schefflera octophylla together with asiatic acid and asiaticoside. Based on spectroscopic data, especially 2DNMR, and chemical transformations the structures of the new compounds were determined as 3 alpha-hydroxy-urs-12-ene-23,28-dioic acid and 3 alpha-hydroxy-urs-12-ene-23,28-dioic acid 28-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1----4)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1----6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside. For the first time asiaticoside was isolated from a plant other than Centella asiatica. PMID: 1367880 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 61: Haematologica. 1991 May-Jun;76(3):256-9. Related Articles, Links Centella Asiatica Triterpenic Fraction (CATTF) reduces the number of circulating endothelial cells in subjects with post phlebitic syndrome. Montecchio GP, Samaden A, Carbone S, Vigotti M, Siragusa S, Piovella F. Clinica Medica II, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. Here we report a study performed in order to assess the number of circulating endothelial cells (EC) in normal subjects and in patients with postphlebitic syndrome (PPS), and the effect of treatment with Centella Asiatica Triterpenic Fraction (CATTF), a drug which has been demonstrated to be effective in promoting wound healing in vivo. EC counts were determined by means of differential centrifugation and phase contrast microscopy. Patients with PPS showed an increased number of circulating EC in comparison to normal subjects (3.8 +/- 1.2 cells versus 1.5 +/- 0.6 per counting chamber). Treatment for three weeks with CATTF caused a statistically significant reduction of circulating EC (1.80 +/- 0.6 cells per counting chamber). Publication Types: o Clinical Trial PMID: 1743599 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 62: Mycopathologia. 1991 Mar;113(3):187-90. Related Articles, Links Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxins in Sri Lankan medicinal plant material. Abeywickrama K, Bean GA. Department of Botany, University of Maryland, College Park 20742. The fungal flora of 6 Asian medicinal plants, Aerva lanata (Linn.) Juss. Alyssicarpus vaginalis D.C., Tribulus terrestris Linn. Adhatoda vasica Nees., Centella asciatica (L.) Urb., Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. was determined. After surface disinfection Aspergillus spp. were most frequently observed. Aspergillus flavus, isolated from Alyssicarpus vaginalis and Aerva lanata produced aflatoxins in culture. Aflatoxin B1 was also detected in a sample of Aerra lanata at a level of 0.5 micrograms/g. Plant material destined for medicinal use should be stored carefully prior to its use to prevent growth of naturally occurring toxigenic mold fungi. PMID: 1906136 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 63: Angiology. 1990 Jul;41(7):533-40. Related Articles, Links Improvement of capillary permeability in patients with venous hypertension after treatment with TTFCA. Belcaro GV, Grimaldi R, Guidi G. Microcirculation Laboratory, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy. The VSC (vacuum suction chamber) device, a new system to evaluate local capillary permeability, was used with laser Doppler flowmetry to study variations of permeability and of the microcirculation in 10 normal subjects; in 22 patients with moderate, superficial venous hypertension; and in 12 patients with postphlebitic limbs and severe venous hypertension. All these patients had distal (ankle and foot edema) in the evening. After a first assessment these subjects were studied again after two weeks without treatment and after two weeks' treatment with total triterpenic fraction of centella asiatica (TTFCA), tablets, 60 mg, tid. The VSC produces a wheal on the skin of the perimalleolar region that disappears (in average) in less than sixty minutes in normal subjects. The disappearance time (DT) is greater in conditions of increased capillary filtration and permeability. The three groups of subjects (normal and those with superficial and severe venous hypertension) had significantly different, increasing disappearance time of the wheals at the first observation. There were no significant changes after two weeks' observation, but after 2 weeks' treatment with TTFCA, there was a significant decrease of DT both in limbs with superficial and with deep venous incompetence. The improvement (decrease) of the abnormally increased capillary permeability was associated with a significant improvement of the microcirculation and symptoms (studied by an analogue scale line). In conclusion this study showed a combined improvement of the microcirculation and capillary permeability after treatment with TTFCA and the possibility of using the VSC to evaluate the effects of drugs (or other treatment) on local capillary permeability in patients with venous hypertension. PMID: 2389834 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 64: J Ethnopharmacol. 