The following information I got from the book by .
Wolves and humans were envolved about the same time.
The credonts were a groupd of animals whoe were around 100 million years ago. The wolf direct lineage began during the Palaeocone Epoch.
The Palaecocone Epoch happened 60 million years ago. From the Asiatic continent, the descendents animals, which are wolves, were first evolved frist a million years ago.
Since the Ice Age, the wolf have split into supspecies into Asia and Europe and to America via the Bering Strait. There are three wolves that are true in North Amercia.
They are:
The dire wolf has been extinct. These three wolves are true since the late Pleistocene period.
The young woman survived the attack. She was lucky to survive the attack.
For the wolves to be successfull, they have to depend on large tracts of habitat and substantial populations of their principal prey species. Wolves have three major threats.
The three threats are:
There were about 20,000 wolves 300 years ago in Wisconsin. Now, wolves just diminished/risen to 100 in the north in 1957.
In 1957, the laws were changed, gut it was too late because the wolves were gone.
In the last 75 years, there have been 7 subspecies of wolves that have been extinct. The Newfoundland white wolf is called Canis lupus beothucus. This particular wolf died in 1911. The Shamanu which is a Japanese wolf is called Canis lups hodophilax.
This particular wolf was hunted to extinction in 1905. This wolf was small in size for a wolf. This wolf was 14 in. (35.6 cm) at the shoulder and was smaller than a dog.
Currently, there are approximately 100,000 wolves in the wild. In Canada, there are approximately 60,000 grey wolves. This is just a vast majority.
In Russia, there are 30,000 gray wolves. In Europe, there 5,000 gray wolves. In China, there are 400 gray wolves. In USA, there are 10,000 gray wolves.
Most of the wolves are in Alaska and Minnesota. In Alaska, there are about 7,000 gray wolves. In Minnesota, there are about 2,000 gray wolves.
The following information I got from the book by Leonard Lee Rue III.
The wolf has been for centuries the most maligned of wild creatures. The Roman Wolf reportdly to suckle the twins Romulus and remus. The wolves have been hated and feared as the Beast of Gevaudan. This wolf live in the south of France. It was reported to have killed 123 people. In the mid-1700's, the plunder against people and livestock became severe that King Louise XV called his entire army to hunt the beast down. It took King Louis XV army of 43,000 men and 2,800 dogs two months to kill the Beast of Gevaudan.
The history of Europe is being prevalent witht he records of wolf devastation on livestock and attacks on human beings. The consensus today is that most of the attacks on humans were done by wolves that were rabid. The attacks can be blamed on the rabies virus, but the attacks cannnot happen because the rabid animal will die of rabies in a shore time. In Asia, there are records showing the Asian wolf carrying off and eating children in India. There was no mention of attacks on human adults. In North America, there has not been an authenticated attack by a healthy wolf on a human. But, the reports that have been made were attacked by rabid wolves which were killed and that the disease was documented. The Eurasian wolf subspecies has been exposed to a man a long time before firearms, and the wold had less fear from man.
About 5 million years ago in the New World during the middle of the Pluiocene epoch, wolves originated. About a half a million years ago during the middle of the Pleistocene epoch, the wolf had developed. The Dire wolf know to exist is the largest wolf. The grey-wolf, Canis lupus, is a wolf cross into Siberia from Alaska. The grey wolf migrated again to North American where the wolf populated in Canada and North American except for the southeastern section of the latter country. The southeastern part of the country was populated by the red wolf, canis rufus. The U.S. government is repopulating the southeast with red wolf. In North America, the first Indians and the Eskimos that came across the Beringia about 18 thousands years ago established the grey wolf.
The maned wolf is a distant relative of the wolf(grey) even though with the foxlike creatures.
The largest member of the canine family is the wolf. The split between the ancestors of domestic dog, Canis familiairis, from the grey wolf, Canis lupus, happened 4 million years ago.
On each of the wolces forefoot, they had fives toes. The wolves only need four toes Their fifth toe, is like the human thumb, has regressed. The fifth toe is now found up on the middle of the foot. The fifth claw is know as a dewclaw. The dwclaws are used for digging and gripping the earth whil running wolves either walk, trot, lope, or gallop. When wolves get close to their prey, wolves will run at full speed. This is a high-spped chase to test the animal by the wolf.
The wolf sheds its coat once a yeah in late spring. The new hair forms the summer coat which is short that continues to grow to form the long winter coat. The coats of the wolves are basically grey but also have a lot yellow between the salt and pepper grey and black white. The color of wolf coast grade from pure white to jet black. The arctic wolves are mostly white.
The wolf's head resembles closely to a German Shephered dog. The wolf's head/skull is broader and more massive than the skull of a German Shepherd dog. The wolf has alo9ng and bushy tail which is an important feature of the wolf's anatomy. When a wolf goes to sleep and curls up at night, the wolf uses the tail to cover their feet and nose. The wolf's feet and nose are gathered in the center of the circle. The nose is covered by the tail so the warm air exhaled luns over the feet and nose so that they are warm. The long whiskers on a wolf are called vibrissae. The birbrissae is on the wolf's nuzzle and are the organs of touch.
The wolf has 42 teeth. The 42 teeth consists of 12 incisors, 4 canines, 16 premolars and 10 carnasials and molars. The canines are 1 inch (2.54 cm) longs, strong, sharp and slightly curved. The canines are used for grasping prey. The wolf does not chew their food. The wolf uses their carnasials to cut off a piece of meat so that the wolf can swallow the piece of meat.
The life of a wold depends on the role of scent. The wolf has several specialized glands. The wolf has one gland around their anus. Another gland is on the wolf's back about 3 inches (7.6 cm) in front of the base of the wolf's tail. The glands are the wolf's personalized calling card.
The wolf has a highly sense of smell. The wolf possesses numerous scent glands. Due to research, wolves can detect their prey at a distance up to 1.75 miles (3 km). The scent that was detected at the distance was du to atmospheric conditions.
The wolf's territories are marked by urine, faeces, and by wild stratching in the dirt. The wolf marks their boundaries as well as their trails they use. The wolf's scent stations are about 100 yards (91 m) apart.
Wolves have a keen eyesight as well as a keen sense of smell. They can detect the slightest movement in frong of them. The wolves eyes are in front of them and have less than a 180 degree vision unlike their prey. The prey of the wolf can see over a 300 degree circle.
The wolf's howl can be heard for long distances. The mountains that are surrounding the wolf's howl send the echoes to prolong the sound's eerie beauty.
The northern of the Northern Hemisphere is home to muskoxen, arctic hares, ptarmigan, arctic foxed, polar bears, lemmings, and voles. In the tundra, caribou, reindeer, arctic and red foxes, ptarmigan, lemmings, and volves live. Reindeer, caribou, moose, red fox, lynx, snowshoe hares, and volves live in the taiga. Moose, deer, red fox, lynx, snowshoe hares, beavers, grouse, and volces live in the forested region. These regions are home to the last bastions of wolves.
Wolves have 3 methods of hunting. When the wolves are travelling upwind, the prey's scent is ahead of the wolf and wolves will smell the scent. The wolf may smell the scent from the prey's foot tracks trail left by the prey. Wolves rather approach the prey from a downwind side so that their body scent is not carried to the prey.
The wolves are cursorial hunters. The wolves are able to catch their prey to earth. The wolves like to get close to their prey before testing their prey. When wolves spot and kill their prey are two different things. Wolves eat from a mouse to a moose. Wolves are in danger when they are killing an elk, caribou, moose, or muskox. When wolves chase the prey for 300 yards (273 m), the chase is discontinued.
I got the background from the following site:
