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Chapter 13.1 Notes

Fossil evidence shows that the kind of organisms inhabiting the earth's
surface has changed over time.

Species - a kind of organism; all the members have nearly the same traits

Evolution - Darwin's theory says evolution is a process by which species
                    change over time

Natural Selection - slight differences in traits make some individuals better
                    able to survive than others.  These individuals are better
                    adapted to their environment.  They are likely to survive and
                    pass on their traits.

Extinction - dying out of species that cannot adapt to changes in the
                    environment



THE FIVE KINGDOMS (a widely used system to classify organisms)
Organisms are divided into kingdoms.
Kingdoms are divided into species.

1) Monerans - one cell, very simple structure (bacteria, algae)
2) Protists - not plants or animals; may be one celled or many celled.  They
                    are more complex than monerans.  (seaweeds, protozoa)
3) Fungi - absorb nutrients from other organisms. (mushroom, yeast, mold)
4) Plants - many celled, photosynthesis
5) Animals - many celled, eat food
 
 

Go to Chapter 13.2 Notes