Avcwb wK B›Uvi‡b‡U eªvDwRs Ki‡Z cQ›` K‡ib? †evKvi g‡Zv GKUv cÖkœ Kijvg| I‡qemvBU eªvDwRs Kvi bv cQ›`? wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡ki AvBGmwc (Internet Service Provider) ¸‡jvi †mevi (?) hv Ae¯’v! GKUv †QvU †U·U †cR eªvDR Ki‡ZI A‡bK mgq `k wgwbU †j‡M hvq| AwaKvsk mgqB †`Lv hvq cÖw· mvf©vi KvR K‡i bv| AvBGmwc ¸‡jvi gj j¶¨B n‡ŽQ MÖvnK msL¨v e„w× Kiv| MÖvnK †mevi gvb Dbœq‡b Zv‡`i †Kvb gv_v e¨_v †bB| Zv‡`i †mevq AwZô n‡q fvewQ Avgvi B›Uvi‡bU ms‡hvM wewŽQbœ K‡i w`e| Aek¨ axi MwZi eªvDwRs Gi Rb¨ ïay AvBGmwc¸‡jv‡K †`vl w`‡q jvf †bB| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki kvgyKMwZi †Uwj‡dvb jvBbI Gi Rb¨ A‡bKUv `vqx| G mgm¨v mgvavb Ki‡Z †h cÖhyw³ Avwe®‹…Z n‡q‡Q Zvi bvg n‡jv AvB Gm wW Gb (Integreted Services Digital Network)| wewfbœ iK‡gi AvBGmwWGb mvwf©m Av‡Q| Z‡e wcwmi Rb¨ gjZ AvBGmwWGb weAviAvB (Basic Rate Interface) e¨e?Z nq| G msL¨vq gjZ Avgiv AvBGmwWGb weAviAvB wb‡qB Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev|

AvBGmwWGb Kx?

AvBGmwWGb gjZ wWwRUvj †Uwj‡dvb I †UwjKwgDwb‡Kk‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i Avwe®‹…Z n‡q‡Q| Gi gva¨‡g eZ©gvb ms‡hvM e¨envi K‡iB †ewk ¯žxW Ges †ewk Band Width cvIqv m¤¢e| G c×wZi me‡P‡q eo myweav nj GKwU gvÎ †Uwj‡dvb ms‡hvM w`‡qB GKmv‡_ Kw¤žDUvi, d¨v·, ‡dvb BZ¨vw` e¨envi Kiv hvq| mvavib G¨vbvjM jvB‡b AvBGmwWGb cÖhyw³ e¨env‡ii d‡j 128 †KwewcGm (KiloBit Per Second) WvUv cvVv‡bv m¤¢e, hv c‡e©I MwZi †P‡q cuvP ¸b †ewk| Gi gva¨‡g f‡qm, WvUv, B‡gR, wfwWI mewKQyB GKmv‡_ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv hvq| G cÖhyw³ e¨env‡ii d‡j †UwjKbdv‡iw?s, wfwWI Kbdv‡iw?s, †UwjwUwPs, AwWI wfwWI I †U·U Uª¨v?dv‡ii †¶‡Î Af‚Zce© DbœwZ mvwaZ n‡q‡Q|

AvBGmwWGb wK Zv †Zv Rvbv †Mj| wKš‘ Gi LiP wK Avgv‡`i mv‡a¨i g‡a¨? AvBGmwWGb Gi PvR© gjZ wZbwU fv‡M wef³|

1| ¯’vcb LiP
2| gvwmK LiP
3| e¨envi LiP

AvBGmwWGb Gi ¯’vcb LiP GKk BD Gm Wjvi| hw` `xN©Kvjxb †gqv‡`i Rb¨ AvBGmwWGb Gi ms‡hvM †bqv nq Zvn‡j ¯’vcb LiP Av‡iv Kg †bqv nq| gvwmK PvR© wewfbœ †Kv¤žvwbi wewfbœ iKg| Z‡e eZ©gv‡b AwaKvsk †Kv¤žvwbB gvwmK †Kvb PvR© †bq bv| Avi e¨envi LiP †Kv¤žvwb †f‡` cÖwZ wgwb‡U `yB †_‡K cuvP †m›U|

AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?vi

AvBGmwWGb Gi we‡ji nvi †Zv Rvbv †Mj| wKš‘ Av†iv wKQy Avbylw½K LiPI i‡q‡Q| ïay †Uwj‡dvb jvBb Avi Kw¤žDUvi _vK‡jB AvBGmwWGb e¨envi Kiv m¤¢e bq| Gi Rb¨ `iKvi AvBGmwWGb nvW©Iq¨vi G¨vWv?vi| G¨vWv?v‡ii KvR n‡jv Zv‡ii ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ wWwRUvj weU‡K Kw¤žDUv‡ii †evaMg¨ K‡i †Zvjv| †gvU `yB iK‡gi AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?vi i‡q‡Q|

1| B›Uvibvj G¨vWv?vi
2| G·Uvibvj G¨vWv?vi

B›Uvibvj G¨vWv?vi Kw¤žDUv‡ii wfZ‡i jvMv‡bv _v‡K| GB G¨vWv?vi AvBGmG (Industry Standard Architecture), wcwmAvB (Peripheral Computer Interconnect), BAvvBGmG (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) †h †Kvb ú‡UB ¯’vcb Kiv hvq| hw` B›Uvibvj G¨vWv?viwU c­vM G? †c­ bv nq Zvn‡j Gi B?U‡jk‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl mdUIq¨vi cÖ‡qvRb nq|

B›Uvibvj AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?vi

G·Uvibvj AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?vi

bvg †_‡KB eySv hvq †h G·Uvibvj G¨vWv?vi jvMv‡bv _v‡K wcwmi evB‡i| GwU wcwmi c¨vivjvj ev wmwiqvj †cv‡U© mshy³ _v‡K| G ai‡bi G¨vWv?v‡ii Aci bvg AvBGmwWGb g‡Wg| GwU B?Uj Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl †Kvb mdUIq¨vi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv|

Kvh©¶gZvi w`K w`‡q G·Uvibvj G¨vWv?v‡ii ‡P‡q B›Uvibvj G¨vWv?vi †ewk kw³kvjx| G·Uvibvj G¨vWv?v‡ii me‡P‡q eo Amyweav n‡jv †h Gi gva¨‡g 115 †KwewcGm Gi †P‡q †ewk MwZ‡Z WvUv Uª¨v?dvi m¤¢e bq| A_P AvBGmwWGb Gi m‡e©vŽP MvwZ 128 †KwewcGm| d‡j G·Uvibvj G¨vWv?v‡ii gva¨‡g m‡e©vŽP MwZ‡Z WvUv Uª¨v?dvi m¤¢e bq, hv B›Uvibvj G¨vWv?v†ii gva¨‡g m¤¢e| G·Uvibvj G¨vWv?vi e¨env‡ii Rb¨ b¨bZg 486 DX, 33 MHz Gi wcwm cÖ‡qvRb|

wKQy nvW©Iq¨vi Av‡Q hv AvBGmwWGb cÖhyw³‡Z KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GRb¨ Avi GKwU hš e¨e?Z nq| Gi bvg n‡jv Uviwgbvj G¨vWv?vi| GwU AvBGmwWGb cÖhyw³‡Z KvR Ki‡Z A¶g †Uwj‡dvb, d¨v·‡K Kg©¶g K‡i †Zv‡j|

AvBGmwWGb cÖhyw³i g‡j i‡q‡Q wWwRUvj weU cvBc| GB cvBcwUB n‡ŽQ gj ms‡hvM gva¨g| we`¨gvb Zvi‡K †ek K‡qKwU P¨v‡b‡j fvM Kiv nq| cÖwZwU P¨v‡b‡jiB _v‡K Avjv`v Avjv`v wbR¯^ wd«‡Kv‡qw?| G P¨v‡bj¸‡jv nj `yBwU B P¨v‡bj Ges GKwU D P¨v‡bj|

B P¨v‡bj gjZ WvUv Uª¨v?dv‡ii Rb¨ e¨e?Z nq| Gi MwZ †Uwj‡dvb †Kv¤žvwb †f‡` 64 †KwewcGm A_ev 56 †KwewcGm n‡Z cv‡i| D P¨v‡bj gjZ cÖkvmwbK KvR (†hgb, †Uwj‡dvb †bUIqv‡K©i mv‡_ ms‡hvM mvab) K‡i| `yBwU B P¨v‡bj e¨env‡ii d‡j GKwU †dvb jvBb w`‡q GKB mv‡_ `yBwU Kj Kiv hvq|