1990 Feb;28(2):235-41. Related Articles, Links Pharmacokinetics of the total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica after single and multiple administrations to healthy volunteers. A new assay for asiatic acid. Grimaldi R, De Ponti F, D'Angelo L, Caravaggi M, Guidi G, Lecchini S, Frigo GM, Crema A. Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy. A new HPLC assay method was used to investigate the pharmacokinetics of asiatic acid after oral administration of the total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica in single doses (30 or 60 mg) and after a 7-day treatment (30 or 60 mg twice daily). Twelve healthy volunteers received each treatment following a randomized cross-over design with trials separated by a 3-week interval. The time of peak plasma concentration was not affected by dosage difference or by treatment scheme. Differences in peak plasma concentration and area under the concentration vs. time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) calculated after 30 or 60 mg administration (single dose) were accounted for by the different dose regimen. However, after chronic treatment with both 30 and 60 mg, peak plasma concentrations, AUC0-24 and half-life were significantly higher than those observed after the corresponding single dose administration. This phenomenon could be explained by a metabolic interaction between asiatic acid and asiaticoside, which is transformed into asiatic acid in vivo. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 2329813 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 65: Connect Tissue Res. 1990;24(2):107-20. Related Articles, Links Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by a triterpene extracted from Centella asiatica. Maquart FX, Bellon G, Gillery P, Wegrowski Y, Borel JP. Laboratory of Biochemistry, CNRS URA, Faculty of Medicine, Reims, France. The drug "Titrated Extract from Centella asiatica" (TECA), used for its stimulating properties on the healing of wounds, is a mixture of 3 terpenes extracted from a tropical plant: asiatic acid (30%, w/w), madecassic acid (30%, w/w) and asiaticoside (40%, w/w). The effects of TECA and its individual components were checked on human foreskin fibroblast monolayer cultures. TECA increased the collagen synthesis in a dose-dependent fashion whereas a simultaneous decrease in the specific activity of neosynthesized collagen was observed. Asiatic acid was found to be the only component responsible for collagen synthesis stimulation. TECA and all three terpenes increased the intracellular free proline pool. This effect was independent of the stimulation of collagen synthesis. PMID: 2354631 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 66: Angiology. 1990 Jan;41(1):12-8. Related Articles, Links Capillary filtration and ankle edema in patients with venous hypertension treated with TTFCA. Belcaro GV, Rulo A, Grimaldi R. Cardiovascular Clinic, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy. The variation of capillary filtration rate (CFR), ankle circumference (AC), and ankle edema (AE) was evaluated in three groups of patients with venous hypertension (ambulatory venous pressure greater than 42 mmHg) and in a group of normal subjects before and after treatment for four weeks with Total Triterpenic fraction of Centella Asiatica (TTFCA), a venoactive drug acting on the microcirculation and on capillary permeability. Group A (20 patients) was treated with TTFCA 60 mg tid; Group B (20 patients) was treated with 30 mg tid; Group C (12 patients) was treated with placebo; and Group D (10 normal subjects) was treated with TTFCA 60 mg tid in an open study. Capillary filtration rate was assessed by venous occlusion plethysmography, ankle edema by a new system called AECT (Ankle edema coin tester). Subjective symptoms of venous hypertension were assessed by an analogue scale line considering four symptoms: swelling sensation, restless lower extremity, pain and cramps, and tiredness. CFR, AC, and AE were significantly higher in patients in comparison with normal subjects. After four weeks of TTFCA treatment there was a significant decrease of the abnormally increased CFR, AC, and AECT time in patients. This was also greater in the higher dose group. No significant change was observed in the placebo group and in normal subjects treated with TTFCA. Symptoms were also significantly improved in the two groups treated with the active drug according to the dose. No significant changes were observed in the placebo group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Controlled Clinical Trial PMID: 2305995 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 67: Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1990;10(4):229-33. Related Articles, Links