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Mon: Students will write an essay focused on the validity of the law. One might consider these these three questions: When is a law unjust? When is it OK to break the law? Are some laws higher than man's laws? (God's law, individual conscience, etc.) To assist in writing this essay, we will begin the week with discussion, by reading various texts, and by viewing short film clips.
Prior knowledge discussion: Students are asked to think of other people that chose personal ethics over following government orders. (They may think of those that hid Jews from Nazis (Corrie Ten Boom; Anne Frank's Miep & Mr. Kraler), or workers on the Underground Railroad (Harriet Tubman, The Quakers), conscientious objectors to war (Quakers, Amish), or the French Resistance.
Read the quotes at the bottom right of this page.
MacKenzie, Ian. "The Pedestrian". Youtube:jimboy718. Sept, 15, 2013. http://youtu.be/gd6JFuDTwYs (5:00).
Thoreau, Henry David. "Civil Disobedience" 1 pg. (Excerpt from "Resistance to Civil Government)
Gandhi, Mohandas K. "On Civil Disobedience" 1 pg. (Excerpt from 1916 speech).
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Antigone, film, dir. Yorgos Javellas/Yiorgos Tzavellas, 1961. B&W, Greek language with English subtitles. 1 hour, 22 minutes. YouTube:theaglaukopis.
Antigone, film, dir. & trans. Don Taylor; perf. Juliet Stevenson. 1984. Color, English language, 1 hour, 52 minutes. YouTube:ShakespeareAndMore.
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Focus Questions
What dictates acceptable behavior in society?
What damage do we do to society when we use language that distances us from our government?
Can you accept the motto "that government is best which govern least?"
How do the laws of balance apply to you?
Essential Questions
How do I respond to improper use of power?
How do I determine when taking social action is appropriate?
What voice do I use to be heard?
What responsibility do I have to society?
What can I do to avoid repeating mistakes made in history?
How can I create the world I want to live in?
What qualities define a good world citizen?
Who is in a position to help me affect change?
How can I effectively articulate my opinions and perspectives?
What power do I have as an individual to make positive change?
Quotes:
"If a law is unjust, a man is not only right to disobey it, he is obligated to do so." Thomas Jefferson
"When leaders act contrary to conscience, we must act contrary to leaders." Anonymous
Dare to do things worthy of imprisonment if you mean to be of consequence. ~Juvenal
Laws control the lesser man. Right conduct controls the greater one. ~Chinese Proverb
Never do anything against conscience even if the state demands it. ~Albert Einstein
It is dangerous to be right in matters on which the established authorities are wrong. ~Voltaire
You're not supposed to be so blind with patriotism that you can't face reality. Wrong is wrong, no matter who says it. ~Malcolm X
Each man must for himself alone decide what is right and what is wrong, which course is patriotic and which isn't. You cannot shirk this and be a man. To decide against your conviction is to be an unqualified and excusable traitor, both to yourself and to your country, let men label you as they may. ~Mark Twain
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable. ~Louis D. Brandeis
We cannot, by total reliance on law, escape the duty to judge right and wrong.... There are good laws and there are occasionally bad laws, and it conforms to the highest traditions of a free society to offer resistance to bad laws, and to disobey them. ~Alexander Bickel
It is not what a lawyer tells me I may do; but what humanity, reason, and justice tell me I ought to do. ~Edmund Burke, Second Speech on Conciliation, 1775
I am free, no matter what rules surround me. If I find them tolerable, I tolerate them; if I find them too obnoxious, I break them. I am free because I know that I alone am morally responsible for everything I do. ~Robert A. Heinlein, The Moon is a Harsh Mistress
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Argumentative Essay 1
In "Letter from Birmingham Jail," Martin Luther King, Jr., defines the four basic steps of a nonviolent campaign: 1) collect facts to determine whether injustices are alive; 2) negotiate; 3) self-purify; and 4) act directly. Write an essay in which you analyze the Montgomery Boycott or other nonviolent protest action for the four necessary steps. Why is each necessary?
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Argumentative Essay 2
Who is the tragic hero in the play Antigone? Is it Antigone or Creon? Answer the question by (1) putting forward your own definition of tragic hero and (2) using quotes from the text. Identify the tragic flaw or flaws in the hero.
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Persuasive Essay
Suppose you believe that a teacher is treating a friend unfairly. You want to voice your opinion in her favor but there is a very real probability that your own evaluation will be influenced by doing so. What would you do? What factors would you have to take into consideration either way? What further information would you need to make a decision? Explain your position.
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Expository Essay
Trace origins of our responsibilities as citizens. Include a review of "The Constitution of the United States of America"
- What is the outcome of the Constitution?
- What functions of the U.S. Constitution ensure that we honor the past, the present, and prepare for the future?
- What provides the balance in our decision making?
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Narrative Text
Genre Study
classical Greek tragedy
letter
film study
Literary Elements
structure of Greek drama
role of actors and chorus
protagonist
antagonist
point of view
tone
Literary Devices
irony
allusions
symbolism
imagery
foreshadowing
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Features of Film
setting (geographical, historical, social milieu)
atmosphere (mood)
cinematography (camera placement and movement, lighting, color, focus, frame)
composition
lighting (realistic, romantic, expressive, "dark," "surreal")
décor/clothing
pace (fast-paced, slow-paced, "meditative," "poetic")
suspense
sound (realistic, expressive, simple vs. multi-layered)
music (soundtrack vs. source)
editing (cutting for continuity, cutting within a scene, cross-cutting, parallel editing, metaphorical/symbolic cutting)
character (complexity, development, believability)
acting (professional/non-professional, realistic, stylized/symbolic)
plot (story, subplots, drama)
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Informational Text
Genre Study
protest essay
manifesto
historical account
Organizational Patterns
Yin-Yang
chart
categories
examples
definitions
"Civil Disobedience"
division into parts
Features
literary devices
thesis
supporting ideas
statistical evidence
Historical/Cultural Perspectives
Historical and contemporary perspective
Critical Perspectives
Connect to self - own perspective on issues of leadership and propaganda
facts and opinions
writer's tone, e.g., bias
logic
authenticity
Critically analyze Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience" for elements of argumentation and historical significance.
Text Criteria
ACT Characteristics of Complex Text
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Elements of Political Cartoons
Text
- balloons
- captions
- enemata
- labels
- signs
- narrative blocks
Design and layout
- border
- gutter
- panels (open, splash)
Angles
- bleed
- close-up
- longshot
- reverse
Historical/Cultural Perspectives
Historical Examples of Civil Disobedience
American Revolution
Utopia/Dystopia
Civil Rights Movement
South Africa
Anti-Vietnam War Protests
Current Examples of Civil Disobedience
War protests
Nuclear arms protests
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