AvBGmwWGb ms‡hvM

we‡k¦i cÖvq me DbœZ †`‡kB GLb AvBGmwWGb cÖhyw³ e¨e?Z n‡ŽQ| wKš‘ wKfv‡e GB AvBGmwWGb-Gi ms‡hvM †bqv hvq? G cÖhyw³i Rb¨ ‡Uwj‡dvb †Kv¤žvwbi myBwPs †K‡›`ª Aek¨B AvBGmwWGb& Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq hšcvwZ _vK‡Z n‡e| G c×wZ‡Z †Uwj‡dvb myBP †_‡K †Uwj‡dvb †m‡Ui `iZ¡ n‡Z nq AvVv‡iv nvRvi (18,000) d†yUi g‡a¨| AvBGmwWGb cy‡ivcywi wWwRUvj e‡j †ek †mbwmwUf| ZvB jvB‡bi Pviw`‡Ki cwi‡ek †hb †Kvb weNœ bv NUvq †mw`‡K j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|

AvBGmwWGb Gi ms‡hvM †bqvi ci Avcbv‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e Avcbvi †Kvb ai‡bi AvBGmwWGb B›Uvi‡dm cÖ‡qvRb| †gvU `yB iK‡gi AvBGmwWGb B›Uvi‡dm i‡q‡Q|

1| BD B›Uvi‡dm (U Interface)
2| Gm/wU B›Uvi‡dm (Subscriber/Termination Interface)

BD B›Uvi‡dm GK‡Rvov Zv‡ii gva¨‡g wcwm I †K›`ªxq †Uwj‡dvb Awd‡mi g‡a¨ AvBGmwWGb wmMb¨vj Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i| G ai‡bi B›Uvi‡dm `ieZ©x ¯’v‡b AvBGmwWGb wmMb¨vj cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| Gm/wU B›Uvi‡dm `yB‡Rvov Zv‡ii gva¨‡g Iqvj R¨vK I AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?v‡ii g‡a¨ wmMb¨vj Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i| Gm/wU B›Uvi‡d‡mi †¶‡Î GbwU-1 (Network Termination 1) bvgK GKwU we‡kl ai‡bi wWfvBm e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| GbwU-1 BD B›Uvi‡dm Ges Gm/wU B›Uvi‡dm Gi g‡a¨ mgš^q mvab K‡i| GbwU-1 G `yBwU we‡kl ai‡bi R¨vK _v‡K| GKwU R¨v‡Ki GK cÖvš BD B›Uvi‡d‡mi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K Ges Aci R¨v‡Ki GKcÖvš Gm/wU B›Uvi‡d‡mi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K| wb‡Pi QwewU †`L‡jB e¨vcviwU cwi®‹vi n‡e|

†Uwj‡dvb †bUIqvK© Gi mv‡_ AvBGmwWGb ms‡hvM

wKQy wKQy AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?vi mivmwi BD B›Uvi‡d‡mi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K| hw` AvBGmwWGb jvB‡bi mv‡_ ïay GKwU wcwmi ms‡hvM _v‡K Zvn‡j G ai‡bi G¨vWv?vi e¨envi Kiv nq| G ai‡bi G¨vWv?vi‡K Ôweë-Bb GbwU-1Ô ev ÔBD B›Uvi‡dm AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?viÔ ejv nq|

IqvjR¨v‡Ki Aci cÖvš †hLv‡b hy³ _v‡K Zv‡K ejv nq demarcation point ev ms‡¶‡c demarc|

Iq¨vwis Ges R¨vK

AvBGmwWGb Gi Iq¨vwis Gi Rb¨ mvavib †Uwj‡dvb ZviB e¨envi Kiv nq|

AvBGmwWGb G †gvU `yB ai‡bi R¨vK e¨envi Kiv nq|

1| RJ11
2| RJ45

RJ11 nj ÷¨v?vW© G¨vbvjM †dvb R¨vK| G†Z †gvU PviwU Zvi Av‡Q| Iqvj †_‡K GbwU-1 G mvavibZ RJ11 R¨vK e¨envi Kiv nq|

RJ45 R¨vK RJ11 Gi †P‡q †ewk PIov| G†Z †gvU AvUwU Zvi Av‡Q| GbwU-1 †_‡K AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?v‡i mvavibZ RJ45 R¨vK e¨envi Kiv nq|