Effects of Centella asiatica extract on mucopolysaccharide metabolism in subjects with varicose veins. Arpaia MR, Ferrone R, Amitrano M, Nappo C, Leonardo G, del Guercio R. Institute of General Medicine and Clinical Methodology, Department and Service of Medical Angiology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples, Italy. The effects were studied of the total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica on serum levels of the uronic acids and lysosomal enzymes involved in mucopolysaccharide metabolism (beta-glycuronidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, arylsulfatase) in patients with varicose veins. The basal levels of uronic acids (467.7 +/- 69.3 micrograms/ml) and of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glycuronidase 1.8 +/- 0.4 microM/min/l, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase 23.1 +/- 0.4 microM/min/l, arysulfatase 0.078 +/- 0.003 microM/min/l) were elevated, indicating an increased mucopolysaccharide turnover in subjects with varicose veins. During treatment with Centella asiatica extract (60 mg/day for three months), these levels fell progressively. At the end of treatment the serum uronic acid (231.8 +/- 51.5 micrograms/ml), beta-glycuronidase (1.2 +/- 0.05 microM/min/l), beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (17.7 +/- 0.7 microM/min/l) and arysulfatase (0.042 +/- 0.003 microM/min/l) levels were highly significantly lower than the basal levels (p less than 0.01). The results of this trial provide an indirect confirmation of regulatory effects of the extract of Centella asiatica on metabolism in the connective tissue of the vascular wall. PMID: 2150405 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 68: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 Jun;9(2):113-6. Related Articles, Links An experimental study of the anti-HSV-II action of 500 herbal drugs. Zheng MS. Experimental assessments were made on the anti-HSV-II action of 500 herbs by determinations of the virus inhibition logarithm (VIL). 13 highly effective herbs (VIL greater than or equal to 4.00) were screened cut, providing a rational basis for clinical therapy. Among these effective herbs, 10 were aqueous extracts of Artemisia anomala, Centella asiatica, Epimedium Sagittatum, Hibiscus mutabilis, Hosta plantaginea, Hypericum japonicum, Inula japonica, Mosla punctata, Rhododendron simsii, and Rhus chinenses, while 3 were alcohol extracts of Epimedium Sagittatum, Hypericum japonicum, and Mosla punctata. PMID: 2550706 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 69: Phlebologie. 1988 Apr-Jun;41(2):359-69. Related Articles, Links [Medical and surgical therapies. Their respective indications in lymphedema] [Article in French] Coget J. The treatment of lymphedema, medical or surgical, remains a difficult one. Often seen at an advanced stage of the disease, the medical treatment can only stabilize the lesions. Among them, the coumarins, rutins, Centella asiatica extracts, procyanoside oligomers are the most prescribed. But prophylaxis of superimposed infections by antibiotics should not be omitted. As for diuretics, they must be prohibited. Hygienic and dietetic measures should be recommended. As for surgical treatments, they are numerous and rarely applied, whether it consists of the tacking technique or Degni's lymphovenous anastomosis. The latter may be considered in case of high lymphatic obstruction, especially at the inguinal level. Servelle's lymphangiectomy, very traumatic, is only exceptionally indicated. PMID: 3406093 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70: Ital J Biochem. 1988 Mar-Apr;37(2):69-77. Related Articles, Links Effect of the triterpenoid fraction of Centella asiatica on macromolecules of the connective matrix in human skin fibroblast cultures. Tenni R, Zanaboni G, De Agostini MP, Rossi A, Bendotti C, Cetta G. Dipartimento di Biochimica, Universita di Pavia. The mechanism of action of the total triterpenoid fraction extracted from Centella Asiatica (TTFCA) was evaluated using human skin fibroblasts cultures as the experimental system. In particular its influence on the biosynthesis of collagen, fibronectin and proteoglycans was considered. The presence of TTFCA (25 micrograms/ml) does not seem to affect cell proliferation, total protein synthesis or the biosynthesis of proteoglycans in a significant way. A statistically important increase was observed in the percentage of collagen and, as revealed by immunofluorescence measurements, in cell layer fibronectin. This effect on collagen and fibronectin may help to explain the action of TTFCA in promoting wound healing, and suggests an interesting working hypothesis for its action on basal endothelia. PMID: 3042688 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 71: Angiology. 1987 Jan;38(1 Pt 1):46-50. Related Articles, Links Titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA) in the treatment of venous insufficiency of the lower limbs. Pointel JP, Boccalon H, Cloarec M, Ledevehat C, Joubert M. Ninety-four patients suffering from venous insufficiency of the lower limbs participated in a multicenter, double-blind versus placebo study. After randomization, they were allotted for a treatment period of two months to one of three groups: TECA 120 mg/day, TECA 60 mg/day, or placebo. A significant difference (p less than 0.05) in favor of TECA was shown for the symptoms of heaviness in the lower limbs and edema, as well as for the overall evaluation by the patient. The venous distensibility measured by a mercury strain gauge plethysmograph at three occlusion pressures was improved for the TECA groups but aggravated for the placebo group. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 3544968 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 72: Contact Dermatitis. 1985 Nov;13(5):310-3. Related Articles, Links Contact dermatitis due to madecassol. Eun HC, Lee AY. Madecassol is an extract of Centella asiatica, a member of the Umbelliferae family. It contains madecassic acid, asiatic acid and asiaticoside. It has been used as a wound healing agent and for the prevention of cicatrization. We report contact dermatitis due to Madecassol and a control study with its individual ingredients. PMID: 2936544 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 73: Parodontol Stomatol (Nuova). 1985 Jan-Apr;24(1):11-26. Related Articles, Links [The clinical therapy of periodontal disease, the use of potassium hydroxide and the water-alcohol extract of Centella in combination with laser therapy in the treatment of severe periodontal disease] [Article in Italian] Benedicenti A, Galli D, Merlini A. PMID: 3937978 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 74: Farmaco [Prat]. 1984 Oct;39(10):355-64. Related Articles, Links [Effect of Centella asiatica on the biosynthetic activity of fibroblasts in culture] [Article in Italian] Del Vecchio A, Senni I, Cossu G, Molinaro M. PMID: 6510515 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 75: Clin Ter. 1984 Sep 30;110(6):555-9. Related Articles, Links [Comparative capillaroscopic study of certain bioflavonoids and total triterpenic fractions of Centella asiatica in venous insufficiency] [Article in Italian] Allegra C. PMID: 6238770 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 76: Minerva Cardioangiol. 1982 Apr;30(4):201-7. Related Articles, Links [Centella asiatica extract in venous pathology of the lower limbs and its evaluation as compared with tribenoside] [Article in Italian] Marastoni F, Baldo A, Redaelli G, Ghiringhelli L. PMID: 6896366 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 77: Clin Ter. 1981 Dec 15;99(5):507-13. Related Articles, Links [Centella asiatica extract in venous disorders of the lower limbs. Comparative clinico-instrumental studies with a placebo] [Article in Italian] Allegra C, Pollari G, Criscuolo A, Bonifacio M, Tabassi D. Publication Types: o Clinical Trial o Controlled Clinical Trial PMID: 7037273 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 78: Sem Hop. 1979 Nov 8-15;55(37-38):1749-50. Related Articles, Links [Use of a titrated extract of Centella asiatica in chronic hepatic disorders (author's transl)] [Article in French] Darnis F, Orcel L, de Saint-Maur PP, Mamou P. The authors report their preliminary results of a study of the possible therapeutic activity of a titrated extract of Centella asiatica in chronic hepatic disorders. Early results are encouraging, especially from a histological point of view, where improvement in the criteria evaluated was noted in 5 of the 12 patients treated for the longest time. These results have to be assessed in a critical manner until confirmation is obtained by complementary studies. PMID: 230597 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 79: C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 1978 Mar 13;286(10):789-92. Related Articles, Links [Modification of the kinetics of healing after iterative exeresis in the rat. Action of a triterpenoid and its derivatives on the duration of healing] [Article in French] Poizot A, Dumez D. The authors have studied the action of Titrated Extract of Centella asiatica (TECA) on the duration off healing of iterative wounds in the Rat. After repeated exeresis, the planimetric quantification of the wounds, by episcopic projection, shows that the healing process involves an immediate phase of dilatation followed by another of contraction. A mathematical analysis has permitted determination of times of semi-healing and has shown that these are significantly lengthened after several exeresis in the control group. When administered by oral route, at a 100 mg/kg dosing, TECA shortens significantly this lengthening of time, acting more specifically on the immediate process of healing. PMID: 417867 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 80: Therapie. 