RJ11 Ges RJ45R¨vK

GKwU AvBGmwWGb jvB‡b †gvU AvU ai‡bi wWfvBm mshy³ Kiv m¤¢e| G¨vbvjM †dvb, AvBGmwWGb †dvb, G¨vbvjM d¨v·, wfwWI †dvb, wcwm, †bUIqvK© i€Uvi, †bUIqvK© eªxR cÖf…wZ wWfvBm GKwU AvBGmwWGb jvB‡bi mv‡_ mshy³ _vK‡Z cv‡i| AvBGmwWGb Gi gva¨‡g wcGweG· Gi myweavI cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

AvBGmwWGb †a‡K gvwëcj wWfvB‡m ms‡hvM

AvBGmwWGb jvBb †hgb GKwU wcwm‡Z †`qv m¤¢e wVK †Zgwb †jvKvj Gwiqv †bUIqv‡K©I AvBGmwWGb jvBb †`qv m¤¢e| Gi d‡j †bUIqv‡K©i mv‡_ mshy³ mKj Kw¤žDUviB AvBGmwWGb Gi myweav †c‡Z cv‡i| Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb AvBGmwWGb †bUIqvK© eªxR A_ev ivDUvi|

GKwU AvBGmwWGb jvB‡b wewfbœ ai‡bi AvBGmwWGb wWfvBm mshy³ Kiv m¤¢e| †hgb GKwU AvBGmwWGb jvB‡b GKwU AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?vi, GKwU AvBGmwWGb †Uwj‡dvb, GKwU AvBGmwWGb d¨v· †gwkb hy³ _vK‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e G ai‡bi ms‡hv‡Mi †¶‡Î gvwëcj Gm/wU B›Uvi‡dm mv‡cvU©hy³ we‡kl ai‡bi GbwU-1 cÖ‡qvRb| G‡¶‡Î cÖwZwU wWfvBm‡K GbwU-1 Gi mv‡_ mshy³ _vK‡Z n‡e| †Uwj‡dvb †Kv¤žvwb †hb wbw`©ó wWfvB‡mi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ cÖwZwU wWfvB‡mi wbR¯^ Service Profile Identifier (SPID) _v‡K|

AvBGmwWGb jvB‡bi mv‡_ mwVK fv‡e KvR Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl ai‡bi mdUIq¨vi cÖ‡qvRb| GB mdUIq¨vi wcwmi mv‡_ AvBGmwWGb Gi mgš^q mvab K‡i| G cÖhyw³‡Z c‡q›U Uz c‡q›U (PPP) cÖ‡UvKj e¨e?Z nq| Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷gwU Ggb n‡Z n‡e †hb Zv AvBGmwWGb nvW©Iq¨vi‡K mv‡cvU© K‡i| gvB‡µvmdU DB‡?vR 95 Gi Wvqvj Avc †bUIqvwK©s Avc‡MÖW 1.3 B?Uj Kiv _vK‡j GwU AvBGmwWGb G¨vWv?vi ¯^qswµqfv‡e (c­vM G? †c­) B?Uj K‡i| DB‡?vR GbwU 3.5 I Gi cieZ©x fvm©b mg‡n AvBGmwWGb Gi weë-Bb mv‡cvU© Av‡Q|

`ytLRbK n‡jI mwZ¨ †h evsjv‡`‡ki †Uwj‡dvb e¨e¯’v AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB GLbI G¨vbvjM| nv‡Z †Mvbv †h K‡qKwU wWwRUvj †Uwj‡dvb jvBb Av‡Q †m¸‡jvi Ae¯’vI Avkvbyic bq| evsjv‡`‡ki †Uwj‡dv‡bi `yie¯’vi K_v G Aí cwim‡i e‡j †kl Kiv hv‡e bv| †`‡ki kxl©¯’vbxq KZv© e¨vw³‡`i wm×všnxbZv I Ae‡njvi Kvi‡Y cÖhyw³MZ w`K †_‡K Avgiv w`b w`b wcwQ‡q cowQ| A_P GKUz AvšwiKZv I mw`ŽQv _vK‡jB AvBGmwWGb cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i Avgiv G‡¶‡Î cÖPzi DbœwZ Ki‡Z cvwi|

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