1977 Sep-Oct;32(5):573-83. Related Articles, Links [Animal study of the transcutaneous movement of the tritium-labelled active principles of Centella asiatica L. extract after administration in impregnated gauze or unguent] [Article in French] Viala A, Cano JP, Durand A, Paulin R, Roux F, Placidi M, Pinhas H, Lefournier C. PMID: 613474 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 81: Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales. 1974 Sep-Oct;67(5):471-8. Related Articles, Links [Results of a controlled experiment of the titrated extract of Centella asiatica in a leper population with perforative foot lesions] [Article in French] Nebout M. PMID: 4480467 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 82: C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 1974 Mar 25;278(13):1743-6. Related Articles, Links [Action of a pentacyclic triterpenoid, asiaticoside, isolated from Hydrocotyle masagascariensis or Centella asiatica, against gastric ulceration in the Wistar rat exposed to cold at 2 degrees C] [Article in French] Ravokatra A, Nigeon-Dureuil M, Ratsimamanga AR. PMID: 4211283 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 83: Int Surg. 1973 Jul;58(7):451-2 passim. Related Articles, Links Use of titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA) in bilharzial bladder lesions. Fam A. PMID: 4717500 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 84: Lille Med. 1971;17:Suppl 3:574-9. Related Articles, Links [Action of the titrated extract of Centella Asiatica in the cicatrization of leg ulcers (10 mg. tablets). Apropos of 50 cases] [Article in French] Huriez C. PMID: 5153018 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 85: Indian J Exp Biol. 1968 Jul;6(3):181-2. Related Articles, Links Crude extract of Centella asiatica and products derived from its glycosides as oral antifertility agents. Dutta T, Basu UP. PMID: 5718539 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 86: C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 1967 Jan 9;264(2):407-10. Related Articles, Links [Isolation of a new triterpenic acid from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. of Madagascar: madecassic acid] [Article in French] Boiteau P, Chanez M. PMID: 4961798 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 87: Ann Pharm Fr. 1963 Jul-Aug;21:561-7. Related Articles, Links [ANTHRONE DETERMINATION OF THE ASIATICOSIDE ISOLATED FROM CENTELLA ASIATICA BY QUANTITATIVE CHROMATOGRAPHY ON THIN LAYERS OF GLASS POWDER] [Article in French] RAHANDRAHA T, CHANEZ M, BOITEAU P, JAQUARD S. PMID: 14048142 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 88: Ann Pharm Fr. 1963 Apr;21:313-20. Related Articles, Links [Anthrone determination of asiaticoside, ester-oside of Centella asiatica] [Article in French] RAHANDRAHA T, CHANEZ M, BOITEAU P. PMID: 13990461 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 89: J Sci Ind Res (C). 1962 Jan;21C:22-6. Related Articles, Links Pharmacognostic study of Merremia emarginata Hallier & comparison with Centella asiatica Linn. SHAH CS, SUKKAWALA VM, CHAVAN AR. PMID: 14039163 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 90: Prensa Med Argent. 1961 Nov 24;48:3154-6. Related Articles, Links [Treatment of stubborn ulcers of the lower extremities with Asiaticoside (Centella asiatica)] [Article in Spanish] ANTONELLI NC, SPERA N. PMID: 13861793 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 91: Minerva Chir. 1960 Nov 30;15:1235-8. Related Articles, Links [On the treatment of cutaneous lesions with extract of "Centella asiatica"] [Article in Italian] FINCATO M. PMID: 13699523 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 92: Presse Med. 1958 Dec 6;66(86):1933 passim. Related Articles, Links [Treatment of leg ulcers by Centella madagascariensis extracts.] [Article in French] BOELY C, RATSIMAMANGA AR. PMID: 13623710 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 93: Lyon Med. 1957 Apr 28;89(17):389-95. Related Articles, Links [Asiaticoside; active constituent of Centella asiatica, initiating agent of the new growth in the early stage of cicatrization of skin ulcers] [Article in French] THIERS H, FAYOLLE J, BOITEAU P, RATSIMAMANGA AR. PMID: 13440135 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 94: Therapie. 1956;11(1):125-49. Related Articles, Links [Asiaticoside extracted from Centella asiatica and its therapeutic uses in cicatrization of experimental and refractory wounds (leprosy, cutaneous tuberculosis and lupus)] [Article in French] BOITEAU P, RATSIMAMANGA AR. PMID: 13337766 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Show: Items 1-94 of 94 One page